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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (30): 82-86.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0885

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

富活素改良剂对日光温室土壤农化性质及芹菜品质的影响

孙喜军1(), 高莹2, 周维涛3, 蔡苗1, 宋喜芳1   

  1. 1 西安市农业技术推广中心，西安 710061
    2 咸阳职业技术学院，陕西咸阳 712000
    3 西安市高陵区农业技术推广中心，西安 710200
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-17 修回日期:2023-01-12 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-19
  • 作者简介:

    孙喜军，男，1985年出生，甘肃庆阳人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事设施菜地土壤改良与修复方面的研究。通信地址：710061 陕西省西安市长安南路140号 西安市农业技术推广中心，Tel：029-85221626，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    西安市科技局农业技术研发项目“西安市设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究”(20NYYF0044); 咸阳职业技术学院科研基金项目“4种改良剂防治设施土壤次生盐渍化效果研究”(2020KJC01); 咸阳职业技术学院2021年度博士科研基金项目“国家中心城市近郊设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究-以西安市为例”(2021BK03)

Effects of Fuhuosu Amendment on Soil Agrochemical Properties and Celery Quality in Solar Greenhouse

SUN Xijun1(), GAO Ying2, ZHOU Weitao3, CAI Miao1, SONG Xifang1   

  1. 1 Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710061
    2 Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000
    3 Xi’an Gaoling District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710200
  • Received:2022-10-17 Revised:2023-01-12 Published-:2023-10-25 Online:2023-10-19

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摘要：

改良设施菜地土壤对区域蔬菜产业可持续发展意义重大。该研究以芹菜为供试作物，研究富活素改良剂用量为0 kg/hm2（CK，即常规对照）、300 kg/hm2 (T1)、600 kg/hm2 (T2)、900 kg/hm2 (T3)时对日光温室土壤农化性质及芹菜品质、产量和经济收益的影响。结果表明：（1）施用富活素改良剂对日光温室土壤pH和有机质含量影响不明显，但能显著降低土壤硝酸盐含量和土壤电导率值，且土壤硝酸盐含量和土壤电导率值随富活素改良剂用量增大呈逐渐降低趋势，其中富活素改良剂用量900 kg/hm2时，土壤硝酸盐含量和土壤电导率值均最小，较常规对照降幅分别达到47.87%和54.28%。（2）株高、径粗、单株重以及叶片SPAD值等指标值均随富活素改良剂用量增加呈逐渐增大趋势，其中富活素改良剂用量900 kg/hm2时，芹菜的株高、径粗、单株重以及叶片SPAD值最大，较常规对照增幅分别达到8.22%、14.14%、2.91%和8.88%。（3）施用富活素改良可提高芹菜的维生素C和可溶性固形物含量，并降低硝酸盐含量，其中富活素改良剂用量900 kg/hm2时芹菜的品质最佳。（4）随着富活素改良剂用量的增加，芹菜产量表现出逐渐增加的趋势，其中富活素改良剂用量900 kg/hm2时产量增加值最大，但富活素改良剂用量600 kg/hm2时经济收益最大，增收值为2550元/hm2。由此可知，日光温室土壤施用富活素改良剂不仅可降低土壤硝酸盐含量和电导率值，缓解土壤次生盐渍化状况，而且还可以促进芹菜植株生长、提高芹菜的品质和产量。综合考虑降盐、提质、增产、增收等效果，富活素改良剂的最佳推荐用量为600 kg/hm2。

关键词: 富活素改良剂, 日光温室, 土壤电导率, 芹菜, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

Improving the soil quality of protected vegetable fields is of great significance to the sustainable development of regional vegetable industry. In this study, celery was used as the test crop and four treatments were set up to study the effect of Fuhuosu amendment on soil agrochemical properties of solar greenhouse and celery quality, yield and economic benefits. Among the four treatments, the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 0 kg/hm2 (CK), 300 kg/hm2 (T1), 600 kg/hm2 (T2) and 900 kg/hm2 (T3), respectively. The results showed that: (1) Fuhuosu amendment had no obvious effect on soil pH and soil organic matter in solar greenhouse, but it could significantly reduce soil nitrate content and soil electrical conductivity value, and soil nitrate content and soil electrical conductivity gradually decreased with the increase of the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment. When the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 900 kg/hm2, the soil nitrate content and soil electrical conductivity were the lowest, with a decrease of 47.87% and 54.28% respectively compared with CK. (2) The plant height, diametral thickness, single plant weight and leaf SPAD of celery increased gradually with the increase of the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment. When the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 900 kg/hm2, the plant height, diametral thickness, single plant weight and leaf SPAD of celery were the highest, and the increase rates were 8.22%, 14.14%, 2.91% and 8.88% respectively compared with CK. (3) The content of vitamin C and soluble solids in celery could be increased and the content of leaf nitrate could be decreased by applying Fuhuosu amendment. The quality of celery was the best when the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 900 kg/hm2. (4) The yield of celery showed a gradual increase trend with the increase of the Fuhuosu amendment dosage, and yield was the maximum when the dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 900 kg/hm2. However, when the dosage was 600 kg/hm2, the economic benefit was the highest and the increase income reached 2550 yuan/hm2. It could be seen that the application of Fuhuosu amendment to the soil in solar greenhouse could not only reduce the nitrate content and electrical conductivity of the soil, alleviate the secondary salinization of the soil, but also promote the growth of celery plants, improve the quality and yield of celery. Considering the effects of salt reduction, quality improvement, yield and income increase, the best recommended dosage of Fuhuosu amendment was 600 kg/hm2.

Key words: Fuhuosu amendment, solar greenhouse, soil electrical conductivity, celery, yield, quality