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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 177-182.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0169

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植密度和刈割期对‘保啤麦28号’饲草产量和品质的影响

赵加涛1(), 郭勉艳2, 刘猛道1(), 付正波1, 於琦1   

  1. 1 保山市农业科学研究院， 云南保山 678000
    2 腾冲市第一职业高级中学， 云南腾冲 679100
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-07-02 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者:
    刘猛道，男，1969年出生，云南腾冲人，推广研究员，本科，主要从事啤饲大麦育种及示范推广工作。通信地址：678000 云南省保山市隆阳区太保北路50号 保山市农业科学研究院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵加涛，男，1983年出生，云南腾冲人，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事啤饲大麦育种与示范推广工作。通信地址：678000 云南省保山市隆阳区太保北路50号 保山市农业科学研究院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家大麦青稞产业技术体系“保山综合试验站”项目(CARS-05); 云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(202105AD160044)

Effects of Planting Density and Cutting Period on Forage Yield and Quality of 'Baopimai 28'

ZHAO Jiatao1(), GUO Mianyan2, LIU Mengdao1(), FU Zhengbo1, YU Qi1   

  1. 1 Baoshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000
    2 Tengchong No.1 Vocational Senior High School, Tengchong, Yunnan 679100
  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-07-02 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-02-09

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摘要：

本研究探讨了种植密度（270万~330万株/hm²）和刈割期（单次刈割于乳熟期；或两次刈割于分蘖盛期+乳熟期、拔节期+乳熟期）对‘保啤麦28号’饲草产量和品质的影响。研究结果表明，同一刈割期，鲜草产量随着密度的增加而增加；同一密度（分蘖盛期刈割1次+乳熟期再次刈割1次）鲜草产量最高，但其第二次刈割时品质显著下降。同一刈割期，粗蛋白含量随着密度的增加而降低，中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗纤维含量随着密度增加而增加，粗脂肪含量随着密度的增加先减后增。乳熟期刈割饲草粗蛋白含量明显下降，粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维显著增加。综合分析产量与品质，种植密度300万株/hm²下于拔节初期进行单次刈割是实现高产优质平衡的最佳农艺组合，是‘保啤麦28号’青贮栽培的推荐方案。

关键词: ‘保啤麦28号’, 密度, 刈割期, 饲草产量, 品质

Abstract:

To examine the impact of planting density and cutting stage on forage yield and quality of 'Baopimai 28', a study was designed with these two factors as variables. Three planting densities were tested, including 2.7 million, 3.0 million, and 3.3 million seedlings per hectare. Three cutting regimes were implemented, including single cutting at milk stage, dual cutting (tillering stage + milk stage), and dual cutting (jointing stage + milk stage). Altogether there were nine treatment combinations. The forage yield and quality parameters were subsequently analyzed under these experimental conditions. Results indicated that fresh yield increased proportionally with planting density when comparing identical cutting stages. Among equal-density treatments, the highest fresh yield was obtained from the tillering stage + milk stage dual-cutting approach, but its quality decreased significantly at the second cutting. At the same cutting stage, crude protein content was observed to decrease with increasing planting density, whereas neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude fiber contents exhibited a corresponding increase. Crude fat content demonstrates an initial decline followed by an upward trend as density rises. During the milk stage, a significant reduction in crude protein content is recorded in forage, accompanied by pronounced increases in crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber levels. Comprehensive analysis of yield and quality reveals that planting density of 3 million plants/hm2 and a single cutting at the early jointing stage is the best agronomic combination to achieve high yield and good quality balance, is the recommended scheme of 'Baopimai 28' silage cultivation.

Key words: 'Baopimai 28', density, mowing period, forage yield, quality