外源硒响应植物高温胁迫机制研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0218

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (33): 113-120.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0218

外源硒响应植物高温胁迫机制研究进展

苏芸芸¹(), 徐梦馨², 欧晓彬¹, 龚磊¹, 张魁¹, 郭倩¹

¹ 陇东学院农业与生物工程学院甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与生态修复重点实验室，甘肃庆阳 745000
² 临沂科技职业学院，山东临沂 276017

收稿日期:2025-03-21 修回日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-01
作者简介:
苏芸芸，女，1991年出生，甘肃甘谷人，副教授，博士，主要从事药用植物逆境生理生态研究。通信地址：745000 甘肃省庆阳市西峰区兰州路45号，Tel：0934-8651834，E-mail：1124207125@qq.com。
基金资助:
甘肃省自然科学基金项目“硒肥调节黄精高温耐性机制及蛋白组学研究”(22JR5RM205); 科技人才专项计划项目“外源硒对高温胁迫下黄精生长及光合特性的影响”(QY-STK-2022A-015); 博士基金项目“黄精水肥耦合效应及高效利用机制研究”(XYBYZK2229); 博士基金项目“陇药黄精益生菌产品开发及应用”(XYBYZK2215)

Research Progress on Regulation Mechanism of Exogenous Selenium Response to High Temperature Stress in Plants

SU Yunyun¹(), XU Mengxin², OU Xiaobin¹, GONG Lei¹, ZHANG Kui¹, GUO Qian¹

¹ Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration, School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, Gansu 745000
² Linyi Vocational University of Science and Technology, Linyi, Shandong 276017

Received:2025-03-21 Revised:2025-06-15 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高温胁迫已然成为限制植物生长与分布的关键环境因素之一。硒作为动植物生长所必需的微量元素，具备抗氧化、调节生长发育及增强植物抗逆性等多种功能。近年来，硒作为外源物质参与非生物胁迫的响应机制，已成为学术研究的热点领域。本文全面综述了高温胁迫对植物生长、生理生化的影响，以及植物响应高温的生理和分子机制。详细总结了硒在植物体内的吸收转化过程，深入剖析了硒增强植物耐高温性的作用机制。从生理层面而言，外源硒通过维持谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的高活性，提升植物的抗氧化能力，清除过量的活性氧，维护叶绿体类囊体膜结构的完整性，并借助渗透调节等途径，有效缓解了高温胁迫引发的光合抑制和膜脂过氧化现象。从分子层面来看，硒能够诱导关键耐热基因、抗氧基因以及相关代谢途径的基因表达，以响应高温胁迫。未来有关硒在植物抗逆性方面的研究，应采用多组学联合分析方法，深入挖掘和解析硒的应用价值，旨在为提高植物的抗逆性提供坚实的理论依据。

关键词: 硒, 高温胁迫, 植物, 生理特性, 分子机制, 抗逆性

Abstract:

High temperature stress has become one of the critical environmental factors limiting plant growth and distribution. Selenium, as an essential trace element for the growth of animals and plants, possesses multiple functions such as antioxidant activity, regulating growth and development, and enhancing plant stress resistance. In recent years, selenium has become a hot topic in academic research as an exogenous substance involved in the response mechanism of abiotic stress. This article comprehensively reviews the impacts of high temperature stress on plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry, as well as the physiological and molecular mechanisms of plants response to high temperature. It thoroughly summarizes the uptake and transformation process of selenium in plants and deeply analyzes the mechanism of selenium enhancing plant heat tolerance. From a physiological perspective, exogenous selenium maintains high activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), enhances plant antioxidant capacity, scavenges excessive reactive oxygen species, and maintains the integrity of the thylakoid membrane structure in chloroplasts, and effectively alleviates photosynthetic inhibition and membrane lipid peroxidation caused by high temperature stress through osmotic regulation and other pathways. At the molecular level, selenium can induce the expression of key heat-resistant genes, antioxidant genes, and related metabolic pathways genes in response to high temperature stress. Future research on selenium in plant stress resistance should adopt a multi-omics joint analysis method to deeply explore and analyze the application value of selenium, with the aim of providing a solid theoretical basis for improving plant stress resistance.

Key words: selenium, high temperature stress, plant, physiological characteristics, molecular mechanism, stress resistance

苏芸芸, 徐梦馨, 欧晓彬, 龚磊, 张魁, 郭倩. 外源硒响应植物高温胁迫机制研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(33): 113-120.

SU Yunyun, XU Mengxin, OU Xiaobin, GONG Lei, ZHANG Kui, GUO Qian. Research Progress on Regulation Mechanism of Exogenous Selenium Response to High Temperature Stress in Plants[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(33): 113-120.

图/表 3

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外源硒响应植物高温胁迫机制研究进展

Research Progress on Regulation Mechanism of Exogenous Selenium Response to High Temperature Stress in Plants

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