水曲柳苗木根系和叶片氮的分配及对生物量影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究氮素浓度对水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)苗木根系和叶片内氮的分配以及对苗木生物量的影响,采用温室砂培实验对4个不同氮素浓度处理(1、4、8、16 mmol/L)下的一年生水曲柳幼苗在不同生长时期根系、茎干和叶片中氮素浓度及其关系进行测定分析.研究结果显示:氮素供给浓度显著影响苗木根系氮浓度和叶片氮浓度.随供氮水平提高,苗木体内根系和叶片氮浓度都明显提高.在生长初期(6月)和中期(7月和8月),叶片中氮浓度分别高于根系9.40、9.55和4.21mg/g,而在生长末期(9月)叶片中氮浓度低于根系;根系中氮浓度与叶片中氮浓度有密切线性关系,在生长初期和中期,根系氮浓度增加1个单位,叶片氮浓度平均增加1.6个单位,在生长末期相关性减弱;氮有效性增加能够促进根系和地上部分生物量增长,其中根系生物量增加明显高于地上部分.当氮供应不足(氮浓度为1和4 mmol/L)时,分配到根系生物量1个单位,则分配到地上部分生物量约为0.28个单位.氮供应充足条件下,线性关系也较弱.说明水曲柳是一个对氮素比较敏感的树种,苗木根系和叶片中的氮浓度与其生物量存在显著的关系.

关键词: 丽江山慈菇, 丽江山慈菇, 种子, 繁殖, 秋水仙碱

中图分类号:

S718.43

范志强　王政权　吴楚　孙海龙　徐文静　霍常富. 水曲柳苗木根系和叶片氮的分配及对生物量影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2008, 24(1): 45-51.

Fan Zhiqiang　 Wang Zhengquan　 Wu Chu　 Sun Hailong　 Xu Wenjing　 Huo Changfu. Nitrogen and Biomass Partitioning Pattern in Root and Leaf of Fraxinus mandshurica Seedlings[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2008, 24(1): 45-51.

参考文献

[1]Chapin FS,Matson PA,Mooney HA.Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology.Springer-Verlag New York,Inc.2002:215-219.
[2]Field C,Mooney HA.The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants.in Givinish TJ ed.On the Economy of Plant Form and Function.Cambridge University Press.Cambridge,UK,1986:25-55.
[3]Evans JR.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationship in leaves of C3 plants.Oecologia,1989,78:9-19.
[4]Chapin FS Ⅲ,Vitousek PM,Van Cleve K.Plant response to multiple environmental factors.BioScience,1987,37:49-57.
[5]Andrews K,Sppent JI,Raven JA,et al.Relationships between shoot to root ratio,growth and leaf soluble protein concentration of Pisum sativum,Phaseolus vulgaris and Triticum aestivum under different nutrient deficiencies.Plant Cell and Environment,1999,22:949-958.
[6]Hendricks JJ,Nadelhoffer KJ,Aber JD.Assessing the role of fine roots in carbon and nutrient cycling.Trends Ecol Evol.,1993,8:174-178.
[7]King JS,Albaugh TJ,Allen HL,et al.Seasonal dynamics of fine roots relative to foliage and stem growth in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) as affected by water and nutrient availability.New Phytologist,2002,154:389-398.
[8]Nadelhoffer KJ.The potential effects of nitrogen deposition on fine-root production in forest ecosystems.New Phytologist.2000,147:131-139.
[9]Burton AJ,Pregitzer KS,Hendrick RL.Relationships between fine root dynamics and nitrogen availability in Michigan northem hardwood forests.Oecologia,2000,125:389-399.
[10]Hü ttl RF.Nutrient supply and fertilizer experiments in view of N saturation.Plant and Soil.1990,128:45-58.
[11]Cumming JR,Brown SM.Effects of elevated nitrate and aluminium on the growth and nutrition of red spruce (Picea rubens) seedlings.Tree physiology.1994,14:589-599.
[12]BassiriRad H.Kinetics of nutrient uptake by roots:responses to global change.New Phytologist,2000,147:155-169.
[13]Jarkko U,Toini H.Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus availability and ozone stress on Norway spruce seedlings.Tree Physiology.2001,21:447-456.
[14]Adamas MB,Campbell RG,Allen HL,et al.Root and foliar nutrient concentrations in loblolly pine:effects of season,site and fertilization.Forest Science,1987,33:984-996.
[15]H(o)gberg P,Hogbom L,Schinkel H.Nitrogen related root variables of trees along an N deposition gradient in Europe.Tree Physiology,1998,18:823-828.
[16]Reich PB,Grigal DF,Aber JD,et al.Nitrogen mineralization and productivity in 50 hardwood and conifer stands on diverse soils.Ecology,1997,78:335-347.
[17]Hikosaka K,Hirose T.Nitrogen uptake and use by competing individuals in a Xanthium canadense stand.Oecologia,2001,126:174-181.
[18]Marschner H,Kirkby EA,Engels C.Importance of cycling and recycling of mineral nutrients within plants for growth and development.Botanica.Acta,1997,110:265-273.
[19]Eissenstat DM,Yanai RD.The ecology of root lifespan.Adv Ecol Res,1997,27:1-60.
[20]Seith B,George E,Marschner H,et al.Effects of varied soil nitrogen supply on Norway spruce (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) I.Shoot and root growth and nutrient uptake.Plant and Soil,1996,184:291-298.
[21]Hikosaka K,Terashima I..A model of acclimation of photosynthesis in the leaves of C3 plants to sun and shade with respect to nitrogen use.Plant Cell and Environment,1995,18:387-398.
[22]Livonen S,Rikala R,Vapaavuori E.Seasonal root growth of Scots pine seedlings in relation to shoot phenology,Carbohydrate status and nutrient supply.Can J For Res,2001,31:1569-1578.
[23]Copper HD,Clarkson DT.Cycling of amino-nitrogen and other nutrients between shoots and roots in cereals-A possible mechanism integrating shoot and root in the regulation of nutrient uptake.J.Exp.Bot.1989,40:753-762.
[24]Ericsson T.Growth,shoot:root ration of seedlings in relation to nutrient availability.Plant and Soil.1995:168-169,205-214.
[25]Burton AJ,Pregitzer KS,Zogg GP,et al.Latitudinal variation in sugar maple fine root respiration.Can J For Res,1996,26:1761-1768.