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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (30): 14-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1155

所属专题: 生物技术 玉米

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜玉米品质性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析

蒋锋1,2(), 闫艳1, 麦嘉埼1, 梁日朗1, 周捷成1, 李坪遥1, 刘鹏飞1,2()   

  1. 1仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广州 510225
    2广州市特色作物种质资源研究与利用重点实验室,广州 510225
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-01 修回日期:2022-03-28 出版日期:2022-10-25 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘鹏飞
  • 作者简介:蒋锋,男,1980年出生,安徽马鞍山人,副教授,博士,研究方向:作物遗传育种。通信地址:510225 广州市海珠区纺织路东沙街24号 仲恺农业工程学院,Tel:020-89003197,E-mail: breakthrough@139.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省重点领域研发计划“甜玉米共享分子育种体系构建与突破性新品种选育利用”(2018B020202013);广州市特色作物种质资源研究与利用重点实验室项目(202002010010)

Quality Traits of Sweet Corn: Major Gene +Polygene Genetic Analysis

JIANG Feng1,2(), YAN Yan1, MAI Jiaqi1, LIANG Rilang1, ZHOU Jiecheng1, LI Pingyao1, LIU Pengfei1,2()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225
    2Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guangzhou 510225
  • Received:2021-12-01 Revised:2022-03-28 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-27
  • Contact: LIU Pengfei

摘要:

对甜玉米品质性状进行主基因+多基因遗传分析,为甜玉米品质改良提供理论依据。用果糖含量、膳食纤维含量和维生素C含量差异显著的甜玉米自交系配制杂交组合T77(高值亲本)×T15(低值亲本)。以该组合F2代群体为试验材料,对其果糖含量、膳食纤维含量和维生素C含量等3个品质性状进行测定,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析3个性状的最适遗传模型及相关遗传参数。试验表明,果糖含量的最适模型为A-1,是受1对主基因控制的加性-显性遗传模型,主基因遗传率为76.4%;膳食纤维含量和维生素C含量的最适模型同为B-1,表明这2个性状符合2对主基因控制的加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率分别为63.6%和64.7%。在育种实践中,对甜玉米果糖含量、膳食纤维含量和维生素C含量的遗传改良和选择,可在早期世代进行,同时要注意一定的环境因素,采用聚合回交或轮回选择的方法来积累微效基因以提高育种效率。

关键词: 甜玉米, 品质性状, 主基因+多基因, 遗传分析, 遗传模型

Abstract:

The major gene + polygene genetic analysis of quality traits in sweet corn was carried out to provide a theoretical basis for quality improvement of sweet corn. In this experiment, the hybrid combination T77 (high-value parent) ×T15 (low-value parent) was prepared from sweet corn inbred lines with significantly different fructose content, dietary fiber content and vitamin C content. Three quality traits, namely fructose content, dietary fiber content and vitamin C content, were measured in the F2 generation population of this combination. The optimal genetic model and related genetic parameters of the three traits were analyzed by using the major gene + polygene genetic model. The experiment showed that the optimal genetic model for fructose content was A-1, which was a mixed one additive-dominant major gene genetic model, and the heritability of major gene was 76.4%. The optimal models for dietary fiber content and vitamin C content were both B-1, which indicated that these two traits conformed to the genetic model of two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes, and the heritability of major genes was 63.6% and 64.7%, respectively. In breeding practice, the genetic improvement and selection of fructose content, dietary fiber content and vitamin C content of sweet corn could be carried out in the early generation, and at the same time, certain environmental factors should be highlighted, and the method of polymerization backcross or recurrent selection should be adopted to accumulate minor genes to improve breeding efficiency.

Key words: sweet corn, quality traits, major gene + polygene, genetic analysis, genetic model

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