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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 111-117.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0204

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂施用量对土壤理化性质及茄子农艺性状和品质的影响

陈芝(), 颜墩炜, 黄强, 黄枝, 陈海玲, 郭媛贞()   

  1. 莆田市农业科学研究所，福建莆田 351106
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-28 修回日期:2024-07-12 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者:
    郭媛贞，女，1968年出生，福建莆田人，副研究员，主要从事蔬菜育种与栽培等工作。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    陈芝，女，1982年出生，福建莆田人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向为蔬菜育种与栽培等。通信地址：351106 福建省莆田市荔城区玉湖路尚勤街2526号张镇水乡B区 莆田市农科所，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技计划引导性项目“地方特色蔬菜种质资源的收集保护与利用研究”(2020N0044); 莆田市科技计划项目“牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂在蔬菜栽培中的应用研究”(2021NJJ001)

Effects of Application Levels of Oyster Shell Powder Soil Conditioner on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Agronomic Properties and Quality of Eggplant

CHEN Zhi(), YAN Dunwei, HUANG Qiang, HUANG Zhi, CHEN Hailing, GUO Yuanzhen()   

  1. Putian Institue of Agricultural Sciences, Putian, Fujian 351106
  • Received:2024-03-28 Revised:2024-07-12 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-12-03

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摘要：

以‘农友704’茄子为试验对象，以常规施肥为对照(CK)，设置增施750、1500、2250、3000、3750 kg/hm2(T1~T5) 5个牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂用量水平，研究牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂对土壤理化性质及茄子农艺性状和品质的影响，以期筛选其在茄子大田种植中的最佳施用量。结果表明，牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂能够提高茄子叶绿素含量和株高，促进茄子果实发育，其中T4处理表现最好，茄子叶绿素含量（现蕾期）、株高（现蕾期）、单果重、果实纵径都显著高于CK，较CK分别提高3.25%、7.24%、8.50%、5.75%，对茄子果实品质有一定的提升，茄子钙含量较CK提高2.3%~13.7%。增施牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂能够降低土粒密度，提高土壤中氮和钾元素含量，提高土壤速效养分含量，碱解氮和速效钾含量较CK最高分别提高6.98%(T5)和42.39%(T4)。主成分分析表明，牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂3000 kg/hm2是茄子大田生产中的最佳选择。

关键词: 茄子, 牡蛎壳粉, 土壤调理剂, 品质, 农艺性状, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the effects of oyster shell powder soil conditioner on soil physicochemical property and growth and quality of eggplant, and to select the optimal application amount in eggplant field cultivation. We chose ‘Nongyou 704’ as the test object, set conventional fertilization as CK and the oyster shell powder application levels of 750 kg/hm2(T1), 1500 kg/hm2(T2), 2250 kg/hm2(T3), 3000 kg/hm2(T4), 3750 kg/hm2(T5) as different treatments. The results showed that different soil conditioner doses could increase the chlorophyll content and plant height of eggplants, promote the development of eggplant fruits. The eggplants chlorophyll content (in the bud stage), plant height (in the bud stage), single fruit weight, and fruit longitudinal diameter of T4 treatment were significantly higher than CK with the increases of 3.25%, 7.24%, 8.50% and 5.75%, respectively. There was a certain improvement in the quality of eggplant fruit, with an increase of 2.3%-13.7% in calcium content compared to CK. Applying oyster shell powder as a soil conditioner could reduce soil particle density, increase the content of nitrogen and potassium elements in the soil, and increase the content of available nutrients in the soil. The content of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium increased by 6.98% (T5) and 42.39% (T4) compared to CK, respectively. According to principal component analysis, the application amount of oyster shell powder soil conditioner 3000 kg/hm2 is the most suitable amount for eggplant field production and cultivation.

Key words: eggplant, oyster shell powder, soil conditioner, quality, agronomic traits, physicochemical properties of soil