灵芝—水稻轮作体系中土壤微生物群落的演替

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0159

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 39-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0159

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

灵芝—水稻轮作体系中土壤微生物群落的演替

朱诗君¹(), 罗幼君², 金树权¹(), 周金波¹, 汪峰¹

¹ 宁波市农业科学研究院，浙江宁波 315101
² 宁波海和诗现代农业有限公司，浙江宁波 315035

收稿日期:2023-02-21 修回日期:2023-06-15 出版日期:2024-02-01 发布日期:2024-02-01
通讯作者:
金树权，男，1991年出生，浙江绍兴人，副研究员，博士，主要从事设施瓜果连作障碍治理及水环境治理等研究。通信地址：315101 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号，Tel：0574-87184035，E-mail：jinshuq@126.com。
作者简介:
朱诗君，男，1991年出生，浙江温州人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事农用微生物资源的开发及应用。通信地址：315101 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号，Tel：0574-87184037，E-mail：1227935418@qq.com。
基金资助:
宁波市公益类科技计划“灵芝-水稻”高效轮作模式及其废弃物在果园地力提升中的应用(2021S003)

Succession of Soil Microbial Community in Ganoderma lucidum-Rice Rotation System

ZHU Shijun¹(), LUO Youjun², JIN Shuquan¹(), ZHOU Jinbo¹, WANG Feng¹

¹ Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315101
² Ningbo Haiheshi Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315035

Received:2023-02-21 Revised:2023-06-15 Published-:2024-02-01 Online:2024-02-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

灵芝是一种优秀的传统中药材，在亚洲等地区一直具有巨大的市场需求。但传统的集约式栽培流程导致灵芝产量和品质低下，而水旱轮作则被认为是一种切实有效的可持续农业措施，但灵芝—水稻轮作方面的研究却极其稀少。为探讨灵芝—水稻轮作不同阶段土壤微生物群落的演替规律，采用了高通量测序对不同阶段（DAF，L₁和L₂）土壤细菌与真菌群落结构进行分析。结果表明：自DAF到L₂，细菌的丰富度及多样性指标逐渐降低，真菌的丰富度多样性指标先下降随后上升。灵芝—水稻轮作对细菌与真菌群落结构有显著影响，DAF的罗河杆菌属与芽单胞菌属的相对丰度显著高于L₁与L₂；而MND1属、大肠杆菌志贺菌、Dongia属、链霉菌属、Ellin6067属相对丰度显著低于L₁或L₂。而在真菌属水平，L₁的小脆柄菇属的相对丰度显著高于DAF与L₂，而被孢霉属则相反。相关性分析表明大多数的土壤化学养分与真菌的多样性指标显著负相关，而与细菌丰富度、细菌多样性及真菌丰富度无显著相关关系。RDA分析表明SOM是影响细菌群落的主要环境因子，而AP和AK是影响真菌群落的主要因子。水稻—灵芝轮作有利于改善土壤的微生物群落结构，提高灵芝的产量及品质，对灵芝的可持续农业生产具有显著的积极作用。

关键词: 灵芝, 轮作, 群落结构, 相关性分析

Abstract:

Ganoderma lucidum is an excellent traditional Chinese medicine, with a huge market demand in Asia and other regions. And the traditional intensive cultivation always results in low yield and poor quality of ganoderma lucidum. Water-dry rotation has been proved to be a practical, effective and sustainable agricultural measure, but study on ganoderma lucidum-rice rotation is extremely rare. To explore soil microbial communities’ succession at different stages of ganoderma lucidum-rice rotation, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze soil bacteria and fungal communities structure at different stages of DAF, L₁ and L₂. The results showed that from DAF to L₂, the diversity index values of bacteria gradually decreased, and that of fungi decreased and then increased. The ganoderma lucidum-rice rotation had a significant impact on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities. The relative abundance of rhodobacter and gemmatimonas at DAF was significantly higher than that at L₁ and L₂. And abundance of MND1, escherichia coli-Shigella, Dongia, streptomyces and Ellin6067 were the opposite. As for fungi, the relative abundance of psathyrella at L₁ was significantly higher than that at DAF and L₂, while mortierella was the opposite. The correlation analysis showed that most of the soil chemical nutrient indicators were significantly negatively correlated with the fungal diversity indicators, but not with the bacterial richness, bacterial diversity and fungal richness. RDA analysis showed that SOM was the main environmental factor affecting the bacterial community, while AP and AK were the main factors affecting the fungal community. Ganoderma lucidum-rice rotation is beneficial to improve the soil microbial community structure, increase the yield and quality of ganoderma lucidum. Thus, it has a significant positive effect on the sustainable agricultural production of ganoderma lucidum.

Key words: Ganoderma lucidum, rotation, community structure, correlation analysis

朱诗君, 罗幼君, 金树权, 周金波, 汪峰. 灵芝—水稻轮作体系中土壤微生物群落的演替[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(5): 39-46.

ZHU Shijun, LUO Youjun, JIN Shuquan, ZHOU Jinbo, WANG Feng. Succession of Soil Microbial Community in Ganoderma lucidum-Rice Rotation System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(5): 39-46.

图/表 7

参考文献 31

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	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
DAF	5.92±0.06^a	105.67±6.13^c	29.53±0.97^b	1.73±0.11^b	119.00±9.90^b	84.33±10.66^b	520.00±18.06^b
L1	5.93±0.08a	315.33±7.13a	36.67±0.76a	2.21±0.12a	147.33±12.71a	205.33±28.77a	1056.00±62.84a
L2	6.07±0.30a	204.33±6.34b	30.73±1.23b	1.81±0.1b	146.67±5.79a	98.33±12.71b	536.67±6.55b

	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
DAF	5.92±0.06^a	105.67±6.13^c	29.53±0.97^b	1.73±0.11^b	119.00±9.90^b	84.33±10.66^b	520.00±18.06^b
L1	5.93±0.08a	315.33±7.13a	36.67±0.76a	2.21±0.12a	147.33±12.71a	205.33±28.77a	1056.00±62.84a
L2	6.07±0.30a	204.33±6.34b	30.73±1.23b	1.81±0.1b	146.67±5.79a	98.33±12.71b	536.67±6.55b

	含水量/%	灰分/%	粗多糖/(g/kg)	总三萜/(g/kg)	蛋白质/%	脂肪/%	碳水化合物/%	膳食纤维/%
L₁	6.9	0.69	4.95	63.08	16.9	23.4	13.3	41.1
L₂	7.4	0.66	3.49	56.61	11.4	21.7	21.1	38.8

	含水量/%	灰分/%	粗多糖/(g/kg)	总三萜/(g/kg)	蛋白质/%	脂肪/%	碳水化合物/%	膳食纤维/%
L₁	6.9	0.69	4.95	63.08	16.9	23.4	13.3	41.1
L₂	7.4	0.66	3.49	56.61	11.4	21.7	21.1	38.8

灵芝—水稻轮作体系中土壤微生物群落的演替

Succession of Soil Microbial Community in Ganoderma lucidum-Rice Rotation System

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