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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (18): 260-263.

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安市粮食作物田土壤杂草种子库研究

曹瑛 范变娥 冯渊博 冯华 程爱红 惠军涛 付小军   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-13 修回日期:2011-04-26 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25
  • 基金资助:

    西安市农田土壤杂草种子库与杂草综合管理研究

Study on the Soil Weed Seed Banks of the Grain Crop Field in Xi’an City

  • Received:2011-01-13 Revised:2011-04-26 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-07-25

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摘要：

粮食生产具有明显的地域性特征，不同粮食作物、不同耕作制度下的田间杂草种子库差别较大。本文通过土样采集、室内诱萌、田间调查等方法，对西安市72块小麦—玉米轮作制度下的粮食作物田土壤杂草种子库进行分析研究。结果表明：（1）西安市粮食作物田20 cm土层中杂草种子平均为11351.70粒/m2，有活性的杂草种子占3.50%，田间实际发生的杂草占0.51%。（2）不同生态类型粮食作物田杂草种子量差别较大，表现为塬岭区>沿山>平原灌区>河漫滩，平原灌区作为西安市的主要粮食作物田，其土壤杂草种子为11044.44粒/m2，与塬岭区、沿山相比处于较低的水平。（3）在不同土层中，7~14 cm土层的杂草种子量占杂草种子总量的37.04%，略多于0~7 cm和14~20 cm土层的杂草种子量。

关键词: 评价, 评价

Abstract:

Food production has obvious regional characteristics. The weed seed banks are greatly different under the different cropping systems between the different crops. This paper studied the weed seed banks in 72 wheat-maize grain crop field under the rotation system of Xi′an through the soil sampling, indoor inducing sprouted and field investigation. The results showed that: (1) The average amount of weed seeds was 11351.70 /m2 at 20 cm soil layers in grain crop fields of Xi′an. The active weed seeds amounted accounts for 3.50%, the actual field weeds amount accounted for 0.51%. (2) The weed seeds amount of different ecological crop field varies greatly: tableland>hillside>irrigated plain area>flood land. The irrigated plain area was the main grain crop fields in Xi′an. The weed seeds amount was lower than tableland’s and hillside’s with 11044.44 /m2. (3) The weed seeds amounted at 7-14 cm, soil layers accounted for 37.04%. It was slightly more than the amount at 0-7 cm and 14-20 cm soil layers.