欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (27): 75-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030008

所属专题: 油料作物

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

花针期灌水对花生植株生长发育及光合物质积累的影响

刘孟娟,丁红,戴良香,慈敦伟,秦斐斐,张智猛   

  1. 新疆农业大学,山东省花生研究所 山东 青岛,山东省花生研究所 山东 青岛,山东省花生研究所 山东 青岛,山东省花生研究所 山东 青岛,山东省花生研究所 山东 青岛
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-02 修回日期:2015-08-28 接受日期:2015-03-24 出版日期:2015-09-23 发布日期:2015-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 张智猛
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划 “花生高产高效关键技术研究与示范” (2014BAD11B04); 山东省科技发展计划项目 “花生抗旱耐盐胁迫机制研究和高产高效节水技术集成” (2013GNC11107); 山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队岗位专家(SDAIT-05-022-06); 山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题 “滨海盐碱地花生高产高效关键技术研究” ; 青岛市民生科技计划 “盐碱地花生高产优质关键技术研究和示范” (14-2-3-34-nsh)。

Effect of Irrigation on Peanut Plant Grows and Dry Matter Accumulation

刘孟娟,,,, and   

  • Received:2015-03-02 Revised:2015-08-28 Accepted:2015-03-24 Online:2015-09-23 Published:2015-09-23

摘要: 为了明确花针期灌水后不同品种花生植株生长发育、 产量及构成因素的影响, 以不同花生品种为材料, 在花针期灌水后对不同器官的干物质积累进行了研究。结果表明, 花针期灌水处理对不同花生品种不同农艺性状及产量影响不同, 灌水处理下 ‘花育 25号’ 的主茎高、 侧枝长与其对照间差异不明显,但产量上差异明显; 即 ‘花育 25号’ 各性状和产量对灌水处理的适应性较好,‘花育 20号’ 表现较差。各品种主茎高和侧枝长的生长发育状况可用 Logistic方程很好的拟合, 花针期灌水可使主茎高和侧枝长最大生长速率出现时间(Tm)均提前, 主茎高Tm提前 2~5天, 侧枝长Tm提前 3~7天; 花针期灌水使 ‘花育22号’ 和 ‘花育 25号’ 两品种主茎高的最大生长速率(Vm)分别提高 21.29%、 5.67%, 侧枝长最大生长速率分别升高 3.61%和 5.42%, 却使 ‘花育 20号’ 主茎高和侧枝生长的最大生长速率(Vm)分别降低 15.48%和21.81%。花针期灌水处理下各品种基部茎长和茎粗均于开花后 20天的结荚期达峰值,‘花育 25号’ 、‘花育 20号’ 和 ‘花育 22号’ 三品种基部茎长较对照分别提高 0.30 cm、 0.57 cm和 0.46 cm, 其基部茎粗分别提高 18.33%、 11.11%、 10.34%。花针期灌水使各品种灌水生产效率明显提高,‘花育 22号’ 和 ‘花育 25号’ 灌水生产效率分别为 25.26 kg/mm和 22.6 kg/mm。无论是田间自然条件下还是花针期灌水处理, 均以 ‘花育 25 号’ 产量最高, 分别达 4794.3 kg/hm2和 5030.25 kg/hm2,‘花育 25 号’ 抗性和广适性能力均较强。

关键词: 高通量测序, 高通量测序, 土壤微生物, 微生物多样性, 应用。

Abstract: In order to clarify irrigation effect on plant growth, yield and component factors of different peanut varieties at flower pin stage, dry matter accumulations in different organs were studied. The results showed that different irrigation treatments had different effects on different agronomic traits and yield. Under the irrigation condition, there was no significant difference between the‘Huayu 25’and its control; but the traits and yield of‘Huayu 25’had better adaptability to irrigation, and poor performance was found in‘Huayu 20’ . Growth and development of main stem and branch length of all varieties fit well to Logistic equation. Watering could advance the occurring time (Tm) of flower main stem height and the maximum branch length growth rate, ahead of the main stem height Tm 2-5 days, Tm of the branch length advanced 3-7 days. Irrigation at flower pin stage increased the maximum growth rate (Vm) of the main stem height of‘Huayu 22’and‘Huayu 25’by 21.29% and 5.67% , increased their largest growth rates of branch length by 3.61% and 5.42% , but decreased the maximum growth rate (Vm) of the main stem height and the branch length of‘Huayu 20’by 15.48% and 21.81%. Irrigation after flower pin stage, the base of each stem length and stem diameter of different varieties were delayed 20 days, the base stem length of‘Huayu 25’ ,‘Huayu 20’and‘Huayu 22’increased by 0.30 cm , 0.57 cm and 0.46 cm, its stem diameter increased by 18.33% , 11.11% , 10.34% . Irrigation after flowering pin stage, the production efficiency was significantly improved, the productivities of‘Huayu 22’ and‘Huayu 25’were 25.26 kg/mm and 22.6 kg/mm. Therefore, under both natural field condition and irrigation treatment after flowering pin stage, the yield of‘Huayu 25’was the highest, which was 4794.3 kg/hm2 and 5030.25 kg/hm2, showed that‘Huayu 25’ had the strong resistance and wide adaptability capabilities.