生防芽孢杆菌防控辣椒疫病研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010137

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

辣椒疫病是世界性的土传病害,在辣椒产地普遍存在且危害日趋严重,造成了大量的经济损失。为了能在生产中寻找更加高效、环保的生物防治方法与途径,为辣椒疫病的生物防治提供新思路,本文对辣椒疫病的生防芽孢杆菌进行了归纳总结,从菌种来源、筛选方法、菌种鉴定方法、培养发酵方式以及防病机理等方面进行论述,讨论了芽孢杆菌在实际生产应用中的方式、存在的主要障碍,并对生防芽孢杆菌防控辣椒疫病的试验条件、菌种复配以及菌种的培养方式提出了新的展望。

关键词: 辣椒疫霉, 芽孢杆菌, 生物防治, 微生物菌剂, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

Pepper blight is a worldwide soil-borne disease, which occurs generally in pepper growing areas with more and more serious trend, and has caused huge economic loss. In order to find more efficient and environment-friendly biological control methods, and provide new ideas for disease control of pepper blight, the authors summarize the research about Bacillus spp. of pepper blight, and describe the following respects: strain source, screening method, strain identification method, culture fermentation and mechanism of disease control. The authors also discuss the way and main obstacles of Bacillus spp. application in practical production. Finally, the experimental condition, combination principles and cultivation methods of controlling pepper blight by Bacillus spp. are proposed.

Key words: Phytophthora capsici, Bacillus spp., biological control, microbial inoculants, soil microorganism

中图分类号:

S154.3

叶旻硕, 马艳, 黄有军. 生防芽孢杆菌防控辣椒疫病研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(15): 123-129.

Ye Minshuo, Ma Yan, Huang Youjun. The Control of Pepper Blight by Bacillus spp.: Research Progress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(15): 123-129.

图/表 1

参考文献 67

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名称	菌种来源	试验方式	被证实有效代谢产物
特基拉芽孢杆菌^[29](CNU082075)	辣椒根部	平板对峙	/
枯草芽孢杆菌R13、R33^[30]	辣椒根际	平板对峙	水解酶、氰化氢
路西法芽孢杆菌KJ2C12、KJ1R5、KJ9C8^[32]	田间土壤	根部侵染、种子实验、苗床试验、田间试验	/
解淀粉芽孢杆菌Fy11、Zy44^[19]	银杏叶片	盆栽试验	粗脂肽
芽孢杆菌分离株SB10^[31]	盐碱土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	脂肽芬荠素、伊枯草菌素和表面活性素
死谷芽孢杆菌BS07^[33]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	水杨酸
多粘类芽孢杆菌E681^[34]	微生物资源库	提取物平板拮抗、盆栽试验	镰孢菌素
爱媛类芽孢杆菌KWN38^[35]	田间土壤	盆栽试验	β-1,3葡聚糖酶
解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bg-C31^[20]	红海榄植株	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	融合蛋白
枯草芽孢杆菌HS93^[36]	辣椒根部	平板对峙、田间试验	几丁质酶
地衣芽孢杆菌LS234、LS523、LS674^[36]	辣椒根部	平板对峙、田间试验	几丁质酶
芽孢杆菌分离株BB11^[21]	生姜根际	田间试验	/
芽孢杆菌分离株FH17^[21]	甜椒植株	田间试验	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌GBR-462^[22]	人参根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
死谷芽孢杆菌ZZ185^[23]	冬青茎部	提取物平板拮抗	杆菌霉素D
解淀粉芽孢杆菌TB2^[24]	烟草茎部	提取物平板拮抗	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌TC35^[37]	田间土壤	平板对峙、田间试验	/
侧孢短芽孢杆菌B8^[38]	烟草根际	平板对峙	几丁质酶
侧孢短芽孢杆菌A60^[39]	田间土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌BS193^[40]	实验室保存	平板对峙、盆栽试验	丰原菌素、伊枯草菌素和表面活性素
枯草芽孢杆菌BS211^[41]	西瓜植株	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌BS18^[42]	辣椒根际	盆栽试验、田间试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌168、BSIP1174、BSIP1171^[43]	辣椒根际	盆栽试验	2,3-丁二醇
解淀粉芽孢杆菌B1、地衣芽孢杆菌B3、枯草芽孢杆菌B13^[44]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、幼苗培养	2,3-丁二醇
枯草芽孢杆菌^[45]	生物公司生产	盆栽试验	/
解淀粉芽孢杆菌SH-27^[25]	石珊瑚	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌AR12^[26]	大白菜根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌SM21^[26]	松树根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌SC09-21^[46]	田间土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	氨、纤维素酶、吲哚-3-乙酸、蛋白酶以及增溶磷酸钙
解淀粉芽孢杆菌IBFCBF1^[47]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/

名称	菌种来源	试验方式	被证实有效代谢产物
特基拉芽孢杆菌^[29](CNU082075)	辣椒根部	平板对峙	/
枯草芽孢杆菌R13、R33^[30]	辣椒根际	平板对峙	水解酶、氰化氢
路西法芽孢杆菌KJ2C12、KJ1R5、KJ9C8^[32]	田间土壤	根部侵染、种子实验、苗床试验、田间试验	/
解淀粉芽孢杆菌Fy11、Zy44^[19]	银杏叶片	盆栽试验	粗脂肽
芽孢杆菌分离株SB10^[31]	盐碱土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	脂肽芬荠素、伊枯草菌素和表面活性素
死谷芽孢杆菌BS07^[33]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	水杨酸
多粘类芽孢杆菌E681^[34]	微生物资源库	提取物平板拮抗、盆栽试验	镰孢菌素
爱媛类芽孢杆菌KWN38^[35]	田间土壤	盆栽试验	β-1,3葡聚糖酶
解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bg-C31^[20]	红海榄植株	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	融合蛋白
枯草芽孢杆菌HS93^[36]	辣椒根部	平板对峙、田间试验	几丁质酶
地衣芽孢杆菌LS234、LS523、LS674^[36]	辣椒根部	平板对峙、田间试验	几丁质酶
芽孢杆菌分离株BB11^[21]	生姜根际	田间试验	/
芽孢杆菌分离株FH17^[21]	甜椒植株	田间试验	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌GBR-462^[22]	人参根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
死谷芽孢杆菌ZZ185^[23]	冬青茎部	提取物平板拮抗	杆菌霉素D
解淀粉芽孢杆菌TB2^[24]	烟草茎部	提取物平板拮抗	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌TC35^[37]	田间土壤	平板对峙、田间试验	/
侧孢短芽孢杆菌B8^[38]	烟草根际	平板对峙	几丁质酶
侧孢短芽孢杆菌A60^[39]	田间土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌BS193^[40]	实验室保存	平板对峙、盆栽试验	丰原菌素、伊枯草菌素和表面活性素
枯草芽孢杆菌BS211^[41]	西瓜植株	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌BS18^[42]	辣椒根际	盆栽试验、田间试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌168、BSIP1174、BSIP1171^[43]	辣椒根际	盆栽试验	2,3-丁二醇
解淀粉芽孢杆菌B1、地衣芽孢杆菌B3、枯草芽孢杆菌B13^[44]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、幼苗培养	2,3-丁二醇
枯草芽孢杆菌^[45]	生物公司生产	盆栽试验	/
解淀粉芽孢杆菌SH-27^[25]	石珊瑚	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌AR12^[26]	大白菜根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	/
枯草芽孢杆菌SM21^[26]	松树根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验、田间试验	/
多粘类芽孢杆菌SC09-21^[46]	田间土壤	平板对峙、盆栽试验	氨、纤维素酶、吲哚-3-乙酸、蛋白酶以及增溶磷酸钙
解淀粉芽孢杆菌IBFCBF1^[47]	辣椒根际	平板对峙、盆栽试验	/