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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (13): 130-136.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0522

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

18份木姜叶柯生化成分多样性及药效成分特征研究

杨志玲1,2(), 谭梓峰1,2, 杨旭1,2, 田朝霞1   

  1. 1 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,杭州 311400
    2 浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室,杭州 311400
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-17 修回日期:2023-03-06 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 作者简介:

    杨志玲,女,1969年出生,湖南祁阳人,研究员,博士,主要从事药用植物资源选育与高效培育研究。通信地址:311400 浙江省杭州市富阳区大桥路73号,Tel:0571-63137519,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于药效为木姜叶柯引种成功评价标志及其响应UV-B辐射的机理研究”(32071785); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“民族珍贵药材木姜叶柯优质资源收集及评价”(CAFYBB2019SY016); 国家林业局科技发展中心项目“木姜叶柯遗传资源遗传多样性调查与评价”(KJZXSA202038)

Study on the Biochemical Components’ Diversity and Pharmacodynamic Components’ Characteristics of 18 Lithocarpus litseifolius Resource Accessions

YANG Zhiling1,2(), TAN Zifeng1,2, YANG Xu1,2, TIAN Zhaoxia1   

  1. 1 Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400
    2 Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311400
  • Received:2021-05-17 Revised:2023-03-06 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-04-27

摘要:

了解木姜叶柯丰富的生化成分和药效成分特征,为挖掘特异资源和选育优质特色品种提供依据。以18份木姜叶柯为供试材料,采摘春季嫩叶1芽2叶制备茶样,进行常规生化成分、营养成分和药效成分等多样性分析。结果显示,水浸出物变幅为18.20%~52.20%,水浸出物>35%的资源10份;茶多酚变幅为10.50%~21.30%,茶多酚>18.00%的资源5份;游离氨基酸变幅为0.37%~6.27%,游离氨基酸总量>2.33%的资源7份;咖啡碱变幅为0%~0.03%,咖啡碱为0%的资源4份。抗坏血酸、蛋白质、可溶性糖和还原糖变幅依次为1.25~39.7 mg/100 g、8.61%~18.00%、2.56%~9.67%和2.06%~7.74%。18份资源中总黄酮、根皮苷、三叶苷和二氢茶耳酮变幅分别为4.18~10.08、0.59~9.17、1.13~29.58、10.30~30.75 g/100 g,总黄酮、根皮苷、三叶苷及二氢茶耳酮含量高于平均值的资源分别有9、4、11、10份。以酚氨比作为木姜叶柯适制性生化指标,初选出适制绿茶的资源8份、兼制绿茶和红茶的资源7份、适制红茶的资源3份。木姜叶柯中水浸出物、茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、总黄酮、根皮苷、三叶苷、二氢茶耳酮、蛋白质、还原糖和可溶性糖等丰富了茶汤的可溶性物质和呈味物质,它们应作为木姜叶柯品质的评价指标。供试18份木姜叶柯常规生化成分、营养成分和主要药效成分变异丰富,是进一步筛选特异品种的宝贵资源。

关键词: 木姜叶柯, 甜茶, 生化成分, 营养成分, 药效成分, 品质指标

Abstract:

This paper aims to understand the characteristics of rich biochemical components and pharmacodynamic components of Lithocarpus litseifolius, and to provide a basis for mining specific resources and breeding high-quality characteristic varieties. In this study, 18 accessions of L. litseifolius were selected as test materials, from which spring tender leaves with one bud and two leaves were picked to prepare tea samples, and then, the diversity of conventional biochemical components, nutritional components and pharmacodynamic components were analyzed respectively. Its results showed that the water extract content ranged from 18.20% to 52.2%, among which 10 accessions with water extract content higher than 35%. The tea polyphenols content varied from 10.50% to 21.30%, and 5 accessions of resources had tea polyphenols >18.00%. The variation of free amino acids was from 0.37% to 6.27%, and among which 7 accessions had the total amount of free amino acids more than 2.33%. The variation range of caffeine was from 0% to 0.03%, and there were 4 accessions with caffeine of 0%. The content of ascorbic acid, protein, soluble sugar and reduced sugar ranged between 1.25 and 39.7 mg/100 g, 8.61% and 18.00%, 2.56% and 9.67%, and 2.06% and 7.74%, respectively. The variation range of total flavonoids, phloridzin, trilobatin, and dihydroaurone content were 4.18-10.08, 0.59-9.17, 1.13-29.58 and 10.30-30.75 g/100 g among the 18 resource accessions, respectively. There were 9, 4, 11 and 10 resource accessions in which the content of total flavonoids, phloridzin, trilobatin and dihydrothearone were higher than the average, individually. The ratio of phenol to ammonia could be used as a biochemical index of L. litseifolius sweet tea processing suitability. The primary selection results suggested that 8 accessions of resources were suitable materials to make green tea, 7 accessions were suitable to make black and green tea, and 3 accessions were susitable to make black tea, respectively. Besides, water extract, tea polyphenols, free amino acids, caffeine, total flavonoids, phloridzin, trilobatin, dihydrothearone, protein, reducing sugar and soluble sugar of L. litseifolius sweet tea enriched soluble and flavoring substances of tea soup, and they could be used as the evaluation indexes of sweet tea quality. And what’s more, the conventional biochemical components, nutritional components and main pharmacodynamic components of the 18 tested accessions of L. litseifolius varied significantly, and these accessions were valuable resources of further screening for specific varieties.

Key words: Lithocarpus litseifolius, sweet tea, biochemical components, nutritional components, pharmacodynamic components, quality index