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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (30): 14-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0865

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬油菜终花期及灌浆期倒伏对产量及品质的影响

姜丽霞(), 张智(), 任军荣, 杨建利, 王京宏, 缪平贵   

  1. 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心，陕西杨陵 712100
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-23 修回日期:2023-03-15 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 张智，男，1981年出生，陕西横山人，助理研究员，本科，主要从事油菜栽培技术研究。通信地址：712100 陕西省咸阳市杨凌区高干渠路西段6号，Tel：15829669020，E-mail：852827392@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:

    姜丽霞，女，1991年出生，甘肃渭源人，研究实习员，硕士，主要从事作物栽培与保护研究。通信地址：712100 陕西省咸阳市杨凌区高干渠路西段6号，Tel：15102857830，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    杨凌种业创新中心重点研发项目“杂交油菜高效制种技术研究集成与新品种试验示范”(YIzy-yc2021-04); 陕西省科技创新平台项目“陕西油菜科技创新试验示范站”(2021XYSF-07)

Effects of Lodging on Yield and Quality of Winter Rapeseed at the Flowering Ending and Grain Filling Stage

JIANG Lixia(), ZHANG Zhi(), REN Junrong, YANG Jianli, WANG Jinghong, MIAO Pinggui   

  1. Hybrid RapeSeed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100
  • Received:2022-10-23 Revised:2023-03-15 Published-:2023-10-25 Online:2023-10-19

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摘要：

为了研究不同生育期倒伏对冬油菜产量和品质造成的影响，以‘陕油28’为材料，在终花期和灌浆期人工模拟茎倒伏和根倒伏处理，测定倒伏后的干物质积累量、产量和品质，并计算菌核病发生率。结果表明，倒伏后除FR处理干物质积累量一直降低外，其他处理干物质积累量先降低后升高；茎秆所占干物质积累量显著增加，叶片和角果所占干物质积累量显著降低；终花期根倒伏(FR)、终花期茎倒伏(FS)、灌浆期根倒伏(GR)和灌浆期茎倒伏(GS)的产量分别比对照减产50.28%、18.90%、41.24%和9.79%；倒伏后含油量降低，其中FR、GR分别降低7.64%、6.46%；同时期根倒伏菌核病发病率显著高于对照，而茎倒伏与对照差异不显著。同一倒伏类型，终花期倒伏较灌浆期影响大；同一倒伏时期，根倒伏较茎倒伏影响更大。

关键词: 冬油菜, 根倒伏, 茎倒伏, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of lodging at different growing stages on the yield and quality of winter rapeseed, using ‘Shanyou 28’ as experimental material, dry matter, yield and quality were measured, and the sclerotioum disease incidence rate was calculated after lodging. The stem lodging and root lodging were implemented by kicking down the rapeseed plants artificially at the flowering ending stage and the grain filling stage. The results showed that after lodging, dry matter accumulation in all other treatments was decreased first and then increased, except that the FR treatment was consistently decreased. Dry matter accumulation of stem was significantly increased, while dry matter accumulation of leaf and pod was significantly decreased. The yield of root lodging at the flowering ending stage (FR), stem lodging at the flowering ending stage (FS), root lodging at the grain filling stage (GR) and stem lodging at the grain filling stage (GS) decreased by 50.28%, 18.90%, 41.24%, and 9.79% compared to the CK, respectively. The oil content of rapeseed was decreased after lodging, and the reduction ranges of FR and GR were 7.64%, 6.46%, respectively. The sclerotioum disease incidence rate of root lodging treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, but it was insignificant with stem lodging treatment. Comprehensively, for the same lodging type, lodging at flowering ending stage had more negative effects than that at grain filling stage. At the same lodging period, root lodging had a greater impact than stem lodging.

Key words: winter rapeseed, root lodging, stem lodging, yield, quality