Abstract: The use of hyperspectral can conduct quantitative inversion on soil organic matter content, which is an important indicator of soil fertility, and then provide a reference for the rapid determination of surface soil organic matter content of accurate agricultural. The author conducted the spectral measurements on treated soil samples under laboratory conditions by using the spectroradiometer-U.S.ASD FieldSpec FR, established the multiple regression relationship model between the soil spectral variables and soil organic matter content through the correlation analysis between the different variations of the spectral reflectance of the soil samples and the organic matter content of the soil. The results showed that: the soil organic matter content inversed regression model, which was established by employing the first-order differential spectral reflectance at the wavelength of 492 nm, 663 nm, 1221 nm, 1317 nm, 1835 nm and 2130 nm, possessed the best prediction accuracy, the coefficient of determination R2 was 0.909. The established hyperspectral inversion model of the soil organic matter content could predict the soil organic matter content with the most accurate, and it also provide a new approach for the rapid determination of soil organic matter content of precision agriculture.