Differences of Photosynthetic and Physiological Characteristics of Leaves

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080048

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of canopy temperature depression (CTD) and photosynthetic as well as physiological characteristics of early inbred rice varieties with different canopy temperatures, whereby providing theoretical bases for rapid screening of elite germplasms and making reasonable cultivation measures. Using three low and high canopy temperature varieties grown under the same condition of cultivation and management measures, the present study determined the canopy and atmospheric temperature at booting and heading stages, and investigated photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll relative content (SPAD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) activities, the contents of malonaldehyde, soluble sugars and soluble proteins, and then examined the relationship between CTD and leaf photosynthesis and physiological characteristics. Results showed that compared with high canopy temperature varieties, low canopy temperature varieties had higher net photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, transpiration rates, higher contents of soluble sugars and chlorophyll, and greater activities of SOD, CAT, and POD, lower malonaldehyde content, but had no significant difference in soluble proteins. Correlation analysis indicated that CTD was significantly and positively related with net photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance and transpiration rates of the flag leaf, negatively correlated with the concentration of intercellular CO₂, but not significantly. Canopy temperature depression was significantly and positively correlated with the content of soluble sugars, the SPAD value, and the activity of SOD, but was significantly and negatively correlated with the content of malonaldehyde.

CLC Number:

S314

References

[1] 秦大河,Thomas Stocker. IPCC第五次评估报告第一工作组报告的亮点结论[J].气候变化研究进展,2014(1):1-6.
[2] 田小海,罗海伟,周恒多,等.中国水稻热害研究历史、进展与展望[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(22):166-168.
[3] 王志刚,王磊,林海,等.水稻高温热害及耐热性研究进展[J].中国稻米,2013,19(1):27-31.
[4] 张嵩午.小麦温型现象研究[J].应用生态学报,1997,8(5):471-474.
[5] 韩磊,王长发,王建,等.棉花冠层温度分异现象及其生理特性的研究[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(3):85-88.
[6] 李永平,王长发,赵丽,等, 不同基因型大豆冠层冷温现象的研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(11): 80-83,89.
[7] Fan T L, Balta M, Rudd J, et al. Canopy temperature depression as a potential selection criterion for drought resistance in wheat[J]. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2005,4(10):793-800.
[8] Karimizadeh R, Mohammadi M. Association of canopy temperature depression with yield of durum wheat genotypes under supplementary irrigated and rainfed conditions[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2011,5(2) 138-146.
[9] Pradhan G P, Xue Q, Jessup K E, et al. Cooler Canopy Contributes to Higher Yield and Drought Tolerance in New Wheat Cultivars[J]. Crop Science. 2014,54:2275-2284.
[10] 张嵩午,冯佰利,王长发,等.小麦冷源及其在干旱条件下的适应性[J].生态学报,2003,23(12):2558-2564.
[11] 冯佰利,高小丽,赵琳,等.干旱条件下小麦冠层温度及其性状的关联研究[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(5):508-512.
[12] 周春菊,张嵩午,王林权.不同施肥条件下冷、暖型小麦旗叶光合生理特性的研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(12):2511-2516.
[13] 高明超.水稻冠层温度特性及基于冠层温度的水分胁迫指数研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2013.
[14] 高继平,韩亚东,王晓通,等.水稻齐穗期冠层温度分异及其相关特性的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2011,42(4):399-405.
[15] 陈佳,张文忠,赵晓彤,等.水稻灌浆期冠-气温差与土壤水分和气象因子的关系[J].江苏农业科学,2009(2):284-285,314.
[16] 毕永基,彭春花,黄山,等.不同基因型早籼稻气冠温差的差异及其与产量的关系[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(21):9-15.
[17] 李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[18] 张嵩午,王长发,周春菊,等.冠层温度中间型小麦及其性状特征[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(3):40-45.
[19] 张嵩午,王长发,周纯菊,等.冷型小麦的表观特征及其和代谢功能的关联[J].华北农学报,1999,14(3):42-48.
[20] 赵丽,王长发,李永平,等.不同温型大豆与其叶片生理性状的关系研究[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(3):150-154.
[21] 于春阳,王长发,邵晓蕾.冷型花生光合生理特性研究[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(5):94-99.
[22] 胡单,王长发.大麦冠层温度及其与光合性能的关联[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(2):62-67.
[23] 秦晓威,王长发,任学敏,等. 谷子冠层温度分异现象及其生理特性研究[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(2):101-105.