Effects on Leaf Physiological Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Dry Seeding Rice: Water-saving Irrigation and Conventional Irrigation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19030042

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the effects of different irrigation methods on yield and quality of direct seeding rice, three rice cultivars were used as test materials under dry direct seeding field cultivation mode. Two methods of conventional and water-saving irrigation were set up. The indexes of direct seeding rice leaf photosynthesis, grain yield, quality and so on were analyzed. The results showed that compared with conventional irrigation, the water-saving irrigation decreased the chlorophyll content and water content of flag leaf by 3.66% and 4.37%, increased the photosynthetic rate of flag leaf and rice yield at the middle and late stage of grain filling by 5.78% and 5.69%. The effect of different irrigation modes on rice quality was varied among the cultivars. For ‘Xindao567’and ‘Xindao568’, water-saving irrigation reduced the quality of rice processing and taste by 6.21% and 3.84% respectively, increased the chalky grain rate and chalkiness by 18.9% and 5.37% respectively. For ‘Xinkedao31’, water-saving irrigation increased the quality of rice processing by 3.4%, decreased the chalky grain rate and chalkiness by 19.59% and 27.84% respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the relationship between leaf moisture content and photosynthetic rate was positive, the relationship among yield, quality and photosynthetic rate varied with different grain-filling periods. The yield and processing quality of rice could be improved, but the appearance and taste quality of rice decreased as the photosynthetic rate of the middle and late grain filling stage increasing. In conclusion, rice yield could be increased by water-saving irrigation, but the rice quality regulation varied by cultivars. Setting different soil irrigation water potential standards according to cultivar is of significance to the development of water-saving direct seeding rice production and the improvement of water use efficiency in rice field.

Key words: rice, dry direct seeding, water saving irrigation, conventional irrigation, yield, quality

CLC Number:

S511

Yin Chunyuan, Wang Shuyu, Liu Hemei, Sun Jianquan, Hu Xiuming, Wang Hele, Tian Fanghui, Ma Chaoyang, Zhang Xu, Zhang Ruiping, Ma Xiaohong. Effects on Leaf Physiological Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Dry Seeding Rice: Water-saving Irrigation and Conventional Irrigation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(18): 1-9.

Figures/Tables 8

References 35

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品种	处理	花后天数
品种	处理	6 d	12 d	18 d	24 d	30 d	36 d
新稻567	CK	62.804	56.747	55.269	56.701	57.447	57.214
新稻567	SW	59.190	56.677	54.865	56.631	55.076	49.758
新稻568	CK	60.234	59.930	58.640	58.095	60.279	53.845
新稻568	SW	60.107	56.504	57.486	56.659	55.023	49.456
新科稻31	CK	63.125	61.080	59.213	59.243	61.187	52.897
新科稻31	SW	60.246	57.508	59.097	53.860	56.199	53.494

品种	处理	花后天数
品种	处理	6 d	12 d	18 d	24 d	30 d	36 d
新稻567	CK	62.804	56.747	55.269	56.701	57.447	57.214
新稻567	SW	59.190	56.677	54.865	56.631	55.076	49.758
新稻568	CK	60.234	59.930	58.640	58.095	60.279	53.845
新稻568	SW	60.107	56.504	57.486	56.659	55.023	49.456
新科稻31	CK	63.125	61.080	59.213	59.243	61.187	52.897
新科稻31	SW	60.246	57.508	59.097	53.860	56.199	53.494

光合速率	叶片含水率				回归方程	P值
光合速率	顶一叶	顶二叶	顶三叶	顶四叶	回归方程	P值
新稻567	0.379	0.419	0.593	0.631	光合速率=-11.839-0.236顶一叶+0.377顶三叶+0.229*顶四叶	0.188
新稻568	0.537	0.639	0.411	0.678	光合速率=-22.917+0.286顶一叶+0.464顶二叶-0.384顶三叶+0.258顶四叶	0.075
新科稻31	0.292	0.561	0.531	0.436	光合速率=-9.743-0.469顶一叶+0.305顶二叶+0.526*顶三叶	0.294

光合速率	叶片含水率				回归方程	P值
光合速率	顶一叶	顶二叶	顶三叶	顶四叶	回归方程	P值
新稻567	0.379	0.419	0.593	0.631	光合速率=-11.839-0.236顶一叶+0.377顶三叶+0.229*顶四叶	0.188
新稻568	0.537	0.639	0.411	0.678	光合速率=-22.917+0.286顶一叶+0.464顶二叶-0.384顶三叶+0.258顶四叶	0.075
新科稻31	0.292	0.561	0.531	0.436	光合速率=-9.743-0.469顶一叶+0.305顶二叶+0.526*顶三叶	0.294

品种	处理	穗数	穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g	实际产量/(t/hm²)
新稻567	CK	352.518	155	95.195	20.4	10.591Aa
新稻567	SW	484.975	130	90.707	19	10.82Aa
新稻568	CK	425.027	132	90.789	19.6	8.93Aa
新稻568	SW	447.525	143	90.950	19.2	9.49Aa
新科稻31	CK	457.527	115	95.028	22.4	9.84Aa
新科稻31	SW	435.022	121	87.790	23.6	10.10Aa