Abstract:

Huanghuai wheat region is seriously short of water resources. Per capita and per hectare water resource in the region are far lower than the national average. To solve the problems, the most economical and effective technical measure is to breed good dryland wheat varieties with drought and heat resistance. In this study, about 500 samples of dryland wheat germplasm resources were collected. With ecological index observation and molecular level detection, the core parents with excellent traits and high heritability were screened out. Using these core parents, conventional hybridization was adopted as the main breeding method combining with molecular marker-assisted selection; ecological breeding was combined with shuttle breeding; morphological characteristics, fertility characteristics were combined with instrument index test. Then, the stress resistance, water saving, high quality performance and high yield potential of the progeny materials were comprehensively evaluated. ‘Yunhan 137’ (Jinshen wheat 2016004) and ‘Yunhan 139-1’ (Jinshen wheat 20170004), the two new dryland wheat varieties with drought and heat resistance and some intermediate materials with rich genetic basis as well as special good characters were developed. Among them, ‘Yungan 1411-2’, ‘Yungan 1512’, ‘Yungan 1818’, ‘Yungan 1816’ and ‘Yungan 139-2’' have participated in various regional trials.

Key words: dry-land wheat, variety, core parents, hybridization, drought-resistant and heat-resistant