Age and Growth Characteristics of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the Main Stream of Songhua River

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0184

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the growth characteristics of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in Songhua River and provide basic information for fishery resource management, 335 individuals were sampled in 6 stations along Songhua River from June to October in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Age was determined by the scale annuli, and body length and body weight of different ages were back-calculated. Keys formula and Von Bertalanffy growth equation were used to analyze the growth of body length and body weight. According to the growth characteristic index, the growth of silver carp in Songhua River and other waters was analyzed. Results showed that no significant difference of growth was found in male and female individuals. The growth formula of body length and body weight of silver carp in the main stream of Songhua River was $L_t=74.555*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) } ];W_t=7006.927*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) }]^{3.0894}$, respectively. The growth rate curve of body length had no inflexion, the growth rate of body length declined as the age increased. The growth rate curve of body weight had an inflexion, and the age, body length and body weight corresponding to the inflexion was 4.485 years, 50.42 cm and 2095.12 g, respectively. The results of comparative analysis showed that the age and the body size of silver carp in Songhua River were larger than those in Yangtze River, but its growth rate was slower. Therefore, the growth of silver carp is not only affected by the genetic factors among different populations, but also by the water temperature of the habitat and the biological density of food organisms.

Key words: Songhua River, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, age, growth

CLC Number:

Wang Jilong, Liu Wei, Li Peilun, Lu Wanqiao, Tang Fujiang. Age and Growth Characteristics of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the Main Stream of Songhua River[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(32): 140-146.

Figures/Tables 8

References 42

[1]	李思忠, 方芳. 鲢,鳙,青,草鱼地理分布的研究[J]. 动物学报, 1990,36(3):244-250.
[2]	李思发, 周碧云, 倪重匡, 等.长江,珠江,黑龙江鲢,鳙和草鱼原种种群形态差异[J]. 动物学报, 1989,35(4):390-398.
[3]	李思发, 吴力钊, 王强, 等.长江,珠江,黑龙江鲢,鳙,草鱼种质资源研究[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1990: 28-39.
[4]	杨富亿, 阎百兴, 王强, 等. 松花江下游鱼类资源评估[J]. 湿地科学, 2015,13(1):87-97.
[5]	Beamish R J, Mcfarlane G A. The forgotten requirement forage validation in fisheries biology[J]. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 1983,112(6):735-743.
[6]	殷名称. 鱼类生态学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1995.
[7]	胡海彦, 张宪中, 曹晓东, 等. 蠡湖鲢鳙鱼生长的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2010,26(6):337-339.
[8]	牟洪民, 姚俊杰, 马珊, 等. 贵阳市红枫湖鲢、鳙鱼年龄结构及生长研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 2012(3):122-125.
[9]	朱峰跃, 刘家寿, 李钟杰, 等.傀儡湖鲢, 鳙的生长特性及渔业利用[J]. 淡水渔业, 2013,43(2):32-35.
[10]	魏宪芸, 顾静, 张名全, 等. 上海市江心水库鲢,鳙年龄结构及生长特性[J]. 上海海洋大学学报, 2019,28(1):49-57.
[11]	于红霞, 唐文乔, 李思发. 长江老江河国家级四大家鱼原种场鲢的生长特征[J]. 动物学杂志, 2009,44(2):21-27.
[12]	熊飞, 刘红艳, 段辛斌, 等. 长江上游江津江段鲢种群的年龄和生长特征[J]. 西南大学学报:自然科学版, 2013,35(3):28-35.
[13]	张觉民, 何志辉. 内陆水域渔业自然资源调查手册[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1991.
[14]	王应天, 戚爱光, 戴荣禧, 等. 白鲢和花鲢年龄的鉴定[J]. 科学通报, 1960,(4):120-121
[15]	Lea E. On the methods used in herring investigations[J]. Publications de Circonstance Conseil Permanent International pour Exploration de la Mer, 1910,53:7-174.
[16]	Bertalanffy LV. A quantitative theory of organic growth (Inquiries on growth laws (2)[J]. Human Biology, 1938,10:181-213.
[17]	Pauly D, Munro JL. Once more on growth comparison in fish and invertebrates[J]. Fishbyte, 1984,2:21-23.
[18]	Chen Y, Jackson D A, Harvey H H. A comparison of von Bertalanffy and polynomial functions in the modeling fish growth data[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1992,49(6):1228-1235.
[19]	Xiong F, Chen D Q, Wang K, et al. Status of research on Yangtze fish biology and fisheries[J]. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2009,85(4):337-357.
[20]	吕国庆, 李思发. 长江天鹅洲故道鲢、鳙、草鱼和青鱼种群特征与数量变动的初步研究[J]. 上海水产大学学报, 1993,2(1):6-16.
[21]	余海英. 长江上游珍稀、特有鱼类国家级自然保护区浮游植物和浮游动物种类分布和数量研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学, 2008.
[22]	黄木桂, 钟鸣远, 邱顺林, 等. 老江河浮游植物及鱼产力的初步估算[J]. 淡水渔业, 1996,26(5):11-13.
[23]	刘俊利, 熊邦喜, 吕光俊. 金沙河水库鲢、鳙生长特征及起捕规格的研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2012,21(1):35-39.
[24]	吕光俊, 熊邦喜, 陈朋. 华中地区4座不同类型水库浮游植物的群落结构和多样性[J]. 中国水产科学, 2012,19(4):690-699.
[25]	于洪贤, 柴方营, 邢东华. 泥河水库鲢、鳙鱼生长规律的研究[J]. 水产学杂志, 2000,13(2):58-62.
[26]	陈金平, 董崇智, 夏重志, 等. 泥河水库饵料生物和鱼产潜力的估算[J]. 黑龙江水产, 1999(4):9-11.
[27]	赵宝林, 李德明, 皱桂芝, 等. 红旗泡水库鲢鳙鱼的年龄与生长[J]. 黑龙江水产, 1990,76(2):21-25.
[28]	高孜娟. 西泉眼水库鲢鱼鳙鱼生长及其生态效应研究[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学, 2012.
[29]	王建国. 西泉眼水库浮游植物群落结构动态特征及其与水环境因子的关系分析[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学, 2011.
[30]	严朝晖, 史为良. 大伙房水库鲢鳙的生长及生长模型[J]. 水产学报, 1995,19(1):28-34.
[31]	李九奇, 史为良. 汤河水库鲢鳙生长及其资源利用[J]. 大连水产学院学报, 1999,14(4):57-61.
[32]	邱春刚, 刘丙阳, 刘景祯, 等. 汤河水库的浮游生物与鲢鳙生产潜力估算[J]. 水产科学, 2000,19(3):27-28.
[33]	姜志强, 秦克静, 杨树葳, 等. 碧流河水库鲢,鳙的年龄,生长和资源量的研究[J]. 大连水产学院学报, 1994,9(3):8-14.
[34]	王继隆, 刘伟, 唐富江, 等. 五大连池鲢的生长特性及其影响因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015,34(11):3221-3227.
[35]	李国平, 陈立婧.上海青草沙水库浮游生物的动态变化和鲢, 鳙鱼产潜力估算[J].水产科技情报, 2017(44): 6, 296-299.
[36]	李晓钰, 于洪贤, 马成学. 松花江哈尔滨段浮游植物群落典范对应分析及多样性分析[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2013,41(10):103-107.
[37]	李思发, 王强, 陈永乐 .长江, 珠江, 黑龙江三水系的鲢,鳙,草鱼原种种群的生化遗传结构与变异[J]. 水产学报, 1986,10(4):351-372.
[38]	姬长虹, 谷晶晶, 毛瑞鑫, 等 .长江, 珠江, 黑龙江水系野生鲢遗传多样性的微卫星分析[J]. 水产学报, 2009,33(3):364-371.
[39]	郝振林, 唐雪娇, 丁君, 等. 不同高温水平对虾夷扇贝存活率、耗氧率和体腔液免疫酶活力的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2014,33(6):1580-1586.
[40]	梁君, 虞宝存, 毕远新, 等. 中街山列岛海域厚壳贻贝生物学特征及生长规律[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015,34(2):471-476.
[41]	Yamahira K, David O C. Intra- vs. interspecific latitudinal variation in growth: adaptation to temperature or seasonality?[J] Ecology, 2002,83(5):1252-1262.
[42]	Angilletta M J, Jr Sears S M W. Temperature, Growth Rate, and Body Size in Ectotherms: Fitting Pieces of a Life-History Puzzle[J]. Integrative & Comparative Biology, 2004,44(6):498-509. doi: 10.1093/icb/44.6.498 URL pmid: 21676736

年份	年龄组	体长均值/cm	体质量均值/g	样本量
2018—2019	1	18.2±2.4	96.5±38.4	23
	2	35.7±6.3	721.9±320.9	10
	3	41.2±3.7	1052.6±243.0	23
	4	48.5±5.2	1880.4±584.9	25
	5	56.4±3.3	2863.1±518.5	24
	6	60.4±2.7	3594.4±499.0	70
	7	62.1±2.4	4086.1±420.2	89
	8	64.2±2.5	4603.8±468.9	62
	9	65.3±3.2	5124.1±455.0	8
	10	72.2	6122.8	1

年份	年龄组	体长均值/cm	体质量均值/g	样本量
2018—2019	1	18.2±2.4	96.5±38.4	23
	2	35.7±6.3	721.9±320.9	10
	3	41.2±3.7	1052.6±243.0	23
	4	48.5±5.2	1880.4±584.9	25
	5	56.4±3.3	2863.1±518.5	24
	6	60.4±2.7	3594.4±499.0	70
	7	62.1±2.4	4086.1±420.2	89
	8	64.2±2.5	4603.8±468.9	62
	9	65.3±3.2	5124.1±455.0	8
	10	72.2	6122.8	1

性别	年龄组	平均实测体长/cm	平均退算体长/cm								样本数
性别	年龄组	平均实测体长/cm	L₁	L₂	L₃	L₄	L₅	L₆	L₇	L₈	样本数
雌性	6	62.97	15.64	29.08	41.98	49.92	57.60				15
	7	63.35	15.84	28.03	38.93	46.24	52.31	59.37			29
	8	65.40	14.72	25.20	35.15	43.66	50.27	56.45	61.54		28
	9	66.03	10.88	20.64	34.85	44.90	50.19	54.46	61.75	62.29	5
雄性	5	57.49	16.33	30.52	42.78	53.21					19
	6	60.58	14.68	28.77	39.78	49.16	55.79				28
	7	62.24	14.51	28.05	37.56	46.07	53.21	58.44			26
	8	62.93	14.95	25.87	36.24	43.65	48.72	54.22	59.18		6

性别	年龄组	平均实测体长/cm	平均退算体长/cm								样本数
性别	年龄组	平均实测体长/cm	L₁	L₂	L₃	L₄	L₅	L₆	L₇	L₈	样本数
雌性	6	62.97	15.64	29.08	41.98	49.92	57.60				15
	7	63.35	15.84	28.03	38.93	46.24	52.31	59.37			29
	8	65.40	14.72	25.20	35.15	43.66	50.27	56.45	61.54		28
	9	66.03	10.88	20.64	34.85	44.90	50.19	54.46	61.75	62.29	5
雄性	5	57.49	16.33	30.52	42.78	53.21					19
	6	60.58	14.68	28.77	39.78	49.16	55.79				28
	7	62.24	14.51	28.05	37.56	46.07	53.21	58.44			26
	8	62.93	14.95	25.87	36.24	43.65	48.72	54.22	59.18		6

年龄	理论体长/cm	体长相对增长率G_L/%	生长指标C_L	理论体长/g	体质量相对增长率G_W/%
1	15.25	-	-	52.24	-
2	28.74	88.43	1.73	369.33	606.94
3	39.16	36.26	1.04	959.80	159.88
4	47.21	20.56	0.69	1709.36	78.10
5	53.43	13.18	0.48	2504.70	46.53
6	58.23	8.99	0.34	3267.48	30.45
7	61.94	6.38	0.25	3954.29	21.02
8	64.81	4.63	0.19	4547.26	15.00
9	67.03	3.42	0.14	5044.52	10.94