Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Soil Nitrogen Residue and the Following Crops Under Wheat-maize Rotation System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0410

Abstract

Abstract:

To determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on soil nitrogen residue and the following crops under wheat-maize rotation system, in the present study, different nitrogen fertilizer levels and application stages were set in both mortar black and sandy loam soils. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the yield and the accumulation of nitrogen in soil at the ripe stage. Backward nitrogen application could increase soil nitrogen residue, especially the proportion in upper soil. Residual soil nitrogen could increase the yield of the following crops without the application of nitrogen fertilizer, however there was no effect under normal nitrogen application. There was significant difference between mortar black soil and sandy loam soil. At the ripe stage, the accumulation of nitrogen in mortar black soil was more than that in sandy loam soil, especially the distribution in upper layer of soil. The following crops had higher yield in mortar black soil under no nitrogen fertilizer application, but the yield increase in sandy loam soil is significantly higher with nitrogen fertilizer application on the following crops. The results indicate that residual soil nitrogen could increase the yield of the following crops, but that could be eliminated by nitrogen application.

Key words: wheat, maize, soil nitrogen residue, sandy loam soil, mortar black soil

CLC Number:

S318

Wang Ping, Yin Fuwei, Li Pinghai, Yan Baoluo, Zong Yan, Li Fang, Liu Xiangpan, Hou Wei. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Soil Nitrogen Residue and the Following Crops Under Wheat-maize Rotation System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(15): 63-71.

Figures/Tables 8

References 25

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年份	处理	千粒重/g	穗粒数/粒	产量/(kg/hm²)
2015—2016年（泰山区）	T₁	36.25 b	37.65 b	4882.69 b
	T₂	41.94 a	43.05 a	6916.09 a
	T₃	42.21 a	44.78 a	6836.38 a
	T₄	43.06 a	44.28 a	6865.54 a
2016—2017年（泰山区）	T₁	35.96 c	38.74 c	5034.75 b
	T₂	43.52 b	44.04 ab	7695.51 a
	T₃	45.49 ab	46.06 a	7601.65 a
	T₄	46.07 a	45.76 a	7631.91 a
2016—2017年（肥城市）	T₁	44.04 b	42.23 c	6021.25 c
	T₂	45.15 a	44.73 b	7631.50 a
	T₃	45.76 a	47.02 a	7535.91 a
	T₄	46.35 a	45.19 b	7027.42 b

年份	处理	千粒重/g	穗粒数/粒	产量/(kg/hm²)
2015—2016年（泰山区）	T₁	36.25 b	37.65 b	4882.69 b
	T₂	41.94 a	43.05 a	6916.09 a
	T₃	42.21 a	44.78 a	6836.38 a
	T₄	43.06 a	44.28 a	6865.54 a
2016—2017年（泰山区）	T₁	35.96 c	38.74 c	5034.75 b
	T₂	43.52 b	44.04 ab	7695.51 a
	T₃	45.49 ab	46.06 a	7601.65 a
	T₄	46.07 a	45.76 a	7631.91 a
2016—2017年（肥城市）	T₁	44.04 b	42.23 c	6021.25 c
	T₂	45.15 a	44.73 b	7631.50 a
	T₃	45.76 a	47.02 a	7535.91 a
	T₄	46.35 a	45.19 b	7027.42 b

年份	处理	穗粒数/(粒/穗)		千粒重/g		穗数/(穗/hm²)		产量/(kg/hm²)
年份	处理	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮
2016年（泰山区）	T₁	459.96 b	523.39 a	287.22 a	317.69 a	61639.5 b	65448.0 a	6844.8 b	9336.9 a
	T₂	468.63 ab	514.00 a	278.83 a	322.71 a	61896.3 b	64451.7 a	6979.8 ab	9365.4 a
	T₃	479.96 a	531.06 a	281.39 a	321.00 a	63016.6 a	64713.5 a	7145.7 a	9412.7 a
	T₄	472.06 a	517.20 a	282.48 a	314.52 a	63202.6 a	64726.1 a	7264.2 a	9249.3 a
2017年（泰山区）	T₁	427.70 a	510.60 a	309.70 a	339.40 a	59610.0 a	65145.0 a	6482.6 b	9808.3 a
	T₂	428.80 a	521.80 a	298.20 b	338.50 a	61425.0 a	64035.0 a	6522.0 a	9888.1 a
	T₃	430.60 a	512.30 a	301.40 ab	343.48 a	61500.0 a	63915.0 a	6663.1 a	9683.0 b
	T₄	431.30 a	526.60 a	307.48 a	341.04 a	61740.0 a	64095.0 a	6571.2 a	9746.4 ab
2017年（肥城市）	T₁	528.72 a	566.45 a	307.45 a	317.63 b	63155.8 a	65357.9 a	8730.3 b	9571.9 a
	T₂	519.93 a	550.34 a	312.22 a	316.79 b	63072.4 a	65699.7 a	8794.7 ab	9638.6 a
	T₃	523.69 a	556.72 a	309.59 a	325.16 a	64045.2 a	65983.2 a	8891.4 a	9367.8 b
	T₄	526.79 a	560.83 a	310.18 a	324.23 a	64526.2 a	65800.4 a	9002.1 a	96120.0 a

年份	处理	穗粒数/(粒/穗)		千粒重/g		穗数/(穗/hm²)		产量/(kg/hm²)
年份	处理	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮	不追氮	追氮
2016年（泰山区）	T₁	459.96 b	523.39 a	287.22 a	317.69 a	61639.5 b	65448.0 a	6844.8 b	9336.9 a
	T₂	468.63 ab	514.00 a	278.83 a	322.71 a	61896.3 b	64451.7 a	6979.8 ab	9365.4 a
	T₃	479.96 a	531.06 a	281.39 a	321.00 a	63016.6 a	64713.5 a	7145.7 a	9412.7 a
	T₄	472.06 a	517.20 a	282.48 a	314.52 a	63202.6 a	64726.1 a	7264.2 a	9249.3 a
2017年（泰山区）	T₁	427.70 a	510.60 a	309.70 a	339.40 a	59610.0 a	65145.0 a	6482.6 b	9808.3 a
	T₂	428.80 a	521.80 a	298.20 b	338.50 a	61425.0 a	64035.0 a	6522.0 a	9888.1 a
	T₃	430.60 a	512.30 a	301.40 ab	343.48 a	61500.0 a	63915.0 a	6663.1 a	9683.0 b
	T₄	431.30 a	526.60 a	307.48 a	341.04 a	61740.0 a	64095.0 a	6571.2 a	9746.4 ab
2017年（肥城市）	T₁	528.72 a	566.45 a	307.45 a	317.63 b	63155.8 a	65357.9 a	8730.3 b	9571.9 a
	T₂	519.93 a	550.34 a	312.22 a	316.79 b	63072.4 a	65699.7 a	8794.7 ab	9638.6 a
	T₃	523.69 a	556.72 a	309.59 a	325.16 a	64045.2 a	65983.2 a	8891.4 a	9367.8 b
	T₄	526.79 a	560.83 a	310.18 a	324.23 a	64526.2 a	65800.4 a	9002.1 a	96120.0 a

年份	处理	穗粒数/(粒/穗)	千粒重/g	穗数/(穗/hm²)	产量/(kg/hm²)
2016年（泰山区）	T_Ⅰ	487.67 b	284.99 b	57178.97 b	6905.03 c
	T_Ⅱ	522.62 a	315.12 a	64411.19 a	9822.72 b
	T_Ⅲ	529.24 a	321.83 a	65230.83 a	10116.12 a
	T_Ⅳ	502.31 ab	333.44 a	65171.24 a	9709.58 b
2017年（泰山区）	T_Ⅰ	440.96 b	307.23 c	60166.35 b	7006.95 c
	T_Ⅱ	515.61 a	342.72 b	65459.25 a	9832.20 b
	T_Ⅲ	516.66 a	351.82 a	66003.60 a	10777.80 a
	T_Ⅳ	501.56 a	353.18 a	66191.40 a	8726.10 b
2017年（肥城市）	T_Ⅰ	532.69 b	310.4 b	63262.80 a	9218.10 b
	T_Ⅱ	585.02 a	330.25 a	65574.30 a	10220.70 a
	T_Ⅲ	589.77 a	325.52 ab	66016.35 a	10143.30 a
	T_Ⅳ	577.41 a	338.58 a	65838.75 a	9016.80 a