Rapid Sampling Inspection of Seedling Index and Downy Mildew of Cucumber Plug Seedlings Produced in Beijing, Hebei and Shandong

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0551

Abstract

Abstract:

The purpose of the research is to explore the rapid detection method of the quality of cucumber intensive plug commercial seedlings, and provide references for the formation of qualitative standards for commercial seedlings of cucumber and the early isolation and prevention of diseases in its seedling stage. A total of 70 commercial cucumber plug seedlings produced in intensive nursery farms in Beijing, Hebei and Shandong were sampled for systematic detection of physiological indexes such as plant height, stem diameter, dry/ fresh weight and seedling index. At the same time, PCR detection was carried out for downy mildew, which seriously affected the production and trading of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that the average seedling index of 55 samples collected in Beijing was 0.078, and the detection rate of downy mildew was 34.55%; the average seedling index of 10 samples collected in Hebei was 0.079, and the detection rate of downy mildew was 80.00%; the average seedling index of 5 samples collected in Shandong was 0.101, and the detection rate of downy mildew was 20.00%. In addition, it was found that the correlation between root dry weight and the seedling index of cucumber commercial seedlings was as high as 0.995 and showed a significantly positive correlation, which could be used as a reliable basis for rapid evaluating the morphological and physiological quality of commercial cucumber seedlings. Meanwhile, PCR technology could be used as an important means for early evaluation of the health quality of commercial seedlings. This study can provide a scientific basis for rapid and accurate evaluation of cucumber seedling quality and quality control, as well as for the quality evaluation of other vegetable seedlings.

Key words: intensive seedling, cucumber, quality evaluation, seedling index, downy mildew

CLC Number:

S604+.3

Zhao Liqun, Tian Yanan, Cao Lingling, Cao Caihong. Rapid Sampling Inspection of Seedling Index and Downy Mildew of Cucumber Plug Seedlings Produced in Beijing, Hebei and Shandong[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(19): 47-51.

Figures/Tables 5

References 26

[1]	陈殿奎. 我国蔬菜育苗的现状问题及发展趋势[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2000(6):1-3.
[2]	张真和, 马兆红. 我国设施蔬菜产业概况与“十三五”发展重点[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2017(5):1-5.
[3]	马韬, 曾凤, 车亚莉, 等. 山东省蔬菜集约化育苗现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2018(4):11-14.
[4]	全国农业技术推广服务中心, 中国农业大学, 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所. NY/T 2119—2012,蔬菜穴盘育苗通则[S]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2012: 4.
[5]	赵义平, 刘爱华. 蔬菜工厂化育苗技术[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2017: 162,289-290.
[6]	李晓丹, 朱富春. 蔬菜育苗常见问题与防治对策[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2013(9):47-48.
[7]	尚庆茂. 种子研发与集约化育苗双管齐下共筑蔬菜产业现代化未来——2011中国蔬菜产业高峰论坛精彩内容(下)[J]. 蔬菜, 2011(9):1-3.
[8]	熊艳, 王鹤冰, 向华丰, 等. 黄瓜霜霉病研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(1):130-135.
[9]	朱金英, 王友平, 郭平银, 等. 黄瓜霜霉病研究进展[J]. 北方园艺, 2008(4):74-78.
[10]	Voglmayr H. Phylogenetic relationships of Peronospora and related genera based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences[J]. Mycological Research, 2003, 107(10):1132-1142. doi: 10.1017/S0953756203008438 URL
[11]	何从亮, 甘小虎, 毛久庚, 等. 矮壮素对工厂化黄瓜苗质量的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2013, 41(2):149-151.
[12]	张志刚, 董春娟, 台连丽, 等. 基质养分添加量对黄瓜穴盘苗成苗质量的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2016, 29(8):1973-1976.
[13]	赵瑞, 张玉龙, 须晖, 等. 保水剂在蔬菜基质育苗中的应用研究(I)保水剂对黄瓜穴盘苗基质水分状况及秧苗质量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(8):252-255.
[14]	孙风清, 张旭, 王冰华, 等. 叶面喷施外源物质对黄瓜商品苗贮运质量的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2018(10):29-34.
[15]	张凯. 黄瓜穴盘苗成苗标准和质量指标研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2005.
[16]	相宗国, 赵瑞, 陈俊琴. 不同粉碎度的椰糠基质对黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育及其质量的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2012(14):65-69.
[17]	胡俊杰, 金伊洙, 郭树义, 陈烁. 缓控释长效剂对黄瓜苗质量影响研究[J]. 北方园艺, 2010(19):24-26.
[18]	魏敏芝. 基质物理特性对黄瓜穴盘苗质量及后期生长发育的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2005.
[19]	梁志卿, 张翼, 赵瑞. 浇施不同浓度矮壮素对穴盘苗生长质量及产量的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(22):41-46,57.
[20]	杜亮, 赵瑞, 狄文伟, 陈俊琴. 不同穴孔类型对黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育及质量的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2008(4):26-28.
[21]	杨凡, 唐艳领, 马凯, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌对黄瓜穴盘育苗幼苗质量的影响[J]. 中国瓜菜, 2020, 33(6):30-33
[22]	李明远. 黄化曲叶病毒病传入北京,番茄生产面临威胁[J]. 植物保护, 2009(6):179-180.
[23]	张淑梅, 李晶, 王玉霞, 等. 植物病原真菌分子诊断技术研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 38(2):597-599,664.
[24]	李文学, 肖瑞刚, 吕苗苗, 等. 葡萄霜霉病菌实时荧光定量PCR检测体系的建立和应用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(9):1529-1540.
[25]	王娜, 马雅军, 代光辉, 等. 黄瓜霜霉病和白粉病病原菌的rDNA-ITS序列分析[J]. 西北农科技大学学报, 2007, 35(10):155-158.
[26]	刘春来, 文景芝, 杨明秀, 等. rDNA-ITS在植物病原真菌分子检测中的应用[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2007, 38(1):101-106.

引物名称	引物序列
ITSF	AACTTTCCACGTGAACTGTAT
ITSR	TGAGATGCCGCGCGACCGAAG

引物名称	引物序列
ITSF	AACTTTCCACGTGAACTGTAT
ITSR	TGAGATGCCGCGCGACCGAAG

地区	编号	叶片数	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	地上鲜重/g	地上干重/g	根鲜重/g	根干重/g	壮苗指数
大兴	1	1	7.2	3.34	2.148	0.105	0.868	0.022	0.035
	2	1	6.9	3.17	1.864	0.056	0.651	0.011	0.017
	3	2	6.7	4.61	4.574	0.241	1.323	0.032	0.056
	4	3	8.0	3.76	2.596	0.147	0.814	0.019	0.030
顺义	5	4	12.1	3.56	4.175	0.328	1.284	0.037	0.052
顺义	6	3	9.5	3.19	3.358	0.217	0.567	0.031	0.046
房山	7	2	12.0	4.472	4.056	0.234	1.145	0.052	0.074
通州	8	4	17.4	4.557	6.300	0.634	1.118	0.090	0.123
	9	4	16.4	4.636	4.176	0.520	0.666	0.075	0.106
	10	4	13.9	4.243	4.143	0.360	1.341	0.132	0.196
昌平	11	4	14.2	5.783	9.519	0.640	1.850	0.077	0.118
曲周	12	3	9.64	4.267	3.595	0.246	0.965	0.064	0.095
定兴	13	3	12.4	4.426	3.805	0.220	0.764	0.045	0.063
济南	14	3	9.8	5.066	6.526	0.532	1.050	0.063	0.101

地区	编号	叶片数	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	地上鲜重/g	地上干重/g	根鲜重/g	根干重/g	壮苗指数
大兴	1	1	7.2	3.34	2.148	0.105	0.868	0.022	0.035
	2	1	6.9	3.17	1.864	0.056	0.651	0.011	0.017
	3	2	6.7	4.61	4.574	0.241	1.323	0.032	0.056
	4	3	8.0	3.76	2.596	0.147	0.814	0.019	0.030
顺义	5	4	12.1	3.56	4.175	0.328	1.284	0.037	0.052
顺义	6	3	9.5	3.19	3.358	0.217	0.567	0.031	0.046
房山	7	2	12.0	4.472	4.056	0.234	1.145	0.052	0.074
通州	8	4	17.4	4.557	6.300	0.634	1.118	0.090	0.123
	9	4	16.4	4.636	4.176	0.520	0.666	0.075	0.106
	10	4	13.9	4.243	4.143	0.360	1.341	0.132	0.196
昌平	11	4	14.2	5.783	9.519	0.640	1.850	0.077	0.118
曲周	12	3	9.64	4.267	3.595	0.246	0.965	0.064	0.095
定兴	13	3	12.4	4.426	3.805	0.220	0.764	0.045	0.063
济南	14	3	9.8	5.066	6.526	0.532	1.050	0.063	0.101

地区	总采样株数	壮苗指数			霜霉病
地区	总采样株数	最大值	最小值	平均值	检出株数	检出率/%
北京	55	0.256	0.005	0.078	19	34.55
河北	10	0.132	0.053	0.079	8	80.00
山东	5	0.117	0.086	0.101	1	20.00