Effects of Fertilization Methods on Fruit Yield and Appearance Quality of Citrus ‘Orah’

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300230

Abstract

Abstract:

To verify the effect of soil testing and formula fertilization, promote the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizer, and explore the effect of organic fertilizer, medium and trace element fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the fruit production and the appearance quality of Citrus ‘Orah’, a precision experiment of random block plot was set up. The experimental treatments included local conventional fertilization, recommended fertilization for soil test formula, optimized fertilization, optimized fertilization and foliar spraying with 0.2% boric acid, optimized fertilization and foliar spraying with 0.05% ammonium molybdate, optimized fertilization and foliar spraying with 4% magnesium sulfate. The results showed that the recommended fertilization of soil testing formula was more effective than that of conventional fertilization. There was no significant difference in yield between the treatment of organic fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer and the treatment of total chemical fertilizer under the same nutrient application, but the fertilizer efficiency of the former was increased by 4.03% compared with that of the latter. Under the lacking of soil exchangeable magnesium, the magnesium application on the leaf of Citrus ‘Orah’ could obtain a significant and stable increase effect on the yield. Without lacking of soil boron, the application of boron on leaf might be ineffective. When the available molybdenum in the soil was insufficient, the foliar application of molybdenum could increase the yield of Citrus ‘Orah’, but the effect of continuous application was not stable. It can be seen that with the improvement of fruit appearance quality, it is feasible to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer and increase the efficiency in the production of Citrus ‘Orah’; the yield increase potential under fertilization is large, and appropriate fertilization formula can bring more benefits.

Key words: Citrus ‘Orah’, fertilizer recommendation, optimized fertilization, organic fertilizer, magnesium, boron, molybdenum, yield, appearance quality

CLC Number:

S147.5

Yang Shoushan, Zhu Zhijun, Guo Yingyun, Chen Xinquan, Yang Zezhong, Yang Meiqiong, Chen Guoxi, Zhou Mingde, Li Xuewen, Li Xia, Huang Bangchi, Huang Shaowei. Effects of Fertilization Methods on Fruit Yield and Appearance Quality of Citrus ‘Orah’[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(24): 34-41.

Figures/Tables 8

References 28

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小区代码	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
处理1	1.26	1.03	1.18
处理2	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理3	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理4	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理5	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理6	1.30	0.63	1.03

小区代码	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
处理1	1.26	1.03	1.18
处理2	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理3	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理4	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理5	1.30	0.63	1.03
处理6	1.30	0.63	1.03

指标	极高	高	中	低	极低
有机质/(g/kg)	Org≥40.0	40.0>Org≥30.0	30.0>Org≥20.0	20.0>Org≥10.0	Org<10.0
全氮/(g/kg)	N≥2.00	2.00>N≥1.50	1.50>N≥1.00	1.00>N≥0.75	N<0.75
有效磷/(mg/kg)	P≥25	25>P≥14	14>P≥9.0	9.0>P≥4.0	P<4.0
速效钾/(mg/kg)	K≥130	130>K≥105	105>K≥63	63>K≥37	K<37
交换性镁/(mg/kg)	Mg≥110	110>Mg≥65	65>Mg≥45	45>Mg≥25	Mg<25
有效硼/(mg/kg)	B≥1.00	1.00>B≥0.50	0.50>B≥0.20	0.20>B≥0.10	B<0.10
有效钼/(mg/kg)	Mo≥0.30	0.30>Mo≥0.20	0.20>Mo≥0.15	0.15>Mo≥0.10	Mo<0.10
有效锌/(mg/kg)	Zn≥3.0	3.00>Zn≥1.00	1.00>Zn≥0.50	0.50>Zn≥0.30	Zn<0.30

指标	极高	高	中	低	极低
有机质/(g/kg)	Org≥40.0	40.0>Org≥30.0	30.0>Org≥20.0	20.0>Org≥10.0	Org<10.0
全氮/(g/kg)	N≥2.00	2.00>N≥1.50	1.50>N≥1.00	1.00>N≥0.75	N<0.75
有效磷/(mg/kg)	P≥25	25>P≥14	14>P≥9.0	9.0>P≥4.0	P<4.0
速效钾/(mg/kg)	K≥130	130>K≥105	105>K≥63	63>K≥37	K<37
交换性镁/(mg/kg)	Mg≥110	110>Mg≥65	65>Mg≥45	45>Mg≥25	Mg<25
有效硼/(mg/kg)	B≥1.00	1.00>B≥0.50	0.50>B≥0.20	0.20>B≥0.10	B<0.10
有效钼/(mg/kg)	Mo≥0.30	0.30>Mo≥0.20	0.20>Mo≥0.15	0.15>Mo≥0.10	Mo<0.10
有效锌/(mg/kg)	Zn≥3.0	3.00>Zn≥1.00	1.00>Zn≥0.50	0.50>Zn≥0.30	Zn<0.30

项目	pH	有机质	全氮	有效磷	速效钾	交换性镁	有效硼	有效钼	有效锌
指标值	5.0	14.8 g/kg	1.32 g/kg	15.9 mg/kg	114 mg/kg	11.86 mg/kg	0.39 mg/kg	0.103 mg/kg	1.53 mg/kg
等级	酸	低	中	高	高	极低	中	低	高