Energy Efficiency and Carbon Footprint Evaluation of Open-field Pepper Production in Guizhou Province ——A Case Study of Jinping County

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0706

Abstract

Abstract:

To evaluate the ecological benefits of the conversion of maize cultivation to pepper production in Guizhou Province, Jinping County was taken as an example. Based on the survey data of 80 small farmers and 4 cooperatives, the life cycle evaluation method was adopted to quantify the energy flow and carbon footprint of pepper production. The results showed that: (1) the energy input of pepper was 53431.8MJ, much more than the energy output of 9000 MJ, the net energy efficiency was -44431.8MJ; among which, fertilizer (53%) and agricultural film (16%) accounted for the maximum proportion of the energy input; energy utilization efficiency, energy ratio per product and unit energy production rate were 0.17, 4.75 MJ/kg, and 0.21 kg/MJ, respectively; (2) carbon footprint indicated that carbon emission was greater than carbon fixation, and the two were 5450.9 kg CO₂eq and 2227.3 kg CO₂eq/hm² respectively, the net carbon efficiency was (0.41) less than 1, and was the contributing source of greenhouse gas emissions; the maximum contribution of fertilizer production and transportation and agricultural fertilizer application to the farmland ecosystem were 44.7% and 32.07% respectively; organic carbon ratio, unit area carbon footprint, carbon footprint per product and unit economic benefit carbon footprint were 0.07, 0.55 kg CO₂eq/m², 0.48 kg CO₂eq/kg, 2.91 yuan/kg CO₂eq, respectively. So, in this region, there are potential ecological risks in pepper planting after the adjustment of agriculture industrial structure. Therefore, optimizing the input structure of agricultural materials, reducing fertilizer application, increasing the proportion of organic material investment, developing clean energy, and strengthening variety breeding are the key points to improve energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions and achieve win-win results of production and ecology in pepper planting in Jinping.

Key words: pepper, energy efficiency, carbon footprint, emission reduction and efficiency increase, ecological benefits

CLC Number:

LIANG Long, SUN Kai, ZHANG Changzhu. Energy Efficiency and Carbon Footprint Evaluation of Open-field Pepper Production in Guizhou Province ——A Case Study of Jinping County[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(20): 149-155.

Figures/Tables 5

References 36

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投入产出要素	项目	单位	数值
A.投入	劳动力	d	375
	柴油	L	30
	复合肥	kg	1500
	机械	h	5
	叶面肥	kg	12
	有机肥	kg	3750
	地膜	kg	105
	农药	kg	10.5
	苗	株	34500
B.产出	鲜辣椒	kg	11250

投入产出要素	项目	单位	数值
A.投入	劳动力	d	375
	柴油	L	30
	复合肥	kg	1500
	机械	h	5
	叶面肥	kg	12
	有机肥	kg	3750
	地膜	kg	105
	农药	kg	10.5
	苗	株	34500
B.产出	鲜辣椒	kg	11250

投入产出要素	项目	单位	能量当量/MJ	参考文献	温室气体当量(CO₂eq)	参考文献
A.投入	劳动力	d	12.6	[26]	0.86	[15]
	机械	h	62.7	[27]	3.32	[29]
	柴油	L	44.5	[26]	3.32	[15]
	N	kg	92.02	[28]	8.3	[30]
	P₂O₅	kg	20.96	[28]	1.5	[30]
	K₂O	kg	13.13	[28]	0.98	[30]
	农药	kg	240	[28]	18	[28]
	农膜	kg	83.1	[26]	2.49	[28]
	有机肥	kg	—	—	0.1	[4]
B.产出	鲜辣椒	kg	0.8	[31]	—	—

投入产出要素	项目	单位	能量当量/MJ	参考文献	温室气体当量(CO₂eq)	参考文献
A.投入	劳动力	d	12.6	[26]	0.86	[15]
	机械	h	62.7	[27]	3.32	[29]
	柴油	L	44.5	[26]	3.32	[15]
	N	kg	92.02	[28]	8.3	[30]
	P₂O₅	kg	20.96	[28]	1.5	[30]
	K₂O	kg	13.13	[28]	0.98	[30]
	农药	kg	240	[28]	18	[28]
	农膜	kg	83.1	[26]	2.49	[28]
	有机肥	kg	—	—	0.1	[4]
B.产出	鲜辣椒	kg	0.8	[31]	—	—

指标	值
投入能量	53431.8 MJ/hm²
输出能量	9000 MJ/hm²
净能量	-44431.8 MJ/hm²
能量利用效率	0.17
单位产品能量比	4.75 MJ/kg
单位能量生产率	0.21 kg/MJ