New-type Fertilizers in Simplified Fertilization of Rice: Evaluation of Yield Stabilization Effect

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0765

Abstract

Abstract:

To assess the application effect of new-type fertilizers in the simplified fertilization of rice, multipoint field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of simplified fertilization of ‘one base and one topdressing’ model on the grain yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency of ‘indica-japonic hybrid rice’ and ‘late japonica rice’, respectively. The resin coated slow-release fertilizer (RCF), polyurethane coated slow-release fertilizer (PCF) and organic slow-release fertilizer (LSF) were used as the new fertilizers in this study. The results showed that for ‘indica-japonic hybrid rice’, when the N rate was reduced by 12.8% (218 kg/hm²), the simplified fertilization with new fertilizers (RCF, PCF and LSF) had no significant effect on rice yield and yield components compared with the normal fertilization (FF) treatment. For ‘late japonica rice’, when the N rate was reduced by 36.1% (177 kg/hm²), the rice yield under the RCF, PCF and LSF simplified fertilization were decreased by 20.4%, 12.0% and 22.8%, respectively, compared with that under treatment FF. There was no significant difference of effective spike number and spike rate of rice between treatment PCF and FF, while treatment RCF and LSF significantly decreased the effective spike number and spike rate of ‘late japonica rice’ compared with treatment FF. The simplified fertilization treatments (RCF, PCF and LSF) had significantly higher N partial factor productivity (NPFP) than treatment FF. No significant difference was found in the N agronomic efficiency (NAE) between treatment RCF and PCF and treatment FF. However, treatment LSF had a higher NAE in ‘indica-japonic hybrid rice’ and lower NAE in the ‘late japonica rice’ compared with treatment FF. The application effects of simplified fertilization were affected by the N application rate and fertilizer type simultaneously in rice production. Treatment PCF had a greater effect on N reduction and yield stabilization than treatment RCF and LSF for different rice types and on different experiment sites.

Key words: rice, resin coated slow-release fertilizer, polyurethane coated slow-release fertilizer, organic slow-release fertilizer, simplified fertilization

CLC Number:

S147.5

HUAI Yan, CHEN Zhaoming, YANG Shaona, FANG Wenying, TANG Xuejun, MENG Zhonglei, WANG Qiang. New-type Fertilizers in Simplified Fertilization of Rice: Evaluation of Yield Stabilization Effect[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(15): 1-6.

Figures/Tables 6

References 17

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品种类型	处理	施肥量/(kg/hm²)			氮肥运筹比例/%			氮肥减量/%
品种类型	处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	基肥	分蘖肥	穗肥	氮肥减量/%
籼粳杂交稻	常规施肥	250	60	120	40	30	30
籼粳杂交稻	轻简化施肥	218	60	120	70		30	12.8
晚粳稻	常规施肥	277	60	120	50	30	20
晚粳稻	轻简化施肥	177	60	120	70		30	36.1

品种类型	处理	施肥量/(kg/hm²)			氮肥运筹比例/%			氮肥减量/%
品种类型	处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	基肥	分蘖肥	穗肥	氮肥减量/%
籼粳杂交稻	常规施肥	250	60	120	40	30	30
籼粳杂交稻	轻简化施肥	218	60	120	70		30	12.8
晚粳稻	常规施肥	277	60	120	50	30	20
晚粳稻	轻简化施肥	177	60	120	70		30	36.1

水稻类型	无肥区产量/(kg/hm²)	常规施肥区产量/(kg/hm²)	基础地力产量贡献率/%
籼粳杂交稻	9792.0	11934.8	81.9
晚粳稻	7705.0	10202.5	75.5

水稻类型	无肥区产量/(kg/hm²)	常规施肥区产量/(kg/hm²)	基础地力产量贡献率/%
籼粳杂交稻	9792.0	11934.8	81.9
晚粳稻	7705.0	10202.5	75.5

处理	最高苗/(万穗/hm²)	有效穗/(万穗/hm²)	成穗率/%	每穗总粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g
CK	268.5a	156.0b	60.4a	326.1a	92.1a	23.5a
FF	318.0a	193.5ab	62.3a	347.2a	84.4a	23.4a
RCF	331.5a	189.0ab	56.5a	347.8a	85.6a	23.4a
PCF	328.5a	189.0ab	57.6a	346.0a	84.5a	23.4a
LSF	324.0a	196.5a	60.3a	335.8a	85.7a	23.5a