Responses of Photosynthetic Parameters and Yield of Winter Wheat at Filling Stage to Soil High Humidity and Drought Change

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1134

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the influencing mechanism of soil moisture on photosynthetic parameters and yield change of winter wheat, an experiment was conducted with 4 treatments of soil high humidity (W1), moderate drought (W2), severe drought (W3) and control (CK) using artificially controlled irrigation in the rainproof shed, to study the effects of soil moisture change on the photosynthetic parameters and yield of winter wheat at the filling stage. The results showed that: the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of winter wheat during the filling stage decreased with the decrease of soil moisture. The intercellular CO₂ concentration of W3 was similar to that of CK, and the main reason for the decrease of photosynthesis was non-stomatal restriction. The effectively utilized light intensity range of winter wheat leaf of W1 was expanded, while the effectively utilized light intensity range by leaves was narrowed due to soil drought stress. Night respiration of leaves under soil high humidity and drought stress were both increased. Drought stress reduced photosynthesis during the day, enhanced night respiration, and consumed more nutrients. ‘One decrease and one increase’ was the physiological reason for the grain collapse and low yield. High soil moisture and drought could affect the source-sink matching of dry matter transport and accumulation in winter wheat grains during grain filling stage. The green organs of the leaves under high humidity treatment dominated the transport of photosynthetic products, and the dry matter transport and contribution rates of the vegetative organs before flowering became smaller. Under drought stress, the photosynthetic products of green organs such as leaves were less, and the dry matter transported by grains was reduced. However, the dry matter transport and contribution rates of the vegetative organs before anthesis were increased relatively. The harvest index of soil high humidity was basically similar to that of the control, while the harvest index of the drought treatment was obviously smaller than that of the control.

Key words: winter wheat, photosynthetic parameters, yield, soil high humidity, drought

CLC Number:

REN Sanxue, QI Yue, TIAN Xiaoli, ZHAO Huarong. Responses of Photosynthetic Parameters and Yield of Winter Wheat at Filling Stage to Soil High Humidity and Drought Change[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(29): 96-102.

Figures/Tables 9

References 28

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处理		净光合速率(Pn)/ [μmol CO₂/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率(Tr)/ [mmol H₂O/(m²·s)]	气孔导度(Gs)/ [mol H₂O/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)/ (μmol CO₂/mol)	水分利用效率(WUE)/ (μmol/mmol)	气孔限制值(Ls)/ %
平均值	CK	17.861	6.748	0.2601	248.13	2.917	37.97
	W1	19.257	7.888	0.3789	272.37	2.574	31.91
	W2	6.579	2.556	0.0754	227.61	2.744	43.10
	W3	3.609	2.001	0.0453	254.84	2.108	36.29
最大值	CK	26.357	10.396	0.4503	335.86	6.540	16.04
	W1	28.133	11.845	0.5665	360.13	4.920	9.97
	W2	14.087	3.818	0.1830	327.92	5.746	18.02
	W3	8.793	2.178	0.0819	331.26	5.477	17.18

处理		净光合速率(Pn)/ [μmol CO₂/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率(Tr)/ [mmol H₂O/(m²·s)]	气孔导度(Gs)/ [mol H₂O/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)/ (μmol CO₂/mol)	水分利用效率(WUE)/ (μmol/mmol)	气孔限制值(Ls)/ %
平均值	CK	17.861	6.748	0.2601	248.13	2.917	37.97
	W1	19.257	7.888	0.3789	272.37	2.574	31.91
	W2	6.579	2.556	0.0754	227.61	2.744	43.10
	W3	3.609	2.001	0.0453	254.84	2.108	36.29
最大值	CK	26.357	10.396	0.4503	335.86	6.540	16.04
	W1	28.133	11.845	0.5665	360.13	4.920	9.97
	W2	14.087	3.818	0.1830	327.92	5.746	18.02
	W3	8.793	2.178	0.0819	331.26	5.477	17.18

处理	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	气孔导度	胞间CO₂浓度	水分利用效率
CK	10.3	12.1	9.3	18.7	7.1
W1	10.2	12.6	9.3	17.1	7.0
W2	7.7	10.3	7.6	16.4	7.1
W3	7.3	9.9	7.1	18.4	7.1

处理	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	气孔导度	胞间CO₂浓度	水分利用效率
CK	10.3	12.1	9.3	18.7	7.1
W1	10.2	12.6	9.3	17.1	7.0
W2	7.7	10.3	7.6	16.4	7.1
W3	7.3	9.9	7.1	18.4	7.1

处理	叶片暗呼吸速率/[μmol CO₂/(m²·s)]				叶片光饱和点、光补偿点/[μmol/(m²·s)]
处理	2020/5/18	2020/5/20	2020/5/24	平均	光饱和点	光补偿点	差值
CK	0.7072	1.0974	1.0043	0.9363	2012.93	53.60	1959.33
W1	1.1117	1.1267	1.2215	1.1533	2071.97	42.51	2029.46
W2	1.2701	1.1148	2.0521	1.4790	1394.13	70.84	1323.29
W3	1.6742	1.5256	2.0783	1.7594	615.71	56.40	559.31