Abstract:

In order to solve the shading problem of east and west ridge cultivation in solar greenhouse in Beipiao of Liaoning, the effects of east and west large ridge cluster cultivation, large ridge double row cultivation and large ridge single row cultivation on tomato growth, canopy environment, yield and quality were studied. The north and south ridge cultivation was taken as the control. The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height, stem diameter and aboveground dry matter accumulation among the four cultivation methods. In terms of environment, the large ridge cluster cultivation had the best canopy light environment and the horizontal light transmittance, and the radiation quantity between ridges was better than that of large ridge double row cultivation and large ridge single row cultivation. The canopy air temperature and soil temperature of the large ridge cluster cultivation were higher than those in north and south ridge cultivation and the canopy air relative humidity was lower. The yield of large ridge cluster cultivation was 47577 kg/hm², which was significantly higher than that of the other three cultivation methods. Under the same planting density, the per unit area yield of the large ridge cluster cultivation was 12.93% higher than that under north and south ridge cultivation. In terms of quality, there was no significant difference of the sugar-acid ratio and the content of soluble sugar, organic acid and vitamin C among the four cultivation methods. In conclusion, the large ridge cluster cultivation is superior to traditional cultivation in light environment, and yield and quality of tomato, and the east and west large ridge cluster cultivation with 95 cm row spacing can be popularized in high latitude areas.

Key words: solar greenhouse, tomato, east and west ridge direction, cultivation method, yield