Abstract:

Based on the assessment of disaster risk, exposure and vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies, and disaster prevention and reduction ability, this paper adopt GIS spatial analysis technology to carry out the risk assessment of maize rainstorm and flood in Heilongjiang Province. Disaster risk assessment indicators included rainstorm and flood index and disaster pregnant environmental impact index; the exposure assessment indexes of disaster bearing bodies included maize planting density and yield per unit area; vulnerability assessment indicators included the proportion of direct economic losses and the proportion of affected farmland; disaster prevention and mitigation capacity included waterlogging area and GDP per capita. In the evaluation process, the homogenization method was used to deal with the different dimensions of each factor. The weight was determined by the analytic hierarchy process and expert scoring method. The results showed that the high risk areas of rainstorm and flood in Heilongjiang Province were located in the west and east of Songnen Plain, while the north of Daxing’an Mountains and the south of Zhangguangcai Ridge were low risk areas; high exposure areas were mainly concentrated in the west of Songnen Plain, and low vulnerability areas were mainly distributed in the west of Daxing’an Mountains and Zhangguangcai Mountains; the western Songnen Plain was a highly sensitive area, while the Daxing’an Mountains, Zhangguangcai Mountains and Sanjiang Plain were low sensitive areas; in the south of Songnen Plain, the ability of disaster prevention and reduction was high or higher, while the ability of disaster prevention and reduction in Daxing’an Mountains and Zhangguangcai Mountains was low; the high risk areas of maize rainstorm disaster in Heilongjiang Province were mainly distributed in the west and northwest of the Songnen Plain. The relatively high risk areas were mainly distributed in the north and east of the Songnen Plain. The areas of the Daxing’an Mountains and the Zhangguangcai Mountains were low risk areas. The relatively low risk areas were mainly concentrated in the transitional areas of the Songnen Plain and the Xiaoxing’an Mountains and the Sanjiang Plain.

Key words: maize, rainstorm disaster, risk assessment, Heilongjiang Province, GIS