Inheritance Law of White Clover Flower Color and Its Response to Light and Temperature

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0642

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to clarify the inheritance law of flower color of red-flowered white clover mutant, and to explore the response of flower color expression to light and temperature. The red-flowered white clover mutant and white-flowered variety were used as parents to conduct hybridization, backcross, selfing and test cross experiments, and the flower color segregation law of all the hybridized progenies was studied. The chromatic difference of petals of the red-flowered white clover mutant among different temperature and light treatments was analyzed. The flower color of the F₁ generation plants of the cross between the red-flowered mutant and the white-flowered varieties were all white, and those from self-crossed progeny (S₁) of the mutant were all red. The flower color segregation of the F₂ generation and the backcrossed generation (BC₁) conformed to the Mendelian law of inheritance, and the ratios of the red flowers to the white flowers were 49:699 and 96:279 in F₁ and BC₁, respectively, which were basically in accordance with the expected segregation ratios of 1:15 and 1:3, respectively. Compared to the warm-temperature treatment (28℃ for 8 h and 34℃ for 16 h), the petal brightness value (L value) from the low-temperature treatment (12℃ for 8 h and 18℃ for 16 h) significantly decreased, and the redness (a value) numerically increased but not statistically significant. The petal redness significantly increased and the petal brightness decreased when the environment temperature changed from the warm-temperature environment to the low-temperature environment. The flower color of the red-flowered white clover mutant changed from red to white under shading for 2 days, and then the white flower recovered to red after restoring light for approximately 1 day. The flower color traits of the red-flowered white clover mutant were controlled by double recessive genes, and light was the key factor on regulating the expression of the flower color.

Key words: white clover, flower color, inheritance, light, temperature

ZHANG Heshan, WU Xinjiang, TIAN Hong, XIONG Junbo, LU Jiaoyun, LIU Yang. Inheritance Law of White Clover Flower Color and Its Response to Light and Temperature[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(25): 113-117.

Figures/Tables 4

References 25

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世代	红花株数	白花株数	总株数	期望比例	χ²	P值
F₁	0	264	264	0:1	/	/
F₂	49	699	748	1:15	0.12	0.734
S₁	42	0	42	1:0	/	/
BC₁	96	279	375	1:3	0.07	0.788

世代	红花株数	白花株数	总株数	期望比例	χ²	P值
F₁	0	264	264	0:1	/	/
F₂	49	699	748	1:15	0.12	0.734
S₁	42	0	42	1:0	/	/
BC₁	96	279	375	1:3	0.07	0.788

温度处理	L值	a值	b值	△E_ab
T₁	59.1a	22.6b	6.5a
T₂	50.0b	23.1b	6.5a	9.11^*
T₃	46.2c	26.0a	6.7a	13.34^*

温度处理	L值	a值	b值	△E_ab
T₁	59.1a	22.6b	6.5a
T₂	50.0b	23.1b	6.5a	9.11^*
T₃	46.2c	26.0a	6.7a	13.34^*

处理	1 d	2 d	3 d	4 d	5 d	6 d	7 d
光照	红色	红色	红色	红色	红色	红色	红色
遮光	红色	红色	白色	白色	白色	白色	白色
恢复光照	白色	红色	红色	红色	红色	红色	红色