Abstract:

The aims are to make better use of the approved varieties of Fujian fresh soybean, and select more excellent varieties for the production and application of Fujian Fresh Soybean and the select breeding parents. In this study, 14 main agronomic traits of 22 approved fresh soybean varieties in Fujian Province from 2003 to 2022 were investigated and determined using genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis, and principal component clustering and comprehensive evaluation were carried out. The results showed that there were abundant variation among the 14 main agronomic traits, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.36% to 24.65%. There were significant positive correlations between stem diameter and harvest days, between effective branch number, pod height, standard pod number of two or more seeds and plant height, between effective branches, more than two standard pods, average number of seeds per pod, pod weight per plant and stem diameter, between effective pods per plant, more than two standard pods and node number of main stem. There were significant negative correlations between the standard pod number per kg and the standard pod length, fresh 100-seed weight. Principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first six principal component factors, such as pod yield factor, standard pod plumpness factor, plant type factor, pod type factor, growth period factor and standard pod number factor, was 89.15%, which basically reflected the information of the original data of 22 varieties, so a comprehensive evaluation model could be constructed to screen the varieties with higher comprehensive character scores. The 22 varieties could be divided into 5 groups at the Euclidean distance of 4.86 by using class-average method, and the varieties with higher comprehensive scores of principal components were mostly in the third group. Through comprehensive analysis and evaluation, seven varieties of ‘Mindou 9’, ‘Xinghua dou 5’, ‘Mindou 10’, ‘Jiaoda11’, ‘Mindou 7’, ‘Xinghua Dou 1’ and ‘Xinghua dou 618’ were selected for the main production applications and parent selection of breeding of Fujian fresh soybean.

Key words: principal component analysis, cluster analysis, vegetable soybean, approved varieties, variety screening, variety improvement, comprehensive evaluation, agronomic traits, genetic variation