Abstract: To provide technical reference for introduction and cultivation of walnut cross ecological climate zones, taking early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’and late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’from Baokang of Hubei belonging to the subtropical zone and Lincheng of Hebei belonging to the warm- temperate zone as the materials, we compared and analyzed the nut phenotype quantitative traits, the composition, content and equilibrium of fatty acids and amino acids based on 2 consecutive years’average data. The results showed that: the same variety exhibited its respective advantages in the two ecological climate zones; in subtropical zone, the content of fatty acids (67.4%), equilibrium of fatty acids (ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=8.06) and amino acids (SRC=68.18) of the early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’nuts were better; the nut weight (14.27 g), kernel percentage (53.18%) and equilibrium of amino acids (SRC=70.45) of the late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’nuts were better; in warm-temperate zone, the nut weight (12.83 g), kernel percentage (66.53%), content of amino acids (21.84 g/100 g) and essential amino acids (5.91 g/100 g) of the early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’nuts were better; the content of fatty acids (72.41%) and equilibrium of fatty acids (ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=5.77) of the late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’nuts were better. This study indicates that the nut qualities of different walnut varieties are affected by environmental factors such as climate and orchard soil.