Current issue

• 2019 Vol.35 No.28 Published:14 October 2019

  Medium and Microelements Fertilizer: Effects on Plant Type and Dry Matter Accumulation of Super Hybrid Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) 2019, 35 (28):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050075 Abstract + ( 647 )   PDF ( 1334KB )   ( 158 ) To explore the effects of medium and microelements fertilizer on plant type and dry matter accumulation of super hybrid Indica rice, the super rice variety ‘ Tianyou 3618 ’ was used as test material, field experiments were conducted in the early season and late season respectively in 2014. Four different medium and microelements fertilizer application treatments were set as CK (0 kg/hm 2 ), T1 (375 kg/hm 2 ), T2 (750 kg/hm 2 )and T3 (1125 kg/hm 2 ). The plant type (including the leaf length and width of the upper three leaves, the thickness and the opening angle of the flag leaf), the relative content of chlorophyll (SPAD value) of the first leaf from the top, and dry matter accumulation dynamics of populations were analyzed. The results showed that,the leaf length, leaf thickness and leaf width had an increasing trend with medium and microelements fertilizer treatment in the early season in 2014, indicating that medium and microelements fertilizer treatment affected leaf morphology. In addition, the relative content of chlorophyll showed an increasing trend, while the openingangle of the up three leaves showed a decreasing trend with medium and microelements fertilizer applications.Medium and microelements fertilizer also had a certain promotion function on dry matter accumulation. The reasons were that the plant type and dry matter accumulation of super hybrid rice were not only related with the type of fertilizer elements, but also related with the combined application of fertilizer elements, and the basic soil fertility and other factors. The results of this research indicated that the medium and microelements fertilizer with 375 kg/hm 2 treatment had positive effects on the plant type, and further increasing the dose of medium and microelements fertilizer had no significant effect on plant type and dry matter accumulation.

  Sowing Dates: Effects on Yield of Tartary Buckwheat‘Heifeng 1’ 2019, 35 (28):  7-10.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080035 Abstract + ( 686 )   PDF ( 1249KB )   ( 246 ) Objectives: Aims to study the effects of different sowing dates on buckwheat yield; select the optimum time for buckwheat planting applied to the eastern farming areas of Qinghai.Methods: Field experiments were conducted by using tartary buckwheat “Heifeng1”; the influence of the yield determined by the growth period, and the components was tested, based on 5 different sowing time. The result showed a tendency that with the extension of the sowing date, the yield of tartary buckwheat “Heifeng1” first increased and then decreased; theoretically speaking, under A3 treatment, the yield reached the highest, 408.9 kg/mu. While, with the delay of sowing date, the growth period of tartary buckwheat “Heifeng1” showed a trend of shortening; different stages displayed different performances; and also there were significant differences in the number of main stem branches among the above ground agronomic traits; meanwhile, the differences in yield components were obvious. Under A3 treatment, therefore, the final yield reached the highest.

  Nitrogen Amounts Affect Yield and Agronomic Traits of No-till Oilseed Rape in Plateau Areas 2019, 35 (28):  11-16.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050035 Abstract + ( 734 )   PDF ( 1262KB )   ( 150 ) 【Objective】In order to comprehensively evaluate and recommend the application of the dosage of nitrogen in no-till oilseed field in the low latitude plateau areas, 【Method】the no-till oilseed yield and agronomic characterizes of 10 different nitrogen usage in the 4 different latitude areas during 2013-2015 were compared by using multiple regression analysis and fuzzy cluster analysis. 【Results】The results showed that : (1) the trend of growing period, lodging and powdery mildew increased, and frozen as well as bird damage declined when the usage of nitrogen was increased in the oilseed seedling period; (2) the main characterizes significantly varied among the different dosage of nitrogen, number of effective silique per plant, seed per silique and plant productivity raised with the increasing dosage of nitrogen. Furthermore, the rising thousand-seed weight and prolonged growth period could improve the yield; (3) the yield varied to different degree among the different dosage of nitrogen. 【Conclusion】The optimum usage of nitrogen was 375-525kg/hm2 in the seedling period in the no-till oilseed fields in the low latitude plateau areas by considering high-yield and stability.

  Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetic Parameters of Saccharum robustum 57NG208 F2 Hybrids Under Water Stress 2019, 35 (28):  17-24.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070058 Abstract + ( 650 )   PDF ( 1183KB )   ( 100 ) In order to study the effects of chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic parameters on Saccharum robustum 57NG208 F2 materials under different water stress, Used four species Saccharum robustum of 57NG208 and Nanjian sugarcane reciprocal cross offspring, greenhouse design barrels of plant drought resistance in drought resistance test, the determination of chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics parameters, The drought resistance was comprehensively analyzed by subordinate function method.The results showed that Under water stress, the SPAD value, the maximum fluorescence (Fm), the potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/F0) and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of sugarcane were all decreased, and the initial fluorescence (F0) increased except YunRui15-58.It was suggested that water stress damage the light system II (PSII), which makes the potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/F0) and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) reduced, and the photoelectron transfer was blocked;Grey correlation analysis showed that the correlation between 5 photosynthetic indexes and drought tolerance of sugarcane was not consistent under moderate and severe water stress.Under moderate water stress, the close correlation between the indexes and the drought tolerance of sugarcane was F0 > Fv/Fm > SPAD value > Fv/F0 > Fm, and the correlation coefficients were 0.8649, 0.6664, 0.6582, 0.6006 and 0.5952, respectively.Under severe water stress, the correlation degree was SPAD value > Fv/F0> Fm > Fv/Fm > F0, and the correlation coefficient were 0.9290, 0.8829, 0.8473, 0.7636, and 0.6326, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the SPAD value was positively correlated with the potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/F0), negatively correlated with the other 3 indexes, and the initial fluorescence (F0 ) was positively correlated with the maximum fluorescence (Fm) and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm).The potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/F0) was negatively correlated with the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm).The changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of the 4 samples were different, and the adaptability of the whole treatment to water stress in the whole treatment was YunRui 15-80 > YunRui 15-84 > YunRui 15-85> YunRui 15-79.

  Irrigation Quota Under Mulched Drip Irrigation: Effect on Cassava Yield and Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil 2019, 35 (28):  25-31.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050083 Abstract + ( 604 )   PDF ( 1220KB )   ( 124 ) Studies on effect of cassava yield and soil physical and chemical properties by the different irrigation quota under mulched drip irrigation to provide scientific basis for popularization of mulched drip irrigation. The experiment using ‘Xinxuan 048’ (a cassava cultivar in Guangxi), with treatments of three irrigation quotas (450 m3/hm2, 750 m2/hm2, 1200 m3/hm3) and CK (0 m3/hm3) were studied the soil physical and chemical properties, cassava growth and yield. The results showed that the water content, total porosity, gas phase ratio, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of soil increased significantly with the increase of irrigation quota, and the height, stem diameter, yield and economic benefit of cassava also increased significantly. Compared with CK, the yield of 450 m3/hm2, 750 m3/hm2 and 1200 m3/hm2 increased respectively by 46.22%, 75.60% and 93.45%, and the economic benefit increased respectively by 19.24%, 26.46%, 61.07%. In short, the soil physical and chemical properties can be improved obviously by increasing irrigation quota under mulched drip irrigation, and cassava yield and economic benefits also can be improved. Among all the treatments, 1200 m3/hm2 treatment presents the optimal effects and is worth popularizing in cassava production.

  Optimization of Suspension Culture Condition for Producing Rosmarinic Acid from Perilla Cells 2019, 35 (28):  32-37.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050085 Abstract + ( 597 )   PDF ( 1822KB )   ( 229 ) [Objective]With perilla (Perilla frutescens) callus as raw material, the cell suspension culture conditions for the production of rosmarinic acid were studied. [Method]The effects of culture time, initial inoculum amount, hormone concentration and phenylalanine concentration on the content of rosmarinic acid were investigated by single-factor tests. The optimal culture conditions were optimized by Box-Behnken Center design of response surface method, and a quadratic polynomial regression equation of the forecasting model was established. [Result][Conclusion]The results showed that the optimal conditions for the production of rosmarinic acid by suspension culture of perilla cells were as follows: 6-BA of 2.34 mg/L, NAA of 0.96 mg/L, 2, 4-D of 0.60 mg/L, phenylalanine of 0.1 g/L. Under these conditions, the rosmarinic acid content in perilla callus was up to 23.61 mg/g.

  Bioinformatic Analysis of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Loci in Banana (Musa acuminata L.) Root Transcriptome 2019, 35 (28):  38-43.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050026 Abstract + ( 592 )   PDF ( 1179KB )   ( 1068 ) In order to establish new molecular markers and design SSR primers, the SSR motifs were identified based on the root transcriptome sequencing of Musa acuminata. SSR loci in unigene sequences were identified with the MISA software. A total of 4,663 SSRs were identified from 25,158 banana root unigene sequences, and these SSRs were distributed in 3,820 unigenes in the examined sequences. The frequency of SSRs accounted for 18.53% of all unigenes, and the average distribution distance of SSRs was 7.77 kb. Fifty-eighty kinds of repeat motifs were found. Among them, the most abundant motifs were the di-, and tri-nucleotide repeats, accounting for 40.50% and 40.63% of all SSRs, respectively. AG/CT and AGG/CCT are the superior repeat motifs of di-, and tri-nucleotide, accounting for 88.03% and 30.83%, respectively. Most of the repeat numbers of the SSRs were from 5 to 9, and the length of the motifs mainly ranged from 12 to 20 bp, with the average of 18.80 bp. The SSR loci in the banana root transcriptome had high frequency, and density of distribution, and various types, which can be applied in genetic diversity and marker-assisted breeding in banana.

  Testis of Male Tilapia Under Methomyl Stress: Transcriptome Changes and Signal Pathway Analysis 2019, 35 (28):  44-51.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18040125 Abstract + ( 674 )   PDF ( 1539KB )   ( 164 ) 369 significantly expressed genes were obtained by RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq). 160 genes were significantly down- regulated, and 209 genes were up-regulated. The expression of the differentially expressed genes in MAPK signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction was more significant. The results indicated that the adhesion of Testis tissue cells was influenced by Methomy stress, that induced the expression of related gene in ECM-receptor interaction to up-regulated for stabilizing the structure of testis tissue, such as Laminins, integrin alpha 6 and integrin beta 1. JNK, MAP3K and MKK4 in JNK pathway were significantly up-regulated, this enhanced transcription factor AP-1 to promote the expression of P53, Bax and other pro-apoptotic proteins. Because the expression of related growth factors in the ERK pathway of MAPK signaling pathway was significantly down-regulated by methomy stress, the proliferation of reproduction cells in the testis tissue may be affected.

  Biological Activities of Grateloupia Polysaccharides 2019, 35 (28):  52-56.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100003 Abstract + ( 546 )   PDF ( 1262KB )   ( 114 ) Grateloupia C. Agardh, a type of large rhodophyta, is widely distributed in China’s shallow sea, and its polysaccharides have excellent biological activities. This article focused on the research of biological activities of Grateloupia C. Agardh polysaccharides to develop a new and more efficient probiotics, which can improve the body’s immunity and enhance physical fitness, or become a growth-promoting factor of bifidobacteria in the fermentation industry of yogurt. Experiments used 96-well plate method to study probiotics growth of Grateloupia C. Agardh polysaccharides, which extracted by water extraction, the oligofructose group as a control. In the biological activities in vitro test, the research showed that the biological activities of the polysaccharides was better than oligosaccharide; in the bacteriostatic effect test, it showed that Grateloupia C. Agardh polysaccharides and oligosaccharide had no effect in the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, instead, they all had weaker promoting effect, but their negative effects were within the acceptable range of the body. It is preliminarily judged that the polysaccharide had good biological activities and can be studied further as a prebiotics.

  Effect of Nano Magnesium Hydroxide on Yield and Cd Content of Brassica peckinensis and Cd Forms of Soil 2019, 35 (28):  57-62.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070114 Abstract + ( 792 )   PDF ( 1316KB )   ( 121 ) To provide a basis for the application of nano magnesium hydroxide in the remediation of Cd pollution in soil and the safe production of vegetables, a field experiment was carried to study the effect of different levels (0, 2.25, 4.50, 6.75 kg/hm2) of common magnesium hydroxide and nano magnesium hydroxide on yield, content and Cd forms in Brassica peckinensis, and the pH value and the content of Cd chemical forms in soil. The results showed that the yield of B. peckinensis increased by 4.1%-22.3%. After the application of magnesium hydroxide, Cd contents in leaves, petioles and roots of B. peckinensis decreased by 5.3%-19.2%, 9.0%-28.1% and 3.5%-19.3%, respectively, and the Cd content in soil decreased by 8.2%-41.5%. The Cd content in leaves, petioles and roots of B. peckinensis treated with nano magnesium hydroxide was obviously lower than that with common magnesium hydroxide at the same application rate. After the application of magnesium hydroxide, the content of protein bound Cd (NaCl-F) in shoot of B. peckinensis decreased, while the content of residual Cd (R-F) in shoot increased, and the soil pH value, the content of FeMn-Cd, OM-Cd and RES-Cd in soil decreased. In general, the highest yield and the lowest leaf Cd content of Chinese cabbage was found in low-level nano-magnesium hydroxide 2.25 kg/hm2 (NMg1) treatment, which had the best effect of remediation of soil Cd pollution in our study.

  Proportions of Seedling Substrate and Seedling Culture Mode Affect Pepper Seedling Formation 2019, 35 (28):  63-69.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110049 Abstract + ( 716 )   PDF ( 1153KB )   ( 179 ) The research aims to verify the feasibility of using edible fungus residue as a seedling substrate to replace non- renewable peat resources, and promote the sustainable development of the industry and environment. Effects of five different ratios of seedling substrates, commercial seedling substrate(A), grass charcoal: high-quality loess: perlite= 1:1:1(B), edible fungus residue: perlite: high-quality loess= 1:1:1(C), edible fungus residue: high-quality loess: perlite: compound fertilizer= 1:1:1:0.005(D), and high-quality loess: fire-ash ash= 1:1(E), and three seedling culture modes, plug seedling, floating seedling, and tidal seedlings, on seedling rate, seedling height and stem diameter, seedling uniformity, seedling true leaf number, seedling root and shoot fresh weight ratio, seedling index, and recover period after planting were investigated. Results indicated that seedling substrate A was the best one. Except for substrate E, the other substrates could meet the production demand. The differences between substrate C, D and B were not significant, but the production management was more complicated. The seedling substrate E had the greatest impact on seedling rate and seedling index. Comparing the results from different seedling culture modes, the tidal seedling cultivation was better than the other two seedling culture modes. The floating seedling had a longer recover period after planting, and there was also partial yellowing phenomenon during seedling cultivation. The plug seedling culture mode had the problems of small number of sowing plants per unit area, large difference between plants, and complicated management. Edible fungus residue has certain feasibility as a seedling substrate, but corresponding measures are needed to tackle the problems to reduce the disadvantages.

  Walnut in Different Ecological Climate Zones: Nut Quality Comparison 肖之炎,,王其竹,李爱华,常昌富 and 徐永杰 2019, 35 (28):  70-74.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100046 Abstract + ( 719 )   PDF ( 1265KB )   ( 107 ) To provide technical reference for introduction and cultivation of walnut cross ecological climate zones, taking early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’and late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’from Baokang of Hubei belonging to the subtropical zone and Lincheng of Hebei belonging to the warm- temperate zone as the materials, we compared and analyzed the nut phenotype quantitative traits, the composition, content and equilibrium of fatty acids and amino acids based on 2 consecutive years’average data. The results showed that: the same variety exhibited its respective advantages in the two ecological climate zones; in subtropical zone, the content of fatty acids (67.4%), equilibrium of fatty acids (ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=8.06) and amino acids (SRC=68.18) of the early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’nuts were better; the nut weight (14.27 g), kernel percentage (53.18%) and equilibrium of amino acids (SRC=70.45) of the late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’nuts were better; in warm-temperate zone, the nut weight (12.83 g), kernel percentage (66.53%), content of amino acids (21.84 g/100 g) and essential amino acids (5.91 g/100 g) of the early-fruiting variety‘Xiangling’nuts were better; the content of fatty acids (72.41%) and equilibrium of fatty acids (ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=5.77) of the late-fruiting variety‘Qingxiang’nuts were better. This study indicates that the nut qualities of different walnut varieties are affected by environmental factors such as climate and orchard soil.

  Stem Segment Tissue of Sabina chinesis‘Lanta’: Paraffin Section Technology 张玉平,曹均,张鸿翎,白金,刘国彬 and 郑书旗 2019, 35 (28):  75-79.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050135 Abstract + ( 863 )   PDF ( 2144KB )   ( 141 ) The paper aims to obtain the paraffin section preparation method for the cross section of the Sabina chinesis‘Lanta’stem, and lay foundation for further study on the mechanism of rooting anatomy of the cuttage. We selected 16 cm long stem of Sabina chinesis‘Lanta’, cut the base 5 mm as the material, and modified the traditional paraffin section, such as softening, sticking and dyeing. The results showed that: the softening schemes of 20% hydrochloric acid immersed for 24 h and boiled for 4 d were better than that of concentrated hydrochloric acid immersed for 24 h, boiled for 10 d and glycerol- ethanol soaked for 10 d; reasonable dehydration and transparent time was 2 h per level; the optimal paraffin section thickness was 10 μm; the traditional adhesive method was modified with the mixture of gelatin tablets and 40% ethanol; paraffin sections obtained by staining with safranin for 60 min and fast green staining for 10 s were clear and time saving. This study provides a set of specific operation steps for the paraffin section technique of Sabina chinesis‘Lanta’ stem, and also provides a reference for the study on similar tree species.

  Cattle Farm Sewage: A Preliminary Investigation on Its Application in Lily’s Green Production 2019, 35 (28):  80-84.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050081 Abstract + ( 677 )   PDF ( 1102KB )   ( 234 ) The paper aims to reduce the environmental pollution caused by farm sewage, and explore its resource utilization mode. We studied the effects of cattle farm sewage on lily’s agronomic traits, yield, quality and soil physical and chemical properties by replacing chemical fertilizer for green production of lily after harmless treatment. The results showed that: the twice application of cattle farm sewage (20.2 m3/hm2 every time) as additional fertilizer at lily bud stage replacing chemical fertilizer could promote lily growth, increase the root length, commodity rate, total sugar contents of lily, and enhance lily bulb yield by 12.0% to 24.1 t/hm2; although different additional fertilizer applications had no significant influence on soil physical and chemical properties, the application of cattle farm sewage (20.2-31.3 m3/hm2 every time) could encourage soil microbial carbon and nitrogen. This study indicates that cattle farm sewage after some decontamination treatments can be applied as additional fertilizer during green production of lily for both medicine and food use, which can not only take full advantage of nutrients in cattle farm sewage, but also improve lily’s quality and soil microbial biomass.

  Fumigation with Wood Vinegar: Effects on Soil and Watermelon Growth in Greenhouse 2019, 35 (28):  85-89.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050045 Abstract + ( 761 )   PDF ( 1137KB )   ( 722 ) Abstract:Wood vinegar is a substance formed from the liquefaction of flue gas during biomass pyrolysis process. Currently, there are no data about the roles of wood vinegar as a soil fumigant. We sprayed different volumes of wood vinegar on soil in greenhouse, took methyl bromide as a control to observe its antibacterial activity and effect on watermelon growth. The results showed that: soil pH value reduced by 0.10-0.31 units, while mineral nitrogen had no significant change with spraying 750-3000 kg/hm2 wood vinegar; in addition, the amounts of culturable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes increased by 101%-132%, 38%-204% and 10%-58%; both Fusarium and Phytophthora reduced by 64%-316% and 12%-38%, respectively. Compared with methyl bromide, wood vinegar had weaker and shorter impacts on pathogens though having less negative effect on soil microflora; moreover, nitrogen mineralization might be partially inhibited and thus induced low content of soil mineral nitrogen; spraying too much wood vinegar would reduce the yield of watermelon. In conclusion, wood vinegar has a low value as a fumigant in the greenhouse soil.

  Cultivated Land in Xinyi of Jiangsu: Spatial Differentiation of Productivity and Protection Zoning 朱新帅,, and 2019, 35 (28):  90-97.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19040045 Abstract + ( 560 )   PDF ( 1314KB )   ( 169 ) Based on the evaluation of the cultivated land productivity in Xinyi, we analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of cultivated land productivity in Xinyi combined with the spatial autocorrelation method, and proposed the protection zoning method of cultivated land. The results showed that: (1) the cultivated land productivity system from the aspects of climatic, natural factors and technical level had the applicability to the comprehensive output and effect evaluation of cultivated land; (2) the cultivated land productivity in Xinyi showed obvious regional differences, with strong spatial positive autocorrelation, and the positive correlation types (HH type and LL type) appeared in groups, the negative correlation types (LH type and HL type) were scattered; (3) the spatial differentiation characteristics were closely related to the spatial scale; the local spatial autocorrelation differentiation at large scales was small, but the spatial autocorrelation distribution patterns at different scales had similarities; (4) combined with spatial autocorrelation analysis at different scales, we proposed the cultivated land protection zoning to provide reference for the cultivated land protection in the study area.

  The Relationship Between Dry-wet Change and Vegetation in Qinghai Plateau: 1961-2016 2019, 35 (28):  98-104.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070113 Abstract + ( 590 )   PDF ( 4001KB )   ( 116 ) Based on 56 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2016 and MODIS data, The paper aims to analyze the change of dry–wet condition in Qing Hai plateau in order to explain regional response and mechanism of the global changes and improvement of agriculture, The results showed:① The average surface humidity index in Qinghai province was 0.42,which was slightly increasing and its rate of change was 0.002.(10a)<sub>-1</sub>, there was two distinct drought phases from 1961 to 1980a and from 1990 to 2002a, but wet phases from 1981 to 1989a and from 2003 to 2012a.② The humidity in Qaidam basin showed the trend to drought during the period of 1961 to 1985a, the slightly trend to wet in the earlier stage between 1985 and 2001, but later it showed obviously dry, and especially the trend of wetness was clear since 2003a. The tendency of drought showed in earlier stage of Qinghai lake area, and it became wet obviously since 2003a, The wet and dry was frequent turnover in agricultural area, Negative value of humidity index appeared for 22 years, and positive value was 24 years. There was a clear trend of dry from 1961 to 1983a in Qingnan region ,but it became wet after 2002a. ③It has a wet trend in spring in the recent 56 years, Negative value of humidity index appeared for 29 years in spring, and positive value was 27 years. In summer it has a dry trend, Negative value of humidity index appeared for 32 years in spring, and positive value was 24 years, the wet and dry was frequent turnover in fall, and the trend of dry in winter.④There was an obvious dry trend in the south of Qingnan region, De Lingha, Tianjun, Qilian, Wulan from the 1961s to 1970s,and it also dry in Qaidam basin, the east agriculture ,Zhiduo and Geermu region in 1980s,while wet trend in south of Qingnan region was clear.And it became wet in the middle of Qingnan region, Huangzhong, Ledou and Minhe in 1990s, but the wet tendency of the eastern Qingnan region ,the same wet trend since 2000a.⑤The NDVI index was increased obviously in the Qaidam basin and east agriculture ,the southern Qinghai lake and the source of Huanghe river since 2000s, It had a good response to the pattern of dry and wet change in Qinghai province.

  Observation Data of the New and Old Stations in Lushi: Difference Analysis 王梅娟,王文昊 and 2019, 35 (28):  105-109.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060106 Abstract + ( 562 )   PDF ( 1126KB )   ( 118 ) Based on the monthly meteorological data from new and old stations in Lushi in 2014, we calculated the average difference and standard deviation of annual difference of air temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity and 2 min average wind speed, respectively, by using the common difference statistical method; and calculated the consistency of wind direction by the coincidence rate. Through the above calculation results, we analyzed the meteorological data of the new and old station in Lushi and the causes of changes, in order to provide reference for the forecast service after station migration. The results showed that: the annual mean temperature and annual maximum temperature of the new station was 0.3℃ and 1.1℃ lower than those of the old station, respectively; and the annual minimum temperature was 0.1℃ higher than that of the old station; the difference of annual average relative humidity was 0 showing the relative humidity was less affected by the station migration; the wind speed of the new station was larger than that of the old, the annual average wind speed was larger than 1.0 m/s; the annual wind direction coincidence rate between the old and the new station was only 26%, and the consistency of wind direction between the two stations was very poor. This study provides references for the accurate forecast of meteorological elements in meteorological forecast service and the accurate utilization of meteorological data in scientific research and provides a basis for the continuation and homogenization of the meteorological data sequence of Lushi station.

  Cotton Industry in“Cotton Four”Countries in Africa and Proposals for Development Cooperation 2019, 35 (28):  110-117.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600241 Abstract + ( 870 )   PDF ( 1199KB )   ( 347 ) To clarify the production and trade situation in the“Cotton Four”(C4) countries (Benin, Mali, Chad, Burkina Faso) of Africa and China’s cooperation with the C4 countries in cotton production could provide references for Chinese institutes and enterprises to further the cooperation in the C4 countries. In this study, based on the cotton production and trade data from the database of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, cotton production dynamics and trade situation in the C4 countries during 1961- 2017, especially in 2011-2017, were analyzed. Since the launching of cotton production cooperation between China and the C4 countries, the cotton production, harvested areas and the proportion in Africa cotton production of the four countries have been continuously increased, but their cotton export to China decreased in recent years. Mali and Burkina Faso’s export of carded and combed cotton grew out of nothing, and increased rapidly in recent years. These data reflected cotton production enthusiasm and rapidly increased production ability in the C4 countries, and the preliminarily development of their cotton processing industry. Moreover, based on the above analysis and cotton industrial policies in the C4 countries, suggestions for Chinese institutes and enterprises to promote cotton industry development in these countries were put forward as follows: (1) strengthening cooperation of cotton breeding and new cultivar promotion; (2) promoting technology localization by talent training; (3) forming complementary regional distribution of cotton industrial chains in west Africa in line with local conditions; (4) attaching importance to local farm eco-environment and traditional agricultural culture.

  Computing Environment of Agricultural Resource Remote Sensing Monitoring System: Design and Application 2019, 35 (28):  118-122.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190400031 Abstract + ( 569 )   PDF ( 1449KB )   ( 267 ) Computing environment is an important support for agricultural resource remote sensing monitoring system, including agricultural condition remote sensing monitoring system. By taking hardware environment of the “National agricultural condition remote sensing monitoring operation system” operated by Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as an example, the paper elaborates the analysis of the compositions, logical structure, and core functions of agricultural resource remote sensing monitoring system. The study result shows that, agricultural resource remote sensing monitoring system is supported by a basic hardware layer with computing layer as its core and with the support of a storage layer, and under the support of network layer and software layer, the system carries out the agricultural condition remote sensing monitoring operation. The core functions of the system include five parts of log-in node, management node, computing node, and storage server (including magnetic disks). The cores of hardware of computing environment of the “National agricultural condition remote sensing monitoring operation system” are 42 IBM Flex X240 blade servers based on Intel 64-bitSIntel Xeon. The system also includes four S5700 10G Ethernet interchangers as transit equipments, and is connected with as a set of Huawei N8500 NAS and an IBM X3650M4 management server with Intel 64-bit XeonSProcessor; 56G computing IB network is realized by a set of Mellanox 36口FDR interchanger, including KVM interchanger, frame and keyboard, and LCD , as well as accessories of cabinets, powerSsockets, and cables. Theoretical operation efficiency of the system could reach 13.312 trillion times, while the actual operation efficiency can exceed 85% of theoretical value.

  The Statistical Analysis of the Output of Scientific Research Papers in the Institute of Bast Fiber Crops in Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2008-2017 2019, 35 (28):  123-128.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080045 Abstract + ( 745 )   PDF ( 1057KB )   ( 159 ) The objective is to further understand the published papers of the Institute of Bast Fiber Crops (IBFC) of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) in recent years and provide decision-making references for the scientific research management. In this paper, the academic journal pool of China HowNet (CNKI) was chosen as the statistical source and the published papers of the institute during 2008-2017 were applied for the statistical analysis in several aspects, such as the number of published papers, the article topics, research level, subject distribution, fund support, published journals, keywords, and so on. Results showed that the institute published 584 papers during the period, which were mainly supported by the fund of NSFC, national sci-tech support plan and national high-tech research and development projects (863). Furthermore, a large number of papers which were closely related to the bast crops of ramie, flax and kenaf were published in Plant Fiber Sciences in China, which was one of the professional journals, and the research contents involved lots of aspects, such as the germplasm resources, genetic diversity, variety breeding, feed utilization, and so on. Although the number of published papers is considerable, high-quality papers (such as the papers included in the database of CSCD) are still insufficient, indicating that there is a room for improving the research enthusiasm and potential of the sci-tech professionals in the institute.

  Effects of Chinese Herbal Compounds as Immune Additives on Biochemical Indexes of Acipenser schrenckii 2019, 35 (28):  129-136.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070085 Abstract + ( 544 )   PDF ( 1146KB )   ( 229 ) [Objective]The objective of this paper is to study the effect of Chinese herbal compounds as immune additive on biochemical index in Amur sturgeon. [Method]The effects of Chinese herbal compound A (Herba artemisiae, Radix isatidis, etc.), Chinese herbal compound B (Notoginseng, Rhubarb, etc.) and Chinese herbal compound C (Liquorice, Honeysuckle etc.) on biochemical indicators of juvenile Amur sturgeons were studied by feeding fodders under the water temperature of 17 ℃. Each group has 200 Amur sturgeons and then the three traditional Chinese herbal compounds were added to the base feed by the quality of 2.0%, 1.0% and 2.5% in liquid form respectively. To feed the prepared feed daily to Amur sturgeons according to their body mass of 2.5 %, and the Amur sturgeons in the control group was given the same amount of basic feed for 35 d. After the drug administration, to collect the blood of vena caudalis from 15 Amur sturgeons in each group and the liver of Amur sturgeons were collected at the same time. The changes of the content of active substance and enzyme activity in serum and liver were determined. [Result]The results showed that the content of albumin (ALB) in liver of compound A was higher than which in the control group. And the content of ALB in serum of compound A was lower than which in the control group. The content of ALB in serum of compound B was higher than that in the control group. And the content of ALB in serum of compound C was lower than which in the control group but it was higher than which in the compound A. The ratio of albumin to globulin (ALB/GLB) in the liver of compound A was higher than that of the control group. The content of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum of compound A was lower than that in the control group. There was no difference in the content of BUN in serum between compound B and compound C compared with the control group. The content of creatinine (CREA) in serum of compound A and compound C was lower than that in the control group. And the content of triglyceride (TG) in serum of compound B was higher than that in the control group. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of compound B was significantly higher than that of the control group, while the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of compound A and compound C was significantly lower than that of the control group. [Conclusion]The study shows that compound B and compound C may cause certain damage to Amur sturgeon, and further study of appropriate dosages is needed. Compound A is added according to the weight of the original drug in the basic feed, which has a certain protective effect on the liver and kidney. And compound A is good to improve the immunity of Amur sturgeon.

  The Growth and Development of Larval, Juvenile and Young Fish of Barbus capito 2019, 35 (28):  137-142.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050126 Abstract + ( 660 )   PDF ( 1508KB )   ( 135 ) In order to know the morphological of early development of Barbus capito, the larval was sampled to observed and study. The result showed that: the total body length of the newly hatched larvae ranged 6.80～7.26mm; the anus was not open, the larvae relied on their yolk for mourishment. The larvae was fed at 3 days old, and the yolk was exhausted at 9 days old. All fins complete appeared at 19 days old. With all fin rays completely developed and the scale covered the whole body of larvae at 55 days old, which meant the beginning of young fish stage. The growth curves model was: L=0.747t+6.168(R2=0.977). The correlation equation of weight and body length was: W=0.003L3.346(R2=0.997). The study advanced knowledge of the early stages of seed breeding of Barbus capito.

  Patent Analysis and Countermeasure Study of Fishery Equipment Research Institutes in China 2019, 35 (28):  143-149.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190500188 Abstract + ( 833 )   PDF ( 1802KB )   ( 78 ) The objective of this paper was to analyze the status of patent development and technical innovation capability of China"s fishery equipment research institutions. In this article, taking Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science as an example, using PatSnap platform and the method of bibliometrics, we analyzed the patent types, patent application quantity, foreign patent application, patent cooperation ability, patent technology field, legal status and key patents. The results showed that the main patent type was invention patent, and the number of patent applications had grown rapidly in this research institution. However, foreign patent applications were less and the proportion of valid patents was not high. Besides, patent cooperation was mainly through other universities or research institutes, followed by enterprises. The patent advantages were focus on net cage, automatic, fish, purge, pond; recycled water, remove, seawater; biological, water body, purification; monitor, test methods, life raft; jet, vacuum; return cabin, marine, compensation, hydraulic and so on. In view of current problems, the authors suggested that this institution should strengthen collaborative innovation and international cooperation, and improve survival rate as well as conversion rate of patents.

  High Quality Tomato Industry Chain: Technical Economic Analysis Method and Empirical Study 2019, 35 (28):  150-157.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18040103 Abstract + ( 573 )   PDF ( 1228KB )   ( 145 ) Evaluation of agricultural technical and economic effects wasSofSguidingSsignificance to explore appropriate agricultural production strategies. This paper used traditional agricultural technical and economic analysis method which was innovated to evaluate the economic effect of high quality tomato industry chain technology. Results showed that, first level indexes of tomato production cost output value rate were production, price, cost, impact index of price was the biggest, second level indexes of tomato production cost output value rate were new sales method, new technique, new varieties, the size order of second level indexes were production scale and regional factors, packaging technology of fresh-keeping bag for tomato after harvest, keeping fresh tomato technology in circulation and selling. In addition, we established technical economy mode for tomato Industry chain.

  The Path of Ecological Livable and Beautiful Countryside Construction in China 2019, 35 (28):  158-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080061 Abstract + ( 922 )   PDF ( 1033KB )   ( 177 ) Based on the review of the country’s support for rural revitalization and the construction of beautiful countryside in recent years, the authors emphatically analyzed the problems and difficulties faced by the construction of beautiful countryside, and pointed out that the main problems are serious pollution of rural garbage and sewage, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and the lack of rural civilization. By summarizing the typical cases of the construction of beautiful countryside in Huzhou, Zhejiang, the authors believe that the construction of beautiful countryside needs to pay attention to several key issues, such as combining the reality of the countryside, adhering to the market orientation and giving full play to the advantages of rural talents, so as to provide reference for the construction of beautiful countryside in various places.