Abstract:

In order to provide reference for good-quality and high-yield wheat production in the Huaibei area of Jiangsu, the effects of different sowing dates (October 5, 15 and 25, November 4 and 14) and planting densities (2.1×10⁶, 2.7×10⁶ and 3.3×10⁶ plants per hectare) on temperature and sunshine utilization, grain yield and grain quality of wheat were studied with good-quality strong-gluten wheat cultivar ‘Ruihuamai506’ as material. The results showed that the delay of sowing date decreased the accumulated temperature and sunshine hours from seedling emergence to the beginning of the overwintering stage and the accumulated sunshine hours after anthesis. Late sowing significantly decreased the number of main stem tillers and spikes, but increased the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight to different degrees. The highest grain yield was achieved on the sowing date of October 15. Late sowing by every 10 days decreased the growth period, accumulated temperature, sunshine hours, and spike number by 8.5 days, 108℃, 38 h and 3.85×10⁵/hm², respectively, and the yield loss was 700 kg/hm². The sowing delay decreased water absorption of flour but improved the grain bulk density, grain protein content, wet gluten content and dough stabilization time. Increasing planting density had no significant effect on grain quality. In conclusion, sowing on October 15 and using 2.7×10⁶ plants per hectare is the appropriate production combination of strong-gluten wheat with high yield and high quality in the Huaibei area of Jiangsu Province.

Key words: strong-gluten wheat, sowing date, planting density, utilization of temperature and sunshine, grain yield, grain quality