Preparation of Nano-selenium and Its Application in Crop Quality Improvement

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0961

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper summarized the existing preparation technologies of nano-selenium, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation technologies. The research of nano-selenium’s role in improving crop growth, product quality and crop resistance to diseases and pests, and extending shelf life was reviewed. At the same time, the alleviation effects of nano-selenium on crop physiology and biochemistry, plant primary and secondary metabolite synthesis, and agricultural product quality under heavy metal stress were explored. While increasing the selenium content of crops, nano-selenium can continuously improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural industry, which is reflected in regulating the content of trace elements in crops, enhancing plant health, preventing and controlling pests and diseases, reducing the risk of crop yield reduction and fruit quality deterioration, and inhibiting the accumulation of heavy metals. Summarizing previous scientific research achievements is conducive to understanding the benefits of nano-selenium, which is easy to be absorbed by animals and plants, to agriculture and other fields, providing technical ideas for the development of healthy and green agriculture and functional agricultural products, and impelling the modern industrial system construction with scientific and technological strength.

Key words: nano-selenium, preparation method, exogenous selenium fertilizer, inhibition of heavy metals, crops

LIAO Ruoyu, SUN Yue, LIU Xinbao, NIU Ying, HUANG Yanhua, ZHANG Chun’e. Preparation of Nano-selenium and Its Application in Crop Quality Improvement[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(10): 17-23.

Figures/Tables 4

References 62

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纳米硒制备方式	制备原理	制备手段	纳米硒粒径尺寸范围	方法优势	方法不足	文献
物理合成法	利用仪器或物理手段，在特定条件下将硒盐溶液制成纳米硒	激光烧蚀、微波辐射、水热处理、物理蒸发、电化学法等	5~200 nm	制备速度快，稳定性好，纯度高，不受其他化学物质污染	制备设备成本较高、合成环境危险、粒子粒度分布不易控制等	[3]
化学还原法	氧化剂（亚硒酸钠或二氧化硒）与强还原剂结合发生氧化还原反应制备纳米硒	溶胶-凝胶法、液相还原法、模板法等	10~100 nm	操作过程简单，并且能够实现在原子或分子水平上组装，同时其粒子尺寸、晶型以及形状可控	稳定性、生物相容性以及生物活性大幅降低	[10⇓⇓]~[13]
生物合成法	借助微生物或植物自身新陈代谢作用将环境中的硒酸盐还原为纳米硒	细菌、酵母、霉菌、蕈菌、子囊菌、藻类、虫草和原生生物、植物等	50~250 nm之间，且大部分在200 nm以下	纳米硒粒径小、结构均匀稳定、耐高温、安全并且环境友好，目前已经成为制备纳米硒的主流方式	微生物及植物转化纳米硒的机制尚未研究清楚	[3⇓]、[5]、 [18]

纳米硒制备方式	制备原理	制备手段	纳米硒粒径尺寸范围	方法优势	方法不足	文献
物理合成法	利用仪器或物理手段，在特定条件下将硒盐溶液制成纳米硒	激光烧蚀、微波辐射、水热处理、物理蒸发、电化学法等	5~200 nm	制备速度快，稳定性好，纯度高，不受其他化学物质污染	制备设备成本较高、合成环境危险、粒子粒度分布不易控制等	[3]
化学还原法	氧化剂（亚硒酸钠或二氧化硒）与强还原剂结合发生氧化还原反应制备纳米硒	溶胶-凝胶法、液相还原法、模板法等	10~100 nm	操作过程简单，并且能够实现在原子或分子水平上组装，同时其粒子尺寸、晶型以及形状可控	稳定性、生物相容性以及生物活性大幅降低	[10⇓⇓]~[13]
生物合成法	借助微生物或植物自身新陈代谢作用将环境中的硒酸盐还原为纳米硒	细菌、酵母、霉菌、蕈菌、子囊菌、藻类、虫草和原生生物、植物等	50~250 nm之间，且大部分在200 nm以下	纳米硒粒径小、结构均匀稳定、耐高温、安全并且环境友好，目前已经成为制备纳米硒的主流方式	微生物及植物转化纳米硒的机制尚未研究清楚	[3⇓]、[5]、 [18]