Introduction and Cultivation of Protein Mulberry in Wind-sand Area of Northern Shaanxi and Its Adaptability Analysis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0651

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the adaptability of different protein mulberry varieties in the windy and sandy area of Yuyang in northern Shaanxi, four different ecotypes of three-year protein mulberry (‘Yuyinsang-1’, ‘Yuyinsang-2’, ‘Yuyinsang-3’ and ‘YuYinsang-4’) were used as materials. The adaptability of four kinds of protein mulberry was comprehensively evaluated from agronomic traits, physiological and biochemical characteristics, yield characteristics and quality. The results showed that the four kinds of protein mulberry had good overwintering performance and could overwinter safely in Yulin area. The agronomic characters of ‘Yuyinsang-1’ were better than other varieties (P<0.05). The analysis of physiological and biochemical characteristics showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi) among the four mulberry varieties except transpiration rate (Tr). The chlorophyll content and Pn of ‘Yuyinsang-1’ were the highest, while the WUEi of ‘Yuyinsang-1’ and ‘Yuyinsang-4’ were the best. The yield analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the total yield among the four protein mulberry varieties, but there were some differences in the fresh weight of stem and leaf, dry weight of stem and leaf and biological yield per plant. The best two varieties were ‘Yuyinsang-1’ and ‘Yuyinsang-4’, and the biological yield per plant of ‘Yuyensang-1’ was significantly higher than that of the other three varieties (P<0.05). There were no differences in crude fat content, crude fiber content and ash content among the four protein mulberry varieties, but there were significant differences in crude protein content, of which the crude protein content of ‘Yuyinsang-1’ was the highest (194.9 g/kg), which were 1.19, 1.43 and 1.13 times as much as ‘Yuyinsang-2’, ‘Yuyinsang-3’ and ‘YuYinsang-4’, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate, instantaneous water use efficiency, fresh weight and dry weight of stem and leaf (P<0.05).The crude protein content was significantly positively correlated with plant height, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and fresh weight of stem and leaf (P<0.01). The results of comprehensive membership function analysis showed that ‘Yuyinsang-1’ could be used as a suitable protein mulberry variety in the sandy area of Yuyang in northern Shaanxi.

Key words: Morus alba, introduction, physiological character, quality, adaptability

SONG Yiying, WEI Mingyue, HAO Lei, QIN Yuanyuan, CHAI Guaiqiang, SHI Jianguo, DUAN Yizhong. Introduction and Cultivation of Protein Mulberry in Wind-sand Area of Northern Shaanxi and Its Adaptability Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(22): 32-39.

Figures/Tables 8

References 28

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品种名	叶芽膨大期 (月/日)	发芽期 (月/日)	展叶期 (月/日)	叶成熟期 (月/日)	秋末停止生长期 (月/日)	落叶始期 (月/日)	落叶末期 (月/日)	生育期/ d
榆引桑-1	4/16	4/24	5/21	9/10	9/22	10/13	10/28	169
榆引桑-2	4/20	4/27	5/20	9/8	9/20	10/9	10/23	167
榆引桑-3	4/17	4/23	5/24	9/12	9/20	10/16	10/25	176
榆引桑-4	4/18	4/28	5/19	9/10	9/18	10/15	10/27	171
平均出现日期	4/18	4/25	5/21	9/10	9/20	10/13	10/26	171
极差/d	4	5	5	4	4	7	5	7
变异系数/%	74.6	82.4	73.5	63.9	63.9	63.1	54.1	52.4

品种名	叶芽膨大期 (月/日)	发芽期 (月/日)	展叶期 (月/日)	叶成熟期 (月/日)	秋末停止生长期 (月/日)	落叶始期 (月/日)	落叶末期 (月/日)	生育期/ d
榆引桑-1	4/16	4/24	5/21	9/10	9/22	10/13	10/28	169
榆引桑-2	4/20	4/27	5/20	9/8	9/20	10/9	10/23	167
榆引桑-3	4/17	4/23	5/24	9/12	9/20	10/16	10/25	176
榆引桑-4	4/18	4/28	5/19	9/10	9/18	10/15	10/27	171
平均出现日期	4/18	4/25	5/21	9/10	9/20	10/13	10/26	171
极差/d	4	5	5	4	4	7	5	7
变异系数/%	74.6	82.4	73.5	63.9	63.9	63.1	54.1	52.4

测定指标	基茎粗	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	瞬时水分利用效率	茎叶鲜重	茎叶干重	单株生物学产量	产量	粗蛋白含量	粗脂肪含量	粗纤维含量	灰分
株高	0.350	0.976^*	0.942	0.726	0.837	0.927	0.917	-0.725	0.777	0.995^**	0.004	0.165	-0.117
基茎粗	1	0.494	0.586	0.222	0.522	0.551	0.574	0.048	0.822	0.351	0.416	-0.817	-0.539
叶绿素含量		1	0.936	0.802	0.786	0.903	0.897	-0.567	0.821	0.958^*	0.205	-0.037	-0.323
净光合速率			1	0.541	0.951^*	0.995^**	0.995^**	-0.714	0.937	0.957^*	-0.050	-0.038	-0.093
蒸腾速率				1	0.263	0.468	0.455	-0.119	0.389	0.655	0.604	-0.066	-0.643
瞬时水分利用效率					1	0.975^*	0.977^*	-0.826	0.905	0.882	-0.328	0.066	0.182
茎叶鲜重						1	1.000^**	-0.769	0.927	0.951^*	-0.146	0.018	0.002
茎叶干重							1	-0.757	0.938	0.942	-0.140	-0.008	-0.006
单株生物学产量								1	-0.512	-0.780	0.686	-0.613	-0.596
产量									1	0.797	0.060	-0.348	-0.214
粗蛋白含量										1	-0.083	0.193	-0.037
粗脂肪含量											1	-0.697	-0.988^**
粗纤维含量												1	0.743

测定指标	基茎粗	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	瞬时水分利用效率	茎叶鲜重	茎叶干重	单株生物学产量	产量	粗蛋白含量	粗脂肪含量	粗纤维含量	灰分
株高	0.350	0.976^*	0.942	0.726	0.837	0.927	0.917	-0.725	0.777	0.995^**	0.004	0.165	-0.117
基茎粗	1	0.494	0.586	0.222	0.522	0.551	0.574	0.048	0.822	0.351	0.416	-0.817	-0.539
叶绿素含量		1	0.936	0.802	0.786	0.903	0.897	-0.567	0.821	0.958^*	0.205	-0.037	-0.323
净光合速率			1	0.541	0.951^*	0.995^**	0.995^**	-0.714	0.937	0.957^*	-0.050	-0.038	-0.093
蒸腾速率				1	0.263	0.468	0.455	-0.119	0.389	0.655	0.604	-0.066	-0.643
瞬时水分利用效率					1	0.975^*	0.977^*	-0.826	0.905	0.882	-0.328	0.066	0.182
茎叶鲜重						1	1.000^**	-0.769	0.927	0.951^*	-0.146	0.018	0.002
茎叶干重							1	-0.757	0.938	0.942	-0.140	-0.008	-0.006
单株生物学产量								1	-0.512	-0.780	0.686	-0.613	-0.596
产量									1	0.797	0.060	-0.348	-0.214
粗蛋白含量										1	-0.083	0.193	-0.037
粗脂肪含量											1	-0.697	-0.988^**
粗纤维含量												1	0.743

品种	株高	基茎粗	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	瞬时水分利用效率	茎叶鲜重	茎叶干重	单株生物学产量	产量	粗蛋白含量	粗脂肪含量	粗纤维含量	灰分	均值	排序
榆引桑-1	0.72	0.66	0.64	0.83	0.77	0.76	0.81	0.84	0.62	0.64	0.74	0.63	0.35	0.42	0.67	1
榆引桑-2	0.44	0.14	0.39	0.42	0.63	0.34	0.34	0.26	0.33	0.33	0.46	0.48	0.51	0.52	0.40	3
榆引桑-3	0.17	0.48	0.25	0.28	0.46	0.23	0.80	0.11	0.33	0.38	0.28	0.61	0.31	0.45	0.37	4
榆引桑-4	0.47	0.42	0.40	0.66	0.41	0.73	0.65	0.69	0.43	0.52	0.54	0.27	0.46	0.61	0.52	2