Effect of Different Irrigation Patterns on Stem Structure, Yield Composition and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat in Huanghuai Region

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0205

Abstract

Abstract:

To screen water-saving varieties and provide management guidance for variety production and planting, promotion varieties in the Huanghuai region were selected to analyze the changes in plant height and stem structure, yield composition, and water use efficiency (WUE) of different varieties under three modes: only base fertilizer (W₀), base fertilizer+water at jointing stage (W₁), and base fertilizer+water at jointing stage and grouting stage (W₂). The results showed that: (1) compared to W0, the plant height, stem length under spike, the length of penultimate internode and the 3rd internode from top increased significantly under W1 treatment, with the largest increase in the stem length under spike, and the basal internode changes were not significant; compared to W₁, there was an increase in plant height under W₂ treatment, but the increase of each internode was not significant; compared to W0, the plant height of 'Zhoumai 18' and 'Luomai 28' increased significantly under W₂, with increase of 36.49% and 35.30% respectively; under W₁ and W₂ treatments, the basal internode length of 'Zhengmai 129' was the largest, and attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management to prevent lodging during production and utilization; (2) compared to W₀, under W₁ treatment, ear number per plant and the number of grains per panicle increased significantly, and the thousand grain weight decreased significantly, resulting in a significant increase in yield; compared to W₁, W₂ treatment showed a significant increase in thousand grain weight and yield, while other differences were not significant; (3) compared to W0, WUE of varieties under W₁ treatment increased significantly, and 'Fengdecun 12' and 'Luomai 28' had the highest WUE; compared to W₁, WUE of varieties under W₂ treatment was significantly lower than that under W₁ treatment, with 'Fengdecun 12' and 'Luomai 28' still had the highest WUE.

Key words: irrigation patterns, Huanghuai region, winter wheat, plant height composition, yield composition, water use efficiency (WUE)

DUAN Guohui, TIAN Wenzhong, GAO Haitao, YANG Hongqiang, ZHANG Shaolan, DONG Zhongdong, WEN Hongxia, LV Shuzuo, GU Jingjing. Effect of Different Irrigation Patterns on Stem Structure, Yield Composition and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat in Huanghuai Region[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(5): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 6

References 28

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品种		开麦22	丰德存12	周麦32	周麦18	洛麦28	郑麦158	郑麦583	郑麦129	百农418	郑麦379	平均值	F
株高/ cm	W₂	78.24	81.18	76.68	79.82	74.44	76.52	69.04	82.58	70.26	81.7	77.05Aa	30.070^**
	W₁	75.74	78.62	74.42	79.68	72.46	77.2	69.06	81.64	74.44	82.1	76.54Aa
	W₀	64.66	65.62	63.68	58.48	55.02	68.74	55.66	64.9	61.18	70.04	62.8Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	17.14	19.81	16.87	36.25	31.7	12.31	24.07	25.79	21.67	17.22	21.88
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	3.3	3.26	3.04	0.18	2.73	-0.88	-0.03	1.15	-5.62	-0.49	0.67
穗下节/ cm	W₂	27.73	23.99	22.57	27.44	24.82	22.14	23.87	19.04	21.17	27.02	23.98Aa	12.676^**
	W₁	27.57	24.71	22.71	26.61	26.84	22.51	23.37	20.44	22.18	25.66	24.26Aa
	W₀	19.3	21.16	16.89	18.59	18.34	18.84	19.77	15.14	18.99	24.28	19.13Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	42.85	16.78	34.46	43.14	46.35	19.48	18.21	35.01	16.8	5.68	26.82
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	0.58	-2.91	-0.62	3.12	-7.53	-1.64	2.14	-6.85	-4.55	5.3	-1.15
倒2节/ cm	W₂	15.18	17.09	15.97	15.49	16.73	15.34	15.03	16.99	16.18	17.48	16.15Aa	51.858^**
	W₁	16.42	16.37	15.34	16.28	14.46	14.93	14.89	17.55	15.73	16.28	15.83Aa
	W₀	12.39	13.77	12.36	11.19	10.83	13.37	10.83	12.54	12.79	12.63	12.27Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	32.53	18.88	24.11	45.49	33.52	11.67	37.49	39.95	22.99	28.9	29.01
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	-7.55	4.4	4.11	-4.85	15.7	2.75	0.94	-3.19	2.86	7.37	2.02
倒3节/ cm	W₂	11.01	11.94	12.44	11.18	10.22	11.76	8.83	14.72	11.71	12.34	11.62Aa	17.141^**
	W₁	11.01	11.55	12.04	9.91	8.98	11.56	9.89	15.59	11.78	12.38	11.47Aa
	W₀	8.76	7.87	8.26	7.09	6.28	9.52	7.05	9.98	8.04	8.14	8.1Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	25.68	46.76	45.76	39.77	42.99	21.43	40.28	56.21	46.52	52.09	41.6
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	0	3.38	3.32	12.82	13.81	1.73	-10.72	-5.58	-0.59	-0.32	1.31
基部第一节间/cm	W₂	4.37	3.09	4.11	4.31	3.85	4.53	3.32	6.76	4.96	5.37	4.47Aa	0.585
	W₁	3.27	3.65	3.66	3.91	3.79	3.48	4.23	6.61	4.83	5.96	4.34Aa
	W₀	4.3	3.82	4.35	2.16	2.44	3.24	2.91	6.55	3.92	5.5	3.92Aa
增幅/%	W₂VSW₀	1.63	-19.11	-5.52	99.54	57.79	39.81	14.09	3.21	26.53	-2.36	14.03
基部第二节间/cm	W₂	6.15	6.51	6.24	6.69	5.97	6.46	5.55	9.22	6.48	6.24	6.55Aa	1.518
	W₁	5.98	6.41	6.36	5.64	5.4	5.88	5.37	8.46	5.99	6.19	6.37Aa
	W₀	5.27	5.43	5.69	5.15	4.98	5.36	6.24	7.86	5.87	6.24	5.81Aa
增幅/%	W₂VSW₀	16.7	19.89	9.67	29.9	19.88	20.52	-11.06	17.3	10.39	0	12.7367

品种		开麦22	丰德存12	周麦32	周麦18	洛麦28	郑麦158	郑麦583	郑麦129	百农418	郑麦379	平均值	F
株高/ cm	W₂	78.24	81.18	76.68	79.82	74.44	76.52	69.04	82.58	70.26	81.7	77.05Aa	30.070^**
	W₁	75.74	78.62	74.42	79.68	72.46	77.2	69.06	81.64	74.44	82.1	76.54Aa
	W₀	64.66	65.62	63.68	58.48	55.02	68.74	55.66	64.9	61.18	70.04	62.8Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	17.14	19.81	16.87	36.25	31.7	12.31	24.07	25.79	21.67	17.22	21.88
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	3.3	3.26	3.04	0.18	2.73	-0.88	-0.03	1.15	-5.62	-0.49	0.67
穗下节/ cm	W₂	27.73	23.99	22.57	27.44	24.82	22.14	23.87	19.04	21.17	27.02	23.98Aa	12.676^**
	W₁	27.57	24.71	22.71	26.61	26.84	22.51	23.37	20.44	22.18	25.66	24.26Aa
	W₀	19.3	21.16	16.89	18.59	18.34	18.84	19.77	15.14	18.99	24.28	19.13Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	42.85	16.78	34.46	43.14	46.35	19.48	18.21	35.01	16.8	5.68	26.82
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	0.58	-2.91	-0.62	3.12	-7.53	-1.64	2.14	-6.85	-4.55	5.3	-1.15
倒2节/ cm	W₂	15.18	17.09	15.97	15.49	16.73	15.34	15.03	16.99	16.18	17.48	16.15Aa	51.858^**
	W₁	16.42	16.37	15.34	16.28	14.46	14.93	14.89	17.55	15.73	16.28	15.83Aa
	W₀	12.39	13.77	12.36	11.19	10.83	13.37	10.83	12.54	12.79	12.63	12.27Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	32.53	18.88	24.11	45.49	33.52	11.67	37.49	39.95	22.99	28.9	29.01
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	-7.55	4.4	4.11	-4.85	15.7	2.75	0.94	-3.19	2.86	7.37	2.02
倒3节/ cm	W₂	11.01	11.94	12.44	11.18	10.22	11.76	8.83	14.72	11.71	12.34	11.62Aa	17.141^**
	W₁	11.01	11.55	12.04	9.91	8.98	11.56	9.89	15.59	11.78	12.38	11.47Aa
	W₀	8.76	7.87	8.26	7.09	6.28	9.52	7.05	9.98	8.04	8.14	8.1Bb
增幅/ %	W₁VSW₀	25.68	46.76	45.76	39.77	42.99	21.43	40.28	56.21	46.52	52.09	41.6
增幅/ %	W₂VSW₁	0	3.38	3.32	12.82	13.81	1.73	-10.72	-5.58	-0.59	-0.32	1.31
基部第一节间/cm	W₂	4.37	3.09	4.11	4.31	3.85	4.53	3.32	6.76	4.96	5.37	4.47Aa	0.585
	W₁	3.27	3.65	3.66	3.91	3.79	3.48	4.23	6.61	4.83	5.96	4.34Aa
	W₀	4.3	3.82	4.35	2.16	2.44	3.24	2.91	6.55	3.92	5.5	3.92Aa
增幅/%	W₂VSW₀	1.63	-19.11	-5.52	99.54	57.79	39.81	14.09	3.21	26.53	-2.36	14.03
基部第二节间/cm	W₂	6.15	6.51	6.24	6.69	5.97	6.46	5.55	9.22	6.48	6.24	6.55Aa	1.518
	W₁	5.98	6.41	6.36	5.64	5.4	5.88	5.37	8.46	5.99	6.19	6.37Aa
	W₀	5.27	5.43	5.69	5.15	4.98	5.36	6.24	7.86	5.87	6.24	5.81Aa
增幅/%	W₂VSW₀	16.7	19.89	9.67	29.9	19.88	20.52	-11.06	17.3	10.39	0	12.7367

处理	开麦22	丰德存12	周麦32	周麦18	洛麦28	郑麦158	郑麦583	郑麦129	百农418	郑麦379	平均值
W₂	0.548	0.506	0.503	0.538	0.558	0.490	0.563	0.436	0.532	0.545	0.522
W₁	0.581	0.523	0.511	0.538	0.570	0.485	0.554	0.465	0.509	0.511	0.525
W₀	0.490	0.532	0.459	0.509	0.530	0.469	0.550	0.427	0.519	0.527	0.501

处理	开麦22	丰德存12	周麦32	周麦18	洛麦28	郑麦158	郑麦583	郑麦129	百农418	郑麦379	平均值
W₂	0.548	0.506	0.503	0.538	0.558	0.490	0.563	0.436	0.532	0.545	0.522
W₁	0.581	0.523	0.511	0.538	0.570	0.485	0.554	0.465	0.509	0.511	0.525
W₀	0.490	0.532	0.459	0.509	0.530	0.469	0.550	0.427	0.519	0.527	0.501

品种		开麦22	丰德存12	周麦32	周麦18	洛麦28	郑麦158	郑麦583	郑麦129	百农418	郑麦379	平均值	F
产量/(kg/hm²)	W₂	9060.45	9825.6	9816.3	9766.95	9821.7	8970.15	9638.55	9713.25	8864.4	9055.8	9453.3Aa	506.404^**
	W₁	8601.15	9629.55	8864.4	9437.85	9492.9	8347.65	8674.35	8621.1	8494.35	8704.35	8886.75Bb
	W₀	4525.05	4582.8	4638.3	4683.9	4593.3	3977.1	4591.65	4473.9	4573.95	4017.15	4465.65Cc
增幅/%	W₂VSW₁	5.34	2.04	10.74	3.49	3.46	7.46	11.12	12.67	4.36	4.04	6.38
增幅/%	W₁VSW₀	90.08	110.12	91.11	101.5	106.67	109.89	88.92	92.7	85.71	116.68	99
单株成穗数	W₂	2.68	3.08	3.32	3.16	2.9	3.43	2.66	3.09	2.3	2.63	2.925Aa	5.819
	W₁	2.59	2.86	3.18	2.63	2.84	3.02	2.72	3.27	2.65	2.55	2.831ABa
	W₀	2.48	2.1	2.8	2.3	2.5	2.9	2.17	3	2.4	2.35	2.5Bb
增幅/%	W₂VSW₁	3.47	7.69	4.4	20.15	2.11	13.58	-2.21	-5.5	-13.21	3.14	3.32
增幅/%	W₁VSW₀	4.44	36.19	13.57	14.35	13.6	4.14	25.35	9	10.42	8.51	13.24