Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Seedling Quality and Tillering Dynamics of Rice During Field Nutritional Growth Period in Sanjiang Plain

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0466

Abstract

Abstract:

By studying the effects of different sowing dates on the growth characteristics and tillering dynamics of rice seedlings during the vegetative growth stage, this paper provides a basis for scientifically selecting the sowing and transplanting dates for rice production and promoting stable and high yields. Taking the main cultivar ‘Longjing 31’ in the Sanjiang Plain as the test material, four sowing periods were set with a time step of 10 d between adjacent sowing periods, the local multi-year average sowing period was set as the second period (T₂), and one forward phase (T₁) and two backward phases (T₃-T₄) were set together to carry out the trial. The results showed that as the sowing date delayed, the rice development period was delayed and shortened, the development process of rice accelerated, the number of unsuitable days of daily temperature suitability decreased, the temperature suitability during the development period increased, and the effective accumulated temperature of ≥ 10℃ decreased. The coefficient of determination of effective accumulated temperature (≥10℃ ) and tiller number was above 92.8 %, and the influence coefficient of effective accumulated temperature (≥10℃ ) on tiller number was between 4.7 and 8.9; T₁ sowing stage encountered a stage low temperature with the lowest temperature of 3.3 °C from regreening to tillering stage, and the daily temperature suitability for 7 consecutive days was less than 0.3, of which 4 days was 0, and the seedling trait index was the lowest; the maximum plant height and leaf area per plant were 73 cm and 103.27 cm² at T₂ sowing stage, the dry matter of each plant was 1.01 g, the maximum number of tillers in the hole reached 18 plants. Above all, the seedling quality index was the highest in T₂, followed by T₃, and May 11-21 was the best transplanting period. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the scientific selection of transplanting period, seeking benefits and avoiding harm, and promoting stable and high yield in rice planting.

Key words: Sanjiang Plain, rice, staged sowing, growth period of field nutrition, growth traits, tillering dynamics

CHU Chunyan, LI Chenhui, WANG Yan, PANG Yunchao, HAN Junjie, WANG Ping, ZHAI Mo, JIANG Lixia. Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Seedling Quality and Tillering Dynamics of Rice During Field Nutritional Growth Period in Sanjiang Plain[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(11): 1-7.

Figures/Tables 8

References 23

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处理	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₄
播种日期	4.01	4.11	4.21	5.01
移栽日期	5.01	5.11	5.21	5.31

处理	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₄
播种日期	4.01	4.11	4.21	5.01
移栽日期	5.01	5.11	5.21	5.31

处理	移栽期（月-日）	返青期（月-日）	分蘖始期（月-日）	分蘖终止期（月-日）	拔节期（月-日）	大田营养生长期/d
T₁	05-01	05-06	06-10	06-30	07-04	64
T₂	05-11	05-16	06-12	07-02	07-06	56
T₃	05-21	05-26	06-14	07-04	07-08	48
T₄	05-31	06-06	06-18	07-06	07-10	40

处理	移栽期（月-日）	返青期（月-日）	分蘖始期（月-日）	分蘖终止期（月-日）	拔节期（月-日）	大田营养生长期/d
T₁	05-01	05-06	06-10	06-30	07-04	64
T₂	05-11	05-16	06-12	07-02	07-06	56
T₃	05-21	05-26	06-14	07-04	07-08	48
T₄	05-31	06-06	06-18	07-06	07-10	40

处理	返青期			分蘖期			拔节期
处理	株高/ cm	叶面积/ (cm²/株)	冠干重/ (g/株)	株高/ cm	叶面积/ （cm²/株）	冠干重/ （g/株）	株高/ cm	叶面积/ （cm²/株）	冠干重/ （g/株）
T1	12a	3.14a	0.03a	35a	32.64a	0.24a	65a	76.93a	1.06a
T2	14b	3.91a	0.02a	37ab	35.33a	0.24a	73b	103.27b	1.01a
T3	16c	4.86a	0.02a	37ab	38.36a	0.29a	66a	86.42ab	0.98a
T4	23d	9.91b	0.05b	40b	39.20a	0.24a	66a	104.88b	1.01a