Variation Characteristics of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Yield After Subsoiling in Drip Irrigated Cotton Fields in Xinjiang

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200985

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of subsoiling on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of cotton field in oasis of Xinjiang, three treatments of 30 (S30), 40 (S40) and 50 (S50) of subsoiling were set in 2017 and 2018, and non-subsoiling was taken as control (CK). The results showed that compared with CK, the subsoiling could effectively reduce surface soil bulk density and soil compactness, and increase soil total porosity, and the difference was significant in the first year after the subsoiling. In 0-20 cm soil layer, compared with CK, the bulk density of S30, S40 and S50 decreased by 1.7%, 7.0% and 9.7%, respectively, and the soil compactness decreased by 36.1%, 5.8% and 21.1%, respectively, and the total porosity of soil increased by 2.2%, 9% and 12.4%, respectively in 2017. The subsoiling could improve soil moisture content and soil water storage capacity. In 0-20 cm soil layer, compared with that of CK, the soil water content of S40 increased by 18.7%, the soil water storage capacity increased by 10.5%, while the differences between S30, S50 and CK were not significant in 2017. The subsoiling could increase the content of organic matter and available phosphorus in the surface soil, while the content of available nitrogen in the soil increased in the first year (2017) after the subsoiling compared with CK, then decreased in the second year (2018), the change of available potassium in the soil showed an opposite trend, and 40 cm subsoiling had the best effect. The subsoiling significantly reduced soil salt content, and the average soil salt content of S30, S40 and S50 decreased by 21.6%, 33.3% and 49.6% compared with CK in two years. The subsoiling was beneficial to increase the yield of seed cotton, among the treatments, the yield of seed cotton in S40 increased the most compared with CK, by 15.4% and 9.7% respectively. Subsoiling the cotton field in Xinjiang oasis for 40 cm could improve the soil physical and chemical properties effectively, and increase the cotton yield significantly.

Key words: subsoiling, soil physical and chemical properties, cotton, yield, Xinjiang

CLC Number:

S562

Ma Jun, Cui Jianping, Jin Liang, Xu Haijiang, Lin Tao, Wang Liang, Shi Weijun, Guo Rensong. Variation Characteristics of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Yield After Subsoiling in Drip Irrigated Cotton Fields in Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(32): 82-87.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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年份	处理	土壤含水量			土壤蓄水量
年份	处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
2016年	CK	11.0b	11.0b	13.7a	32.9b	31.6b	38.7b
	S30	11.4b	11.9b	14.6a	33.4ab	34.0a	39.4b
	S40	13.1a	13.1a	15.4a	36.3a	37.2a	43.3a
	S50	10.4b	10.9b	10.9b	25.2c	28.5b	21.6c
2017年	CK	16.7b	13.8c	20.8a	46.2b	40.5c	60.9a
	S30	16.9b	13.1c	20.4a	46.5b	38.5c	60.6a
	S40	17.8a	15.8b	20.3a	46.7b	45.1b	55.3b
	S50	17.8a	18.2a	17.5b	50.9a	50.6a	49.5c

年份	处理	土壤含水量			土壤蓄水量
年份	处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
2016年	CK	11.0b	11.0b	13.7a	32.9b	31.6b	38.7b
	S30	11.4b	11.9b	14.6a	33.4ab	34.0a	39.4b
	S40	13.1a	13.1a	15.4a	36.3a	37.2a	43.3a
	S50	10.4b	10.9b	10.9b	25.2c	28.5b	21.6c
2017年	CK	16.7b	13.8c	20.8a	46.2b	40.5c	60.9a
	S30	16.9b	13.1c	20.4a	46.5b	38.5c	60.6a
	S40	17.8a	15.8b	20.3a	46.7b	45.1b	55.3b
	S50	17.8a	18.2a	17.5b	50.9a	50.6a	49.5c

年份	处理	有机质			速效氮			速效磷			速效钾
年份	处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
2017	CK	7.5c	5.2a	5.8a	53.5c	53.5b	49.7b	16.6b	9.7a	8.6a	228.0a	207.0a	181.0a
	S30	9.4a	2.1b	2.5c	74.4b	20.1d	14.5c	23.1a	1.8b	1.8b	198.0b	75.0d	89.5c
	S40	8.6b	4.6a	4.1b	77.6ab	71.5a	58.3a	22.6a	4.6ab	2.4b	162.5c	150.5b	110.5b
	S50	8.6b	4.9a	2.4c	82.6a	31.2c	16.9c	19.9ab	3.6ab	2.4b	161.0c	89.0c	101.8b
2018	CK	7.4c	4.7c	3.5a	37.5b	14.9c	17.1a	9.4a	3.2a	2.2a	54.0c	62.3c	88.8b
	S30	9.7a	7.2a	3.2ab	44.1a	30.2a	10.6b	12.4a	6.6a	1.4a	91.0b	88.0b	102.5a
	S40	9.9a	4.6c	3.7a	35.1b	23.7b	12.6b	12.6a	5.6a	1.1a	106.0a	106.5a	105.0a
	S50	8.3b	6.3b	2.7b	39.6ab	25.7ab	4.9c	10.3a	5.4a	1.1a	86.5b	43.0d	64.5c

年份	处理	有机质			速效氮			速效磷			速效钾
年份	处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
2017	CK	7.5c	5.2a	5.8a	53.5c	53.5b	49.7b	16.6b	9.7a	8.6a	228.0a	207.0a	181.0a
	S30	9.4a	2.1b	2.5c	74.4b	20.1d	14.5c	23.1a	1.8b	1.8b	198.0b	75.0d	89.5c
	S40	8.6b	4.6a	4.1b	77.6ab	71.5a	58.3a	22.6a	4.6ab	2.4b	162.5c	150.5b	110.5b
	S50	8.6b	4.9a	2.4c	82.6a	31.2c	16.9c	19.9ab	3.6ab	2.4b	161.0c	89.0c	101.8b
2018	CK	7.4c	4.7c	3.5a	37.5b	14.9c	17.1a	9.4a	3.2a	2.2a	54.0c	62.3c	88.8b
	S30	9.7a	7.2a	3.2ab	44.1a	30.2a	10.6b	12.4a	6.6a	1.4a	91.0b	88.0b	102.5a
	S40	9.9a	4.6c	3.7a	35.1b	23.7b	12.6b	12.6a	5.6a	1.1a	106.0a	106.5a	105.0a
	S50	8.3b	6.3b	2.7b	39.6ab	25.7ab	4.9c	10.3a	5.4a	1.1a	86.5b	43.0d	64.5c

年份	处理	收获株数/(10⁴株/hm²)	单株铃数/个	单铃重/g	衣分/%	子棉产量/(kg/hm²)	皮棉产量/(kg/hm²)
2017年	CK	15.3a	5.2b	4.9a	40.5a	3898.4b	1578.9b
	S30	15.6a	5.3b	4.8a	40.6a	3943.8b	1601.2b
	S40	14.9a	6.1a	5.0a	40.1a	4499.1a	1804.1a
	S50	15.5a	5.0b	5.1a	40.8a	3975.8b	1620.9b
2018年	CK	18.4a	4.3a	6.0a	43.8a	4736.0b	2076.5b
	S30	18.7a	4.5a	6.1a	44.0a	5150.0a	2265.3a
	S40	18.9a	4.5a	6.1a	44.3a	5197.4a	2303.3a
	S50	18.5a	4.4a	5.9a	44.3a	4789.4b	2120.0b