Effects of Vermicompost Substrate on Tomato Growth and Quality

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191201017

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide technical support for the resource utilization of livestock manures and food wastes, the tomato growth substrate was made with food waste vermicompost or pig manure vermicompost, peat, perlite and vermiculite in different proportions, and then using conventional substrate as controls, the best vermicompost substrate was selected through the analysis of the growth and quality of tomato. The results showed that, the physical and chemical properties of the growth substrate made up of pig manure vermicompost and food waste vermicompost were good, which were suitable for tomato growth. Overall, in all treatments, T5(40% food waste vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) and T6(40% pig manure vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) treatment with 40% vermicompost had the best effect, compared with CK, the fruit weight of T5 and T6 increased by 102.84% and 95.05%, Vc content increased by 76.64% and 77.16%, soluble protein content increased by 1.27 and 1.35 mg/g respectively, soluble sugar content increased by 6.73 and 10.54 mg/g respectively, and organic acid content of T5 decreased by 23.40%. T5 and T6 treatment have the same overall effect, which can meet the requirements of the market, and the formula can be recommended for factory production of tomato substrate.

Key words: food waste, vermicompost, substrates, tomato, quality, growth

CLC Number:

S641.2
X7

Dong Qingjun, Yang Kai, Wu Qian, Li Yuanbin, Yin Xiaodong, Xu Luyao, Li Huixin, Jiao Jiaguo. Effects of Vermicompost Substrate on Tomato Growth and Quality[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(34): 51-57.

Figures/Tables 8

References 31

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处理	具体物料配比（体积）
CK	市场常规基质（50%有机肥+30%蛭石+15%珍珠岩+5%草炭）
T1	纯餐余蚓粪基质
T2	纯猪粪蚓粪基质
T3	60%餐余蚓粪+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T4	60%猪粪蚓粪+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T5	40%餐余蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T6	40%猪粪蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石

处理	具体物料配比（体积）
CK	市场常规基质（50%有机肥+30%蛭石+15%珍珠岩+5%草炭）
T1	纯餐余蚓粪基质
T2	纯猪粪蚓粪基质
T3	60%餐余蚓粪+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T4	60%猪粪蚓粪+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T5	40%餐余蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石
T6	40%猪粪蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石

处理	pH	EC值/(mS/cm)	容重/(g/cm³)	总孔隙度/%	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
CK	7.30	3.10	0.50	60.46	364.06	10.41	11.77	25.66	422.27	6741.67
T1	6.98	4.17	0.59	47.47	518.19	25.59	21.95	7.93	964.63	3416.67
T2	7.33	2.57	0.82	55.39	241.28	9.86	19.64	8.71	847.15	3175.00
T3	7.22	2.39	0.49	42.46	299.35	16.51	13.11	17.84	973.55	2675.00
T4	7.25	2.16	0.63	42.60	163.24	7.84	16.03	12.69	849.67	3550.00
T5	6.92	2.12	0.44	49.63	302.90	12.51	12.45	22.85	906.81	2908.33
T6	7.33	1.92	0.56	47.57	187.05	7.25	15.28	16.93	830.78	3583.33

处理	pH	EC值/(mS/cm)	容重/(g/cm³)	总孔隙度/%	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
CK	7.30	3.10	0.50	60.46	364.06	10.41	11.77	25.66	422.27	6741.67
T1	6.98	4.17	0.59	47.47	518.19	25.59	21.95	7.93	964.63	3416.67
T2	7.33	2.57	0.82	55.39	241.28	9.86	19.64	8.71	847.15	3175.00
T3	7.22	2.39	0.49	42.46	299.35	16.51	13.11	17.84	973.55	2675.00
T4	7.25	2.16	0.63	42.60	163.24	7.84	16.03	12.69	849.67	3550.00
T5	6.92	2.12	0.44	49.63	302.90	12.51	12.45	22.85	906.81	2908.33
T6	7.33	1.92	0.56	47.57	187.05	7.25	15.28	16.93	830.78	3583.33

处理	净光合速率/[μmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度/[mol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度/[mmol/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率/[mmol/(m²·s)]
CK	5.13±1.38ab	0.08±0.03bc	174.89±9.44b	3.26±0.96cd
T1	2.02±0.19c	0.02±0.00d	128.86±12.60c	1.04±0.07e
T2	4.04±0.54bc	0.05±0.01cd	155.88±10.15bc	2.51±0.26de
T3	6.64±0.42a	0.15±0.02a	206.09±8.85a	6.34±0.42a
T4	4.84±0.71ab	0.07±0.01bc	168.44±10.01b	3.58±0.45cd
T5	3.79±0.52bc	0.14±0.02a	216.33±4.49a	5.45±0.44ab
T6	6.56±0.68a	0.11±0.02ab	129.04±11.44c	4.48±0.63bc