Effects of Soil Remediation and Mulching with Grass-proof Cloth on Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Tableland Pomelo Orchard

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0305

Abstract

Abstract:

To promote the popularization of grass planting techniques and soil acidification treatments in orchard, and enhance the high-quality development of Guanxi pomelo production, the runoff plot method was used to observe the control effect of mulching with grass-proof cloth and soil remediation on soil runoff and non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in Guanxi pomelo orchards. The main results showed that: (1) mulching with grass-proof cloth could significantly reduce the surface runoff, and the runoff of each time was 21.29%-86.29% of the control area; (2) zeolite powder and dolomite powder could significantly reduce the concentration and loss of total nitrogen and soluble total nitrogen in runoff, and the total nitrogen loss was 64.16% and 63.39% of the control (the cleaning tillage) respectively, and the soluble total nitrogen concentration was 56.76% and 57.65% of the control (the cleaning tillage) respectively; zeolite powder and dolomite powder could reduce the concentration and loss of total phosphorus and soluble total phosphorus in runoff, but the difference was not significant; the effects of zeolite powder and dolomite powder had no significant difference; (3) mulching with grass-proof cloth could significantly reduce total nitrogen loss and soluble total nitrogen concentration of soil runoff, significantly reduce total phosphorus and soluble total phosphorus concentration of annual runoff; the average concentration of annual runoff total phosphorus and annual runoff soluble total phosphorus was 0.035 and 0.006 mg/L, respectively; the total phosphorus of runoff was significantly reduced by 11.54 g/hm², and the total phosphorus loss of annual runoff was very significantly reduced by 2.02 mg/hm². The techniques of grass planting could reduce runoff volume and the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff, so as to cut down the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus; the treatments of soil remediation could reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff, to decrease the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Key words: soil remediation, soil conditioner, mulch, orchard, grass-proof cloth, nitrogen, phosphorus

CLC Number:

S156.2

Li Falin, Zhuang Mulai, Qian Xiaojie, Shi Guoqiang, Cao Minghua, Zhang Tianxiang, Lin Xiaolan, Wu Ying, Li Yan. Effects of Soil Remediation and Mulching with Grass-proof Cloth on Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Tableland Pomelo Orchard[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(10): 94-100.

Figures/Tables 9

References 22

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项目			5/3	5/7	5/31	6/20	6/25	7/6	7/9	7/12	7/13	7/23	8/1	8/3	8/14	8/24	合计
总氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	14.53	8.91	9.12	3.14	3.03	4.88	5.33	2.48	2.31	4.17	3.81	2.91	2.65	2.78	5.23
		沸石粉	13.36	4.82	3.76	1.19	1.93	4.37	3.76	1.81	1.67	3.07	2.95	2.01	2.11	1.89	3.22
		白云石	13.95	6.67	3.97	1.32	2.13	2.64	2.45	1.41	1.71	2.95	2.78	1.87	1.98	1.76	3.25
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	413.33	1185.00	1371.67	88.33	63.33	200.00	486.67	333.33	136.67	576.67	270.00	155.00	135.00	211.67	5626.67
		沸石粉	380.00	653.33	563.33	58.33	41.67	185.00	335.00	240.00	120.00	443.33	235.00	115.00	108.33	131.67	3610.00
		白云石	403.33	880.00	596.67	43.33	45.00	110.00	220.00	193.33	123.33	410.00	211.67	105.00	108.33	118.33	3566.67
可溶性总氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	6.76	8.7	6.84	3.03	2.88	4.16	4.65	2.35	2.24	4.02	3.72	2.82	2.22	2.65	4.51
		沸石粉	5.17	3.65	3.45	1.13	1.37	2.25	2.58	1.72	1.42	2.93	2.89	1.78	1.89	1.76	2.56
		白云石	5.56	5.34	3.69	1.28	1.55	2.22	2.26	1.25	1.69	2.09	2.71	1.65	1.56	1.43	2.60
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	193.33	1156.67	1028.33	85.00	60.00	170.00	423.33	316.67	133.33	555.00	265.00	150.00	113.33	201.67	4851.67
		沸石粉	146.67	495.00	516.67	56.67	30.00	95.00	230.00	228.33	101.67	423.33	230.00	101.67	96.67	121.67	2873.33
		白云石	160.00	703.33	553.33	41.67	33.33	93.33	203.33	171.67	121.67	290.00	206.67	93.33	85.00	96.67	2853.33

项目			5/3	5/7	5/31	6/20	6/25	7/6	7/9	7/12	7/13	7/23	8/1	8/3	8/14	8/24	合计
总氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	14.53	8.91	9.12	3.14	3.03	4.88	5.33	2.48	2.31	4.17	3.81	2.91	2.65	2.78	5.23
		沸石粉	13.36	4.82	3.76	1.19	1.93	4.37	3.76	1.81	1.67	3.07	2.95	2.01	2.11	1.89	3.22
		白云石	13.95	6.67	3.97	1.32	2.13	2.64	2.45	1.41	1.71	2.95	2.78	1.87	1.98	1.76	3.25
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	413.33	1185.00	1371.67	88.33	63.33	200.00	486.67	333.33	136.67	576.67	270.00	155.00	135.00	211.67	5626.67
		沸石粉	380.00	653.33	563.33	58.33	41.67	185.00	335.00	240.00	120.00	443.33	235.00	115.00	108.33	131.67	3610.00
		白云石	403.33	880.00	596.67	43.33	45.00	110.00	220.00	193.33	123.33	410.00	211.67	105.00	108.33	118.33	3566.67
可溶性总氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	6.76	8.7	6.84	3.03	2.88	4.16	4.65	2.35	2.24	4.02	3.72	2.82	2.22	2.65	4.51
		沸石粉	5.17	3.65	3.45	1.13	1.37	2.25	2.58	1.72	1.42	2.93	2.89	1.78	1.89	1.76	2.56
		白云石	5.56	5.34	3.69	1.28	1.55	2.22	2.26	1.25	1.69	2.09	2.71	1.65	1.56	1.43	2.60
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	193.33	1156.67	1028.33	85.00	60.00	170.00	423.33	316.67	133.33	555.00	265.00	150.00	113.33	201.67	4851.67
		沸石粉	146.67	495.00	516.67	56.67	30.00	95.00	230.00	228.33	101.67	423.33	230.00	101.67	96.67	121.67	2873.33
		白云石	160.00	703.33	553.33	41.67	33.33	93.33	203.33	171.67	121.67	290.00	206.67	93.33	85.00	96.67	2853.33

项目			5/3	5/7	5/31	6/20	6/25	7/6	7/9	7/12	7/13	7/23	8/1	8/3	8/14	8/24	合计
氨态氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	3.51	4.91	3.76	1.45	2.34	2.01	2.25	1.15	1.13	1.72	1.89	1.62	1.11	1.22	2.35
		沸石粉	1.82	0.65	1.01	0.51	0.44	0.91	0.756	0.61	0.43	0.76	0.91	0.78	0.65	0.83	0.77
		白云石	3.21	1.91	2.11	0.74	0.78	1.32	0.87	0.55	0.46	0.54	1.16	0.83	0.89	0.94	1.15
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	105.00	651.67	565.00	41.67	48.33	81.67	205.00	155.00	66.67	238.33	135.00	86.67	56.67	93.33	2528.33
		沸石粉	51.67	88.33	151.67	25.00	10.00	38.33	66.67	81.67	31.67	110.00	71.67	45.00	33.33	56.67	861.67
		白云石	93.33	251.67	316.67	23.33	16.67	55.00	78.33	75.00	33.33	75.00	88.33	41.67	48.33	63.33	1260.00
硝态氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	3.11	2.84	2.81	0.62	0.42	1.51	2.08	1.05	0.888	1.28	1.41	1.08	0.79	0.66	1.66
		沸石粉	2.58	1.08	1.91	0.35	0.72	0.65	0.97	1.07	0.234	1.3	0.81	0.91	0.67	0.53	1.06
		白云石	2.08	2.1	1.49	0.51	0.43	0.89	0.76	0.51	0.412	0.81	0.65	0.78	0.49	0.42	0.96
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	88.33	378.33	421.67	18.33	8.33	61.67	190.00	141.67	53.33	176.67	100.00	58.33	40.00	50.00	1785.00
		沸石粉	73.33	146.67	286.67	16.67	15.00	28.33	86.67	141.67	16.67	188.33	65.00	51.67	33.33	36.67	1186.67
		白云石	60.00	276.67	223.33	16.67	10.00	36.67	68.33	70.00	30.00	113.33	50.00	43.33	26.67	28.33	1051.67

项目			5/3	5/7	5/31	6/20	6/25	7/6	7/9	7/12	7/13	7/23	8/1	8/3	8/14	8/24	合计
氨态氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	3.51	4.91	3.76	1.45	2.34	2.01	2.25	1.15	1.13	1.72	1.89	1.62	1.11	1.22	2.35
		沸石粉	1.82	0.65	1.01	0.51	0.44	0.91	0.756	0.61	0.43	0.76	0.91	0.78	0.65	0.83	0.77
		白云石	3.21	1.91	2.11	0.74	0.78	1.32	0.87	0.55	0.46	0.54	1.16	0.83	0.89	0.94	1.15
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	105.00	651.67	565.00	41.67	48.33	81.67	205.00	155.00	66.67	238.33	135.00	86.67	56.67	93.33	2528.33
		沸石粉	51.67	88.33	151.67	25.00	10.00	38.33	66.67	81.67	31.67	110.00	71.67	45.00	33.33	56.67	861.67
		白云石	93.33	251.67	316.67	23.33	16.67	55.00	78.33	75.00	33.33	75.00	88.33	41.67	48.33	63.33	1260.00
硝态氮	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	3.11	2.84	2.81	0.62	0.42	1.51	2.08	1.05	0.888	1.28	1.41	1.08	0.79	0.66	1.66
		沸石粉	2.58	1.08	1.91	0.35	0.72	0.65	0.97	1.07	0.234	1.3	0.81	0.91	0.67	0.53	1.06
		白云石	2.08	2.1	1.49	0.51	0.43	0.89	0.76	0.51	0.412	0.81	0.65	0.78	0.49	0.42	0.96
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	88.33	378.33	421.67	18.33	8.33	61.67	190.00	141.67	53.33	176.67	100.00	58.33	40.00	50.00	1785.00
		沸石粉	73.33	146.67	286.67	16.67	15.00	28.33	86.67	141.67	16.67	188.33	65.00	51.67	33.33	36.67	1186.67
		白云石	60.00	276.67	223.33	16.67	10.00	36.67	68.33	70.00	30.00	113.33	50.00	43.33	26.67	28.33	1051.67

项目			5/3	5/7	5/31	6/20	6/25	7/6	7/9	7/12	7/13	7/23	8/1	8/3	8/14	8/24	合计
总磷	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	0.285	0.126	0.148	0.066	0.05	0.174	0.066	0.154	0.101	0.101	0.91	0.88	0.861	0.976	0.317
		沸石粉	0.304	0.147	0.129	0.049	0.063	0.131	0.035	0.076	0.056	0.097	0.79	0.653	0.556	0.543	0.224
		白云石	0.221	0.231	0.112	0.054	0.037	0.098	0.031	0.071	0.056	0.094	0.74	0.611	0.512	0.512	0.221
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	8.12	16.76	22.25	1.87	1.04	7.12	6.02	20.75	5.99	13.95	72.40	47.05	43.87	74.26	341.43
		沸石粉	8.65	19.86	19.32	2.43	1.37	5.54	3.08	10.02	4.02	13.94	60.06	37.55	28.33	37.59	251.74
		白云石	6.35	30.32	16.82	1.75	0.80	4.11	2.78	9.73	4.02	12.99	56.26	34.47	28.02	34.47	242.86
可溶性总磷	浓度/ (mg/L)	对照	0.023	0.034	0.043	0.031	0.050	0.055	0.021	0.037	0.059	0.015	0.038	0.041	0.031	0.035	0.041
		沸石粉	0.045	0.051	0.031	0.016	0.026	0.047	0.003	0.024	0.016	0.021	0.025	0.022	0.018	0.019	0.032
		白云石	0.029	0.037	0.025	0.022	0.022	0.035	0.006	0.014	0.017	0.022	0.021	0.020	0.019	0.016	0.023
	流失量/ (g/hm²)	对照	0.66	4.52	6.46	0.88	1.04	2.25	1.92	4.99	3.50	2.07	3.02	2.19	1.58	2.66	37.74
		沸石粉	1.27	6.85	4.64	0.79	0.56	1.98	0.27	3.19	1.15	3.03	1.90	1.27	0.92	1.32	29.12
		白云石	0.82	4.88	3.68	0.70	0.45	1.47	0.54	1.92	1.22	3.06	1.60	1.13	1.04	1.08	23.58