Rice Straw Biochar: Effects on Nutrient Absorption and Yield of Wheat in Jianghan Plain

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0396

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aims to reveal the effects of rice straw biochar application amount and time on nutrient absorption, soil nutrient content and yield of wheat after rice in Jianghan Plain. The typical fluvo-aquic area of rice-wheat rotation in Jianghan Plain was selected, and the basal application of chemical fertilizer with no biochar was used as the control. The treatments were set up, including the application before wheat sowing, topdressing at jointing stage, and different-amount biochar application at both of the stages. The wheat grains, plant stems and leaves, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil were detected with colorimetry and flame photometer methods. The grain yields were also compared. The results showed that the application of biochar could promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat grains, plant stems and leaves, and increase the total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in above ground plant parts. The highest values appeared when the basal and topdressing application of biochar was 13500 kg/hm². Compared with the control, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in grain were increased by 20.3%, 17.8% and 12.4%, respectively, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in stems and leaves were increased by 11.9%, 34.5% and 13.9%, respectively, while the total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were increased significantly by 18.2%, 24.0% and 13.7% (P < 0.05), respectively. After biochar application, the soil pH, organic matter and available phosphorus content were increased, and wheat plant height, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were improved. The application of rice straw biochar can promote soil condition and wheat yield.

Key words: biochar, rice straw, wheat, yield, plant nutrient, soil nutrient

CLC Number:

S316

Liu Meiling, Liu Yue, Chen Tingting, Zou Juan, Shi Wenqi, Zeng Fansong, Gong Shuangjun, Huang Zhenyu, Liu Wei, Yang Lijun, Yu Dazhao. Rice Straw Biochar: Effects on Nutrient Absorption and Yield of Wheat in Jianghan Plain[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(15): 7-13.

Figures/Tables 7

References 32

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处理	播种期基施/(kg/hm²)	返青拔节期追施/(kg/hm²)
A₁	9000^a	0
A₂	13500	0
B₁	0	9000
B₂	0	13500
A₁+B₁	9000	9000
A₂+B₂	13500	13500
CK	0	0

处理	播种期基施/(kg/hm²)	返青拔节期追施/(kg/hm²)
A₁	9000^a	0
A₂	13500	0
B₁	0	9000
B₂	0	13500
A₁+B₁	9000	9000
A₂+B₂	13500	13500
CK	0	0

处理	籽粒		茎叶		氮总积累量/(kg/hm²)
处理	氮含量/%	氮积累量/(kg/hm²)	氮含量/%	氮积累量/(kg/hm²)	氮总积累量/(kg/hm²)
A₁	1.77 a	202.4±14.1 ab	0.47 ab	70.3±5.0 a	272.6±17.5 a
A₂	1.77 a	215.6±17.3 a	0.48 ab	66.9±5.2 ab	282.5±21.5 a
B₁	1.86 a	214.4±11.6 a	0.51 ab	66.1±1.7 ab	280.5±13.6 a
B₂	1.75 a	207.3±11.4 ab	0.54 a	66.7±3.9 ab	274.0±12.6 a
A₁+B₁	1.76 a	219.6±14.3 a	0.46 ab	65.4±2.9 ab	285.0±20.4 a
A₂+B₂	1.84 a	221.5±16.0 a	0.50 ab	70.4±5.6 a	291.9±21.6 a
CK	1.74 a	184.1±15.8 b	0.44 b	62.9±2.5 b	246.9±18.7 b

处理	籽粒		茎叶		氮总积累量/(kg/hm²)
处理	氮含量/%	氮积累量/(kg/hm²)	氮含量/%	氮积累量/(kg/hm²)	氮总积累量/(kg/hm²)
A₁	1.77 a	202.4±14.1 ab	0.47 ab	70.3±5.0 a	272.6±17.5 a
A₂	1.77 a	215.6±17.3 a	0.48 ab	66.9±5.2 ab	282.5±21.5 a
B₁	1.86 a	214.4±11.6 a	0.51 ab	66.1±1.7 ab	280.5±13.6 a
B₂	1.75 a	207.3±11.4 ab	0.54 a	66.7±3.9 ab	274.0±12.6 a
A₁+B₁	1.76 a	219.6±14.3 a	0.46 ab	65.4±2.9 ab	285.0±20.4 a
A₂+B₂	1.84 a	221.5±16.0 a	0.50 ab	70.4±5.6 a	291.9±21.6 a
CK	1.74 a	184.1±15.8 b	0.44 b	62.9±2.5 b	246.9±18.7 b

处理	籽粒		茎叶		磷总积累量/(kg/hm²)
处理	磷含量/%	磷积累量/(kg/hm²)	磷含量/%	磷积累量/(kg/hm²)	磷总积累量/(kg/hm²)
A₁	0.36 a	42.1±2.4 bc	0.09 a	12.8±2.3 a	54.9±4.3 ab
A₂	0.40 a	46.5±3.0 a	0.09 a	14.1±3.0 a	59.2±5.8 a
B₁	0.41 a	47.1±4.0 a	0.08 a	10.6±2.0 a	57.7±5.9 ab
B₂	0.40 a	45.4±3.4 ab	0.09 a	11.7±1.5 a	57.1±4.5 ab
A₁+B₁	0.41 a	42.6±1.0 bc	0.09 a	12.7±1.6 a	55.3±3.3 ab
A₂+B₂	0.40 a	46.3±2.8 a	0.09 a	14.8±2.9 a	62.5±5.7 a
CK	0.35 a	39.3±3.8 c	0.08 a	11.0±2.1 a	50.4±5.0 b