Effects on Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization of Japonica Rice on Yunnan Plateau Under Different N Fertilizer Levels

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0672

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of the experiment is to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on the yield, growth, dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and utilization of japonica rice on Yunnan Plateau, and provide a basis for reduced application of nitrogen fertilizer. In this research, non-glutinous japonica rice ‘Chujing 28’ and glutinous japonica rice ‘Yunkejing 1’ were selected as the test materials. Based on the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application method, 5 treatments of nitrogen level 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/hm ² (N₀, N₁, N₂, N₃ and N₄) were set up in the test. The results showed that the yield of the 2 japonica rice varieties increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer increase. With N1 treatment, the yield and yield increase of ‘Yunkejing 1’ were significantly higher than that of ‘Chujing 28’, under other nitrogen level treatments, the yield of ‘Chujing 28’ was higher than that of ‘Yunkejing 1’. With the application of nitrogen fertilizer, ‘Chujing 28’ had bigger effective panicle number and higher seed setting rate, which were higher than that of ‘Yunkejing 1’ by 13.36% and 6.24% on average. Nitrogen fertilizer prolonged ‘Chujing 28’ growth stage by 1-8 days and increased the total number of leaf by 0-1, and prolonged ‘Yunkejing 1’ growth stage by 2-9 days and increased its total number of leaf by 0.3-1.1. The dry matter accumulation and total nitrogen absorption of ‘Chujing 28’ were higher than that of ‘Yunkejing 1’ by 4.42% and 18.43% on average, and the nitrogen fertilizer absorption efficiency of ‘Chujing 28’ was higher than that of ‘Yunkejing 1’ by 2.66%. In conclusion, the yield and nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency of non-glutinous japonica rice are higher than that of glutinous japonica rice. The suitable nitrogen fertilizer level is 225 kg/hm² for non-glutinous japonica rice ‘Chujing 28’ and 150 kg/hm ² for glutinous japonica rice ‘Yunkejing 1’.

Key words: non-glutinous japonica rice, glutinous japonica rice, nitrogen fertilizer levels, yield, nitrogen uptake and utilization

CLC Number:

S511

Zhang Jinwen, Deng Wei, Lv Yonggang, Lv Ying, Xu Yuran, Gu Anyu, Nian Wei, An Hua, Dong Wei, Li Xiaolin. Effects on Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization of Japonica Rice on Yunnan Plateau Under Different N Fertilizer Levels[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(34): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

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年份	品种	处理	产量/(kg/hm²)			变异系数/%	增产幅度/%
年份	品种	处理	均值	最小值	最大值	变异系数/%	增产幅度/%
2019	楚粳28	N₀	6377.2±369.81dD	6069.45	6638.93	5.8
		N₁	7637±163.34cC	7375.26	7898.73	2.14	19.75
		N₂	8961.5±111.29bB	8699.74	9223.23	1.24	17.34
		N₃	9336±310.26aAB	8974.275	9597.73	3.32	4.18
		N₄	9523±337.82aA	9161.27	9784.73	3.55	2.00
	云科粳1号	N₀	6287.65±357.37cC	5899.55	6675.72	5.68
		N₁	8004.25±386.3bB	7616.18	8392.32	4.83	27.30
		N₂	8828.5±336.13aA	8440.43	9216.57	3.81	10.30
		N₃	9289.2±221.4aA	8901.13	9677.27	2.38	5.14
		N₄	9240.05±186.81aA	8851.98	9628.12	2.02	-0.53
2018	楚粳28	N₀	6558.35±302.12cC	6265.76	6850.94	5.80
		N₁	7614.45±263.75bB	7321.86	7907.04	2.14	16.10
		N₂	9077.7±247.41aA	8785.11	9370.29	1.24	19.22
		N₃	9472.3±287.75aA	9179.71	9764.89	2.57	4.35
		N₄	9458.7±270.04aA	9166.11	9751.29	2.62	0.14
	云科粳1号	N₀	6217.5±497.78cC	5797.04	6637.96	4.61
		N₁	7916.7±308.2bB	7496.24	8337.16	3.46	27.33
		N₂	8515.65±359.07aAB	8095.19	8936.11	2.73	7.57
		N₃	8903.9±240.84aA	8483.44	9324.36	3.04	4.56
		N₄	8933.85±366.61aA	8513.39	9354.31	2.85	0.34

年份	品种	处理	产量/(kg/hm²)			变异系数/%	增产幅度/%
年份	品种	处理	均值	最小值	最大值	变异系数/%	增产幅度/%
2019	楚粳28	N₀	6377.2±369.81dD	6069.45	6638.93	5.8
		N₁	7637±163.34cC	7375.26	7898.73	2.14	19.75
		N₂	8961.5±111.29bB	8699.74	9223.23	1.24	17.34
		N₃	9336±310.26aAB	8974.275	9597.73	3.32	4.18
		N₄	9523±337.82aA	9161.27	9784.73	3.55	2.00
	云科粳1号	N₀	6287.65±357.37cC	5899.55	6675.72	5.68
		N₁	8004.25±386.3bB	7616.18	8392.32	4.83	27.30
		N₂	8828.5±336.13aA	8440.43	9216.57	3.81	10.30
		N₃	9289.2±221.4aA	8901.13	9677.27	2.38	5.14
		N₄	9240.05±186.81aA	8851.98	9628.12	2.02	-0.53
2018	楚粳28	N₀	6558.35±302.12cC	6265.76	6850.94	5.80
		N₁	7614.45±263.75bB	7321.86	7907.04	2.14	16.10
		N₂	9077.7±247.41aA	8785.11	9370.29	1.24	19.22
		N₃	9472.3±287.75aA	9179.71	9764.89	2.57	4.35
		N₄	9458.7±270.04aA	9166.11	9751.29	2.62	0.14
	云科粳1号	N₀	6217.5±497.78cC	5797.04	6637.96	4.61
		N₁	7916.7±308.2bB	7496.24	8337.16	3.46	27.33
		N₂	8515.65±359.07aAB	8095.19	8936.11	2.73	7.57
		N₃	8903.9±240.84aA	8483.44	9324.36	3.04	4.56
		N₄	8933.85±366.61aA	8513.39	9354.31	2.85	0.34

年份	品种	处理	有效穗数/(万穗/hm²)	穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g
2019	楚粳28	N₀	172.46±13.42dD	119.95±9.36cC	89.91±1.39aA	23.81±0.53aA
		N₁	204.46±12.6cC	132.35±8.23bB	87.74±2.9aA	24.30±1.17aA
		N₂	211.57±22.21bB	130.86±11.99bB	86.72±1.54aA	23.79±0.72aA
		N₃	234.68±4.62bB	152.40±8.01bB	86.43±1.04aA	23.60±0.59aA
		N₄	285.13±24.05aA	165.67±12.65aA	84.13±1.66bB	23.32±0.33aA
	云科粳1号	N₀	148.16±31.22cC	128.07±14.95aA	84.25±0.93aA	25.51±0.1abA
		N₁	192.31±13.58bB	138.54±7.68bA	82.25±3.56aA	25.24±0.16bAB
		N₂	213.35±23.52bB	134.21±8.23bA	81.72±2.32aA	25.31±0.28abAB
		N₃	216.31±31.22bB	156.70±11.32aA	81.84±4.49aA	25.87±0.13aA
		N₄	239.06±15.56aA	162.04±17.25aA	80.21±3.76bB	25.45±0.36abAB
2018	楚粳28	N₀	171.86±28.58cC	141.78±19.54bB	87.26±4.96aA	24.27±0.71aA
		N₁	198.53±5.13bcBC	144.77±2.88abAB	86.99±1.54aA	24.13±0.99aA
		N₂	234.09±22.37bB	146.27±4.41abAB	85.64±3.66aA	24.97±0.78aA
		N₃	240.02±38.75bB	157.58±4.44aA	84.27±2.87aA	24.40±0.53aA
		N₄	293.35±17.78aA	154.94±9.48aA	83.37±0.42aA	24.00±0.52aA
	云科粳1号	N₀	132.45±4.07dD	135.68±7.5bB	86.42±1.96aA	26.00±0.69aA
		N₁	176.90±8.57cC	150.54±7.65abAB	85.32±2.26aA	26.51±0.53aA
		N₂	188.46±4.07cC	159.39±4.83abAB	82.53±4.55aA	25.80±0.85aA
		N₃	212.46±4.07bB	166.05±3.53aA	82.87±4.1aA	25.90±0.1aA
		N₄	225.91±22.37aA	164.59±2.68aA	82.16±3.88aA	25.70±0.26aA

年份	品种	处理	有效穗数/(万穗/hm²)	穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g
2019	楚粳28	N₀	172.46±13.42dD	119.95±9.36cC	89.91±1.39aA	23.81±0.53aA
		N₁	204.46±12.6cC	132.35±8.23bB	87.74±2.9aA	24.30±1.17aA
		N₂	211.57±22.21bB	130.86±11.99bB	86.72±1.54aA	23.79±0.72aA
		N₃	234.68±4.62bB	152.40±8.01bB	86.43±1.04aA	23.60±0.59aA
		N₄	285.13±24.05aA	165.67±12.65aA	84.13±1.66bB	23.32±0.33aA
	云科粳1号	N₀	148.16±31.22cC	128.07±14.95aA	84.25±0.93aA	25.51±0.1abA
		N₁	192.31±13.58bB	138.54±7.68bA	82.25±3.56aA	25.24±0.16bAB
		N₂	213.35±23.52bB	134.21±8.23bA	81.72±2.32aA	25.31±0.28abAB
		N₃	216.31±31.22bB	156.70±11.32aA	81.84±4.49aA	25.87±0.13aA
		N₄	239.06±15.56aA	162.04±17.25aA	80.21±3.76bB	25.45±0.36abAB
2018	楚粳28	N₀	171.86±28.58cC	141.78±19.54bB	87.26±4.96aA	24.27±0.71aA
		N₁	198.53±5.13bcBC	144.77±2.88abAB	86.99±1.54aA	24.13±0.99aA
		N₂	234.09±22.37bB	146.27±4.41abAB	85.64±3.66aA	24.97±0.78aA
		N₃	240.02±38.75bB	157.58±4.44aA	84.27±2.87aA	24.40±0.53aA
		N₄	293.35±17.78aA	154.94±9.48aA	83.37±0.42aA	24.00±0.52aA
	云科粳1号	N₀	132.45±4.07dD	135.68±7.5bB	86.42±1.96aA	26.00±0.69aA
		N₁	176.90±8.57cC	150.54±7.65abAB	85.32±2.26aA	26.51±0.53aA
		N₂	188.46±4.07cC	159.39±4.83abAB	82.53±4.55aA	25.80±0.85aA
		N₃	212.46±4.07bB	166.05±3.53aA	82.87±4.1aA	25.90±0.1aA
		N₄	225.91±22.37aA	164.59±2.68aA	82.16±3.88aA	25.70±0.26aA

品种	处理	播种期(月/日)	移栽期(月/日)	齐穗期(月/日)	成熟期(月/日)	全生育期/d	主茎叶片数	成穗率/%
楚粳28	N₀	3/25	5/9	8/5	9/27	185	12.3	86.80
	N₁	3/25	5/9	8/5	9/28	186	12.3	83.69
	N₂	3/25	5/9	8/7	9/30	188	12.6	81.04
	N₃	3/25	5/9	8/8	10/2	190	13.4	81.18
	N₄	3/25	5/9	8/9	10/4	193	13.3	76.04
云科粳1号	N₀	3/25	5/9	8/6	9/28	186	12.5	84.43
	N₁	3/25	5/9	8/7	9/30	188	12.8	80.16
	N₂	3/25	5/9	8/10	10/2	190	13.0	81.22
	N₃	3/25	5/9	8/12	10/4	192	13.4	79.43
	N₄	3/25	5/9	8/13	10/7	195	13.6	74.67