Prevalence and Drug Resistance of ESBLs-Producing Salmonella Isolated from Different Poultry

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0244

Abstract

Abstract:

By understanding the prevalence and drug resistance of Salmonella carried by different poultry in Jiaodong area, the study aims to provide evidence for effective prevention and control of the epidemic transmission of Salmonella in poultry and curb its drug resistance. Conventional bacterial isolation and culture, mass spectrometry, PCR method and micro-broth dilution method were adopted, 3150 cloacal swabs collected from poultry farms in five regions of Jiaodong from August to October in 2021 were used to isolate and identify Salmonella, and carry out serotype identification, antimicrobial susceptibility test and detection of major drug resistance genes to β-lactams, and statistical methods were used to analyze significant differences. (1) A total of 194 Salmonella strains (6.16%) were isolated. The Salmonella carrying rate of waterfowl (14.36%) was higher than that of broilers (5.04%) and laying hens (1.15%). (2) S. Enteritidis (38.14%), S. Kentucky (21.65%), S. Senftenberg (14.95%), S. Indiana(12.37%), and S. Typhimurium (8.76%) were the main serotypes of Salmonella. Broilers and waterfowl (each 7 species) had more Salmonella serotypes than laying hens (3 species), but S. Enteritidis was dominant in all of them. (3) 110 strains of poultry Salmonella were relatively strong resistant to ampicillin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline (58.18%-77.27%). Meropenem-resistant strains were not detected. Strains isolated from waterfowl and broilers were more resistant than those from laying hens, especially to amoxicillin/clavulanate (P=0.031) and tetracycline (P=0.007). (4) 81 strains (73.64%) of poultry Salmonella were multi-drug resistant (MDR), with a total of 43 drug resistance spectrum types. The drug resistance spectrum of strains isolated from broilers (25 species) and waterfowl (22 species) was much more than that of laying hens (8 species). (5) bla_CTX-M (70.00%), bla_TEM (51.82%) and bla_OXA (26.36%) were detected in 110 Salmonella strains, the common drug resistance gene combination type was bla_CTX-M+bla_TEM, and there was a certain relationship between drug resistance genes and phenotypes (P≤0.001). This shows that the poultry in Jiaodong area all carry a certain proportion of Salmonella, but there are differences in the prevalence among different breeds of poultry. There are also some differences in the types of serotypes carried by different poultry, but S. Enteritidis is the most common serotype. The drug resistance of strains is more serious, and the drug resistance spectrum is complex and diverse. The resistance of poultry Salmonella to β-lactams is mainly caused by the expression of bla_CTX-M+bla_TEM gene.

Key words: poultry, Salmonella, serotype, ESBLs, prevalence, drug resistance

LI Cuihan, ZHAO Jianmei, ZUO Xiuli, LIU Na, WANG Juan, LIU Junhui, WANG Lin, ZHANG Qingqing, HUANG Xiumei, GAO Yubin, WANG Junwei, QU Zhina. Prevalence and Drug Resistance of ESBLs-Producing Salmonella Isolated from Different Poultry[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(8): 112-118.

Figures/Tables 6

References 25

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地区	肉鸡	蛋鸡	水禽	合计
LX	5.51(19/345)	4.28(9/210)	21.90(46/210)	9.67(74/765)
JM	5.22(18/345)	0.48(1/210)	9.52(20/210)	5.10(39/765)
JZ	3.33(6/180)	0(0/180)	5.00(3/60)	2.14(9/420)
JN	1.11(2/180)	0(0/180)	33.33(40/120)	8.75(42/480)
PD	7.22(26/360)	0.55(1/180)	1.67(3/180)	4.17(30/720)
合计	5.04(71/1410)	1.15(11/960)	14.36(112/780)	6.16(194/3150)

地区	肉鸡	蛋鸡	水禽	合计
LX	5.51(19/345)	4.28(9/210)	21.90(46/210)	9.67(74/765)
JM	5.22(18/345)	0.48(1/210)	9.52(20/210)	5.10(39/765)
JZ	3.33(6/180)	0(0/180)	5.00(3/60)	2.14(9/420)
JN	1.11(2/180)	0(0/180)	33.33(40/120)	8.75(42/480)
PD	7.22(26/360)	0.55(1/180)	1.67(3/180)	4.17(30/720)
合计	5.04(71/1410)	1.15(11/960)	14.36(112/780)	6.16(194/3150)

药物种类	抗生素	3种家禽耐药率情况				总体情况
药物种类	抗生素	肉鸡/56株	蛋鸡/11株	水禽/43株	P值	合计/110株
青霉素类	氨苄西林	76.79	90.91	74.42	0.504^ns	77.27
β-内酰胺酶抑制剂类	阿莫西林/克拉维酸	5.36	27.27	20.93	0.031^*	13.64
氨基糖苷类	庆大霉素	48.21	27.27	46.51	0.436^ns	45.45
氨基糖苷类	大观霉素	44.64	18.18	41.86	0.261^ns	40.91
四环素类	四环素	46.43	45.45	76.74	0.007^**	58.18
酰胺醇类	氟苯尼考	44.64	18.18	55.81	0.077^ns	46.36
磺胺类	磺胺异噁唑	64.29	54.55	69.77	0.617^ns	65.45
磺胺类	复方新诺明	33.93	27.27	30.23	0.874^ns	31.82
头孢菌素类	头孢噻呋	46.43	27.27	48.84	0.43^ns	45.45
头孢菌素类	头孢他啶	35.71	18.18	34.88	0.518^ns	33.64
喹诺酮类	恩诺沙星	42.86	27.27	46.51	0.515^ns	42.73
喹诺酮类	氧氟沙星	48.21	27.27	48.84	0.408^ns	46.36
碳青霉烯类	美罗培南	0.00	0.00	0.00	-	0.00
多粘菌素类	黏菌素	48.21	36.36	39.53	0.604^ns	43.64

药物种类	抗生素	3种家禽耐药率情况				总体情况
药物种类	抗生素	肉鸡/56株	蛋鸡/11株	水禽/43株	P值	合计/110株
青霉素类	氨苄西林	76.79	90.91	74.42	0.504^ns	77.27
β-内酰胺酶抑制剂类	阿莫西林/克拉维酸	5.36	27.27	20.93	0.031^*	13.64
氨基糖苷类	庆大霉素	48.21	27.27	46.51	0.436^ns	45.45
氨基糖苷类	大观霉素	44.64	18.18	41.86	0.261^ns	40.91
四环素类	四环素	46.43	45.45	76.74	0.007^**	58.18
酰胺醇类	氟苯尼考	44.64	18.18	55.81	0.077^ns	46.36
磺胺类	磺胺异噁唑	64.29	54.55	69.77	0.617^ns	65.45
磺胺类	复方新诺明	33.93	27.27	30.23	0.874^ns	31.82
头孢菌素类	头孢噻呋	46.43	27.27	48.84	0.43^ns	45.45
头孢菌素类	头孢他啶	35.71	18.18	34.88	0.518^ns	33.64
喹诺酮类	恩诺沙星	42.86	27.27	46.51	0.515^ns	42.73
喹诺酮类	氧氟沙星	48.21	27.27	48.84	0.408^ns	46.36
碳青霉烯类	美罗培南	0.00	0.00	0.00	-	0.00
多粘菌素类	黏菌素	48.21	36.36	39.53	0.604^ns	43.64

β-内酰胺酶耐药基因	3种家禽携带耐药基因情况			合计（110株）
β-内酰胺酶耐药基因	肉鸡（56株）	蛋鸡（11株）	水禽（43株）	合计（110株）
未检出耐药基因	21.43 (12)	9.09 (1)	4.65 (2)	13.64 (15)
bla_TEM	19.64 (11)	9.09 (1)	9.30 (4)	14.55 (16)
bla_CTX-M	14.29 (8)	-	23.26 (10)	16.36 (18)
bla_OXA	-	-	-	-
bla_TEM+bla_CTX	21.43 (12)	63.64 (7)	30.23 (13)	29.09 (32)
bla_TEM+bla_OXA	3.57 (2)	0.00 (0)	-	1.82 (2)
bla_CTX+bla_OXA	10.71 (6)	18.18 (2)	27.91 (12)	18.18 (20)
bla_TEM+bla_CTX+bla_OXA	8.93 (5)	-	4.65 (2)	6.36 (7)