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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (15): 92-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0401

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Effects of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Rice Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization and Root Morphology

MEI Tingting1(), WANG Xiaoli1(), DUAN Jianjun2, YANG Hongwei1, XU Bin1, MENG Ruoxi1, ZHANG Liwu3   

  1. 1 Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025
    2 Tobacco College of Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang 550025
    3 Yangmeinagu (Shanxi) Energy Saving Service Co., LTD., Yangquan, Shanxi 045000
  • Received:2022-05-11 Revised:2022-08-01 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-22

Abstract:

To solve the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizers, and promote the sustainable agricultural development, a field experiment was conducted. Four treatments were set as PK (P and K fertilizers only, control), NPK (conventional fertilization), 1/2NPKM (50% fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer application) and M (organic fertilizer alone), to study the effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and rice root morphology. The results showed that the yield of treatment NPK and 1/2NPKM were significantly increased by 29.53% and 27.58% compared with that of treatment PK, and by 22.11% and 20.28% compared with that of treatment M, respectively. Compared with treatment PK, treatment NPK significantly increased plant height and panicle length by 13.85% and 8.17% respectively, treatment NPK and treatment 1/2NPKM significantly increased the effective panicle number by 37.19% and 26.18% respectively, and treatment M had the highest 1000-grain weight. The accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in each treatment increased with the growth period. Compared with the treatment M, treatment 1/2NPKM significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of rice at tillering stage, heading stage and maturity stage by 36.34%, 31.85% and 22.50% respectively, and increased the nitrogen accumulation of rice by 68.24%, 73.82% and 46.67% respectively. The N utilization rate of treatment 1/2NPKM was 6.74, 5.01 and 8.61 times that of treatment M at tillering stage, heading stage and maturity stage. Different fertilization treatments had significant impact on rice morphology. Compared with treatment M, treatment 1/2NPKM significantly increased the root length, root surface area and root volume of at tillering stage by 62.79%, 51.92% and 57.28%, respectively, increased the root volume at heading stage by 18.52%, and significantly decreased the root length and root surface area at maturity stage by 29.93% and 18.70%, respectively. In conclusion, compared with treatment NPK, 50% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer ensured rice yield, but reduced nitrogen use efficiency and root growth. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for rational chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer application in yellow soil paddy fields of Guizhou Province.

Key words: combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency, rice root, yellow soil