Abstract:

To explore the effects of green fertilizer planting on spring peanut nutrient content, soil moisture content and soil fertility of later crops on bare land in winter and spring, and to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a reasonable rotation mode in spring peanut and other idle winter fields in Shandong, four rotation modes of spring peanut—winter idle field, summer peanut—winter wheat, spring peanut—Orychophragmus violaceus and spring peanut—vicia villosa were set up under the field experiment conditions. The results showed that planting the green fertilizer crops of Orychophragmus violaceus and vicia villosa could promote the increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients of later crops, and the increase degree of Orychophragmus violaceus was higher than that of vicia villosa. Planting green fertilizer crops of Orychophragmus violaceus and vicia villosa could improve soil moisture content and soil fertility of later crops. In 0-20 cm soil layer, soil moisture content of spring peanut—Orychophragmus violaceus and spring peanut—vicia villosa in 2021 increased by 4.70% and 6.14%, respectively, compared with spring peanut—winter idle field. Similar trends were also observed in the 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers, and a similar pattern was observed in 2022 compared with 2021. Compared with spring peanut—winter idle field, the contents of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in spring peanut—Orychophragmus violaceus treatment increased by 5.71%, 8.98%, 7.22% and 7.72% on average, while the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in spring peanut—vicia villosa treatment increased by 4.54% and 14.91% on average. In conclusion, green fertilizer can be planted on bare land in winter and spring during spring peanut planting to promote the increase of nutrient accumulation of later crops and improve soil fertility.

Key words: spring peanut, Orychophragmus violaceus, vicia villosa, soil water content, soil fertility