Abstract: Hydrogen is ideal renewable energy resources, with many advantages, such as clearing, no pollution. Compared the traditional technique of producing hydrogen, bio-hydrogen production can decompose organic waste to produce hydrogen. It can not only clean the environment but also has the advantage of low cost, so people pay more attention to the anaerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen. This article is about the method of the anaerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen, the characters, the types, the principle, the developing direction and the prospect.