agricultural geography

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Soil Moisture Characteristics of Different Vegetation Types in Wind-sandy Loess Region in Northern Shenmu City

YANG Ni, LIU Changhai, JIA Yuru, GU Mengyi

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (12): 65-69. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0453

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To further understand the soil water characteristics of different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau, 7 plots of 5 typical vegetation types including Caragana korshinskii 1, Caragana korshinskii 2, grassland 1, grassland 2, Pinus sylvestris, Hippophae rhammoides, and apricot were selected as the research objects in Daliuta Town, Shenmu City, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of soil water in different sites. The results showed that: (1) in the 0-100 cm soil layer, there were significant differences in soil water content and soil water storage among different vegetation types (P<0.05), with the order of apricot tree>Hippophae rhammoides>Caragana korshinskii 1>Caragana korshinskii 2>grassland 1>Pinus sylvestris>grassland 2. (2) Soil moisture content of different vegetation types increased with the increase of soil depth. The change trend of grassland 1, Pinus sylvestris and grassland 2 was not obvious. (3) Soil water storage of different vegetation types showed an increasing trend as a whole with the increase of soil depth. The water storage capacity of each vegetation was relatively small in 0-40 cm soil layer and had little change; it changed greatly in the 40-100 cm soil layer and reached the maximum in the 80-100 cm soil layer. The experiment analyzed the characteristics of soil water content and soil water storage under different vegetation types, which provided theoretical basis for the subsequent soil and water conservation, vegetation restoration and ecological environment construction in this region.

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Status of Nutrients Abundance & Deficiency and Spatial-temporal Variability of Tobacco Planting Soil in Luliang County

HAN Jiabao, DONG Yu, NONG Shangjian, JIN Jiaquan, FENG Yonghong, ZHANG Yan, GAO Qiumei, ZHANG Yanyan, LI Kai, GAO Siyuan, ZHANG Guohong, LI Xiaoting

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (4): 58-65. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0104

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To investigate the evolution and distribution of soil nutrients in tobacco-growing areas, 450 soil samples were collected in Luliang County. The classical statistical methods were used in combination with geostatistical and geographic information technology to analyze the abundance and deficiency and spatial-temporal variation of soil nutrients. The results showed that the average values of soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of tobacco-planting soil in Luliang County were pH 6.01, 2.64%, 108.47 mg/kg, 41.69 mg/kg and 200.93 mg/kg, respectively. Except for the medium variation of pH, other nutrients were belonged to strong variation. The contents of pH, organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were appropriate, but the proportions of soil pH, soil organic matter and nitrogen fertilizer needed increasing were 37.42%, 27.62% and 37.64%, respectively. At the same time, the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were rich, and the proportion of rich and suitable ranges reached 89.09% and 83.07% respectively. There were no significant differences in pH and organic matter among years, but they showed decreasing trends. There was significant difference in alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. There were significant differences in available phosphorus and available potassium and showed tendency to decrease and later increase. The spatial distribution pattern of pH value showed a transition from low in the west to suitable in east, then slightly higher in the north and the south. Organic matter gradually increased from the west to the central and then to the east. The area of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in the range of 90-120 mg/kg and the available phosphorus in the high and very high range were the largest, respectively. The available potassium gradually increased from the west to the east. The spatial variation of pH, available phosphorus and available potassium were mainly caused by human factors.

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Preliminary Screening of Soybean Varieties Suitable for Intercropping with Corn in Zibo

LIU Weixia, LU Duxu, LU Zhenyu, ZHANG Chao, ZHAI Jiqing, ZHAI Naijia, WANG Guangming

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (4): 7-13. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0073

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The aim is to promote the healthy and stable development of the corn industry, adjust and optimize the corn planting structure, enrich diversified planting patterns in Zibo City, and achieve the purpose of green, high-quality and efficient production. This study analyzed the comprehensive performance of intercropping between the same corn variety and different soybean varieties, and selected suitable soybean varieties for local intercropping cultivation preliminarily. The results showed that under the same meteorological environment, the incidence of northern leaf blight and smut of maize in intercropping mode was mild, and there was little difference in other characters. The growth period of early maturing and shade tolerant soybean varieties such as ‘Hedou 23’, ‘Hedou 12’, and ‘Qihuang 34’ was 1-3 days shorter than other varieties. They had strong resistance to Riptortuspedestris, moderate and stable main stem height, node number, and bottom pod height. The grain weight per plant was 0.53-1.72 g higher than other varieties, and the yield was 88.81-214.59 kg/hm² higher than other varieties. Overall, varieties such as ‘Hedou 23’, ‘Hedou 12’, and ‘Qihuang 34’ were suitable for intercropping of corn and soybean in Zibo region.

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Climate Change in Shiyang River Basin and Its Influence on Vegetation Index

WANG Heling, DING Wenkui, LI Xingyu, YANG Xiaoling, GUO Limei, ZHANG Jinxiu

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (4): 83-92. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0134

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The influence of climate change on vegetation cover is important for ecological environment protection in arid areas. Based on data of monthly temperatures, precipitation, sunshine, evaporation and NASA GIMMS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of Shiyang River Basin from 2000 to 2020, annual and seasonal variations trend of temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours, evaporation and NDVI were analyzed by using linear trend method, then effect of climate elements change on NDVI change were studied by correlation coefficient method. The results showed that annual temperature showed a clear upward trend in Shiyang River Basin and various regions. Temperature in spring, summer and autumn showed an upward trend, and it showed a downward trend in winter (except Minqin). Annual precipitation in total catchment area and Yongchang, Gulang and Tianzhu showed an increasing trend, while Minqin and Liangzhou showed a decreasing trend. Change trend of precipitation in each season was not consistent. Annual sunshine duration showed a decreasing trend in total catchment area and other places except Gulang, and variation trend of sunshine duration in each season was very inconsistent. Annual evaporation showed an increasing trend in total catchment area and other places except Liangzhou, and variation trend of evaporation in each season was not consistent. Annual NDVI in Shiyang River Basin and various regions showed a significant growth trend. Each season NDVI also showed an increasing trend except Liangzhou in spring. Annual and seasonal temperature and precipitation were basically positively correlated with NDVI, and temperature and precipitation had a positive contribution to NDVI. Correlation between sunshine duration, evaporation and NDVI of annual and seasonal was quite different. In general, sunshine duration had a negative contribution to NDVI, and evaporation had a positive contribution to NDVI. Research results will provide scientific reference for improving utilization rate of climate resources, adjusting planting structure and improving ecological environment in Shiyang River Basin.

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Assessment Regionalization of Precipitation and Drought Risk in Baoshan Tobacco Planting Area

ZHONG Yanhua, JING Yuanshu, WEI Yuan, LI Weitao, JI Mengyu

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (11): 112-120. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0379

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Based on the daily precipitation and temperature data of 11 flue-cured tobacco meteorological stations in Baoshan County from 2015 to 2020, the rainfall risk index and its temporal and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed during the growth and development of Baoshan flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan Province, and the drought risk assessment model was constructed to provide a basis for the formulation of safe production and risk prevention strategies for Baoshan flue-cured tobacco. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation and drought risk in Baoshan tobacco planting area were analyzed by using geographic information system software ArcGis and relevant mathematical statistics methods such as climate tendency rate and trend coefficient. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and drought risk assessment model, drought hazard assessment regionalization in Baoshan tobacco planting area was realized with the help of GIS platform. The results showed that the annual precipitation of Longling and Tengchong ranged from 1060 to 1865.6mm and 804 to 1348.5mm respectively, both of which were more than two times of the normal water requirement of flue-cured tobacco. The Houqiao area in Tengchong had the highest climatic tendency rate, which passed 0.01 significance test and showed a significant increasing trend year by year. The drought risk of flue-cured tobacco in vigorous growth period mainly occurred in central and eastern Baoshan. The drought risk near old city of Shidian and Longyang District was the highest, reaching above the severe risk. The drought risk in the central and eastern parts of Baoshan was below the medium risk, which was conducive to flue-cured tobacco planting. This paper studied and clarified the important influence of moisture and climate conditions on flue-cured tobacco planting in Baoshan tobacco planting area, which was conducive to the quality production of flue-cured tobacco in Baoshan and the formulation of local government's meteorological disaster prevention and reduction strategy.

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Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Land Use in the Distribution Area of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest

DING Jida, PU Zhi, TANG Fang, TIAN Yongqiang

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (31): 96-105. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0832

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The paper aims to study the land use change in the distribution area of wild fruit forests in Tianshan. Based on 8 periods of land use data from 1980 to 2020 in the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area, a land use geo-information mapping system with 7 time series was constructed to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of land use changes in the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area. The results showed that: (1) the land use structure of the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area was dominated by grassland and arable land, accounting for about 80% of the total area. (2) The mapping of land use change was dominated by the mutual transformation between forest land and grassland and the increase of cultivated land, while the overall change of other land types was small. (3) The net growth of grassland was the largest, followed by cropland; the shrinkage of forest land was the most serious, with a precipitous decline at the later stage. (4) The land use change pattern was mainly stable and unchanging, followed by late change type, and the smallest proportion of full-period change type; late land use changes were more frequent than the early period. (5) The frequency spectrum of land use change was dominated by stable and unchanging regions, followed by low-frequency regions, both of which accounted for more than 98%, so the overall land use structure was more stable. The study analyzed the characteristics of spatial and temporal evolution of land use in the distribution area of Tianshan wild fruit forest, revealed the land use change pattern in the study area, and provided basis for optimal scheduling of Tianshan wild fruit forest resources.

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Analysis of the Current Research Status of Wetland Ecosystem Service Functions Based on Web of Science

WANG Mingyu, WENG Xiaohong, SONG Yu, HE Xin, ZENG Xiannan, SUI Xin

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (29): 137-145. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0053

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This study used bibliometric analysis to investigate the research status, hotspots, and trends of wetland ecosystem service functions on a global scale by using literature published between 2002 and 2022 in the Web of Science core database. VOS viewer software was employed to conduct bibliometric and visualization analysis on the publication volume, countries, core authors, research institutions, and research hotspots of wetland ecosystem service function research. The results showed that the number of papers published in the field was generally increasing; the United States and China are the two countries with the highest number of papers published in the field; the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the USGS are the research institutions with the highest number of papers published; a grouping of high-frequency keywords identifies the research hotspots as “Benefit”, “Soil”, “China”,and “Marsh”, which are closely related to wetland ecosystem services and provide a variety of research directions for the future development of the field. This study provides a reference for relevant researchers in the research trend and future research hotspots of wetland ecosystem services.

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Analysis of Soil Nutrient Changes and Ecological Stoichiometry Under Different Land Use Types

LI Xuemei, SHU Yingge

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (28): 62-69. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0827

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To study the characteristics of soil nutrients and the ecological stoichiometric ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) under different land use types, the distribution of soil nutrients in the surface layer (0-20 cm) of paddy fields, drylands, grasslands and woodlands and the differences were analyzed by bibliometric methods. The results showed that the four land use types were relatively rich in total potassium and fast-acting potassium, but generally deficient in total phosphorus, with significant differences (P<0.05); soil total nitrogen was positively significantly correlated with total phosphorus (P<0.05), and negatively significantly correlated with adequate phosphorus (P<0.05), soil organic matter showed a highly significant positive correlation with total nitrogen (P<0.01), and total soil phosphorus showed a highly significant positive correlation with total potassium (P<0.01). Soil C:N values were highest in paddy fields, soil C:K, C:P and N:K values were highest in grasslands, N:P values were highest in woodlands and P:K values were highest in drylands; based on the integrated soil nutrient pool index, it could be concluded that the overall soil nutrient levels of the four different land use types showed paddy fields>grasslands>drylands>woodlands. The four land use types effectively presented the differences between soil nutrient content and ecological stoichiometric ratio of elements, which could provide theoretical support for the revegetation and soil improvement of different land-use types.

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Study on Spatial and Temporal Variation of Carbon Emission of Land Use in Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2020

LIU Jianing, SUN Lina

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (26): 86-97. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0809

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The study of the spatial and temporal differentiation pattern of land use carbon emission is of great significance for guiding the regional realization of carbon neutral goals. Based on the remote sensing images and energy consumption data of Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2020, this paper analyzed the current situation of land use, the temporal and spatial pattern of carbon emissions and the risk of carbon emissions in Heilongjiang Province by using the calculation model of land use carbon emissions and the calculation model of carbon emissions risk index, combined with the land use transfer matrix, ArcGIS spatial analysis and other methods. The results showed that the main land types in Heilongjiang Province were cultivated land and construction land, and the area increased year by year. Construction land was the main carbon source. Forest land, grassland and water area decreased year by year, and forest land was the most important carbon sink. From 1980 to 2020, the carbon emissions of land use in Heilongjiang Province increased in varying degrees. In terms of carbon sources, the total carbon sources showed a fluctuating upward trend; in terms of carbon sinks, the total carbon sinks decreased year by year. From 2000 to 2020, the total carbon emissions of each city increased to varying degrees, of which the growth rate was fast from 2000 to 2010, and slower from 2010 to 2020. From 2000 to 2020, the spatial difference of carbon emissions of each city was gradually significant, and the risk level increased year by year. Based on the relevant analysis results, this paper aims to provide reference for the low-carbon land use model and carbon emission reduction policy of Heilongjiang Province, and provide decision support for the realization of China’s “dual carbon” goal.

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Land Use Change in Hanjiang River Basin: Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Its Ecological Security Assessment

GUAN Yafang, JIAO Yang, ZANG Chuanfu

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (20): 91-99. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0647

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The study aims to reveal the spatio-temporal change characteristics of land use and the ecological security assessment of the change in Hanjiang River Basin, and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable use of land resources in the basin. Based on the exploration of land use change and its driving forces obtained by transfer matrix and principal component analysis, the evaluation index system of land ecological security was established by using pressure—state—response model, to further evaluate the land ecological security. The results showed that from 1980 to 2020, the construction land and the cultivated land, the two most significant land types in Hanjiang River Basin, increased by 1301.61 km² and decreased by 1013.89 km² respectively. They converted to each other and spatially concentrated in Chaoshan plain in the southeast of the basin. Economic development and population growth were the two main factors promoting the urbanization process of the basin, and aggravated the contradiction between the construction land and the ecological land. From 2000 to 2019, the level of land ecological security in Hanjiang River Basin changed following a path of “relatively unsafe—unsafe—relatively unsafe”, indicating that the land ecological environment was gradually improved after deterioration. In conclusion, in Hanjiang River Basin, the land ecological security is closely related to the land use change and has been in an unstable state for a long term. So it is necessary to adjust the land use pattern to alleviate the pressure on land ecological security.

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Research on the Physical Geographical Characteristics and Income Growth of Farmers and Herdsmen in the Sanjiangyuan Ecological Function Zone

WANG Senxiong, LI Haihong, SHANG Wenli

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (17): 156-164. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0491

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Based on the rural residents' income data of 21 County-level administrative region in the Sanjiangyuan ecological function zone (SEFZ) from 2012 to 2019，this paper studied the impact of the natural geographical characteristics of the region on the income of farmers and herdsmen through the establishment of topographic-air quality degree, and the comprehensive use of exploratory spatial analysis and spatial econometric model. The results showed that: (1) the per capita disposable income of farmers and herdsmen increased from 4567.92 to 10417.56 yuan in the SEFZ, showing a spatial distribution characteristic of ‘high in the east and low in the west, high in the north and low in the south’, with spatial aggregation in some areas. (2) Geographical environment had an overall effect on the income of farmers and herdsmen through influencing their production and life, regional economic development, urban and rural resource allocation and government economic policies. (3) The Spatial Durbin Model showed that the income growth of farmers and herdsmen in a certain region would drive the adjacent region. The worse the topographic-air quality degree, the lower the income level of farmers and herdsmen in different regions. GDP growth was beneficial to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen in neighboring regions, while the improvement of industrial structure was beneficial to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen in this region. The modernization of agriculture and animal husbandry had little effect on the income growth of farmers and herdsmen. The increase of government expenditure could also promote the income growth of farmers and herdsmen in different regions.

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Research on the Optimization of Rural Settlement Layout in Pingyao County

LI Xue, JIA Ningfeng, QIAO Luyin, ZHANG Yuhuai

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (16): 156-164. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0415

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To alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of urban and rural construction land, and effectively and reasonably promote the comprehensive improvement of rural settlements, we selected Pingyao County of Shanxi Province as the research area to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in the county and their influencing mechanism. We used the minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model to construct the suitability evaluation index system of rural residential areas, and established a database of natural and socioeconomic factors taking the administrative village as the unit. The research shows that: (1) the rural settlements in the county are affected by natural location conditions, and the overall distribution pattern of clusters is “dense in the north and middle, and sparse in the southeast”; (2) the spatial layout suitability of rural settlements in Pingyao County is relatively good, mainly high suitability and relative suitability, showing the distribution characteristics of “low suitability in the northwest, high suitability in the southeast, and good suitability close to the central urban area”; (3) according to the logical thinking of natural factors - comprehensive evaluation - development potential - resource advantage, the settlements are classified into four categories: urban-suburban integration, agglomeration expansion, guidance and control, and relocation and merger, and the development directions are pointed out by this study.

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Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Ecological Pattern in Minhe County of Qinghai Province

YE Xiaozheng, ZHANG Jinxu, HOU Zhiguo

Journal of Agriculture 2023, 13 (5): 50-57. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0051

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The paper aims to study the landscape distribution law and land use degree in Minhe County of Qinghai Province in recent 20 years. With the support of GIS technology, this study took Minhe County in Qinghai Province as the research object, selected the global land cover data GlobeLand30 in 2000, 2010 and 2020, established a classification system according to the GlobeLand30 classification standard, and obtained the area of each landscape type and the change in the 20 years by the land type transfer matrix. Finally, Fragstats4 landscape analysis software was used to select 9 major landscape indicators to make a comparative analysis of patch type and landscape level of landscape pattern in Minhe County. The results showed that: (1) the area of artificial land increased the most, and the area of cultivated land decreased the most; among them, the tendency of cultivated land transformed into artificial land was particularly obvious; (2) grassland and cultivated land had the highest degree of fragmentation, and the wetland was less fragmented; (3) the overall land use degree index increased, and the land use effect was obvious. The dynamic analysis of landscape ecological pattern plays an important role in regional land use planning and lays a foundation for future regional ecological and environmental protection.

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Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Cultivated Land Occupied by Construction Land Expansion in Corn Belt in Central Jilin Province from 1990 to 2019

SHI Zhenyu, LI Xiaoyan, GULINAER·Suoerdahan, XING Zihan

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (11): 80-87. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0970

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The study aims to investigate the spatial-temporal characteristics of cultivated land occupied by construction land expansion as well as its driving factors, which is important for effectively protecting cultivated land resources and meeting the demand of urban development for construction land expansion. Based on Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing image data, the spatial-temporal characteristics of construction land expansion and cultivated land change, and the driving factors in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2019 of 10 counties and cities in the corn belt of central Jilin Province were analyzed. The results are as follows. (1) The construction land in the corn belt of central Jilin Province was expanded by 772.97 km² from 1990 to 2019, and the spatial difference in construction land expansion was obvious. (2) The clustering type of construction land expansion intensity in the study area was mainly very high value aggregation area, dominated by Changchun, and the model of construction land expansion was epiphytic. (3) From 1990 to 2019, the net loss of cultivated land in the study area amounted to 793.19 km² with an annual loss rate of 1.01%, and 65.27% of the reduced cultivated land was transformed into construction land, mainly at the outer edge of urban areas. (4) The temporal drivers of construction land expansion occupying cultivated land in the study area were mainly policy factors, and spatially, economic location and geographical location were the main constraints. This study analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of cultivated land occupied by construction land expansion in the corn belt of central Jilin Province, and could provide a theoretical basis for land use planning.

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Risk Assessment and Zoning of Drought Disasters in Shandong Province

CHU Yue, XUE Xiaoping, ZHANG Lijuan, HUANG Yutao, WANG Nan, WANG Nan, JIANG Meiyi, WANG Yumeng, GUO Xihui, YANG Yiping, ZHAO Yufeng, ZHAO Enbo

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (10): 101-112. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0276

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As a major agricultural province in China, Shandong is one of the most important grain-producing areas in the country. The province is affected by the monsoon climate and is prone to drought disaster. Therefore, the disaster risk assessment and zoning of drought in Shandong Province can prevent drought disasters more scientifically, which is of certain guiding significance to improving drought disaster risk management, enhancing decision-making and reducing economic losses. Based on the principle of natural disaster risk assessment, this paper used the basic data of meteorology, soil and topography, and high-precision data of land use type and normalized differential vegetation index in Shandong, adopted the methods of weighted comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process, as well as GIS spatial analysis technology, to assess and zone the risk of drought. The results showed that the risk of drought in Shandong was high, areas with medium and high risk accounted for 59.40% of the total, and the high risk areas were mainly located in the northwestern part of Shandong and the eastern part of Jiaodong peninsula. The exposure of disaster-bearing bodies was high, areas with medium and high exposure accounted for 70.66% of the total, and the high exposure areas were mainly located in the western and southern parts of Shandong, and some areas in the central part were also highly exposed. The vulnerability of disaster-bearing bodies was slightly high, areas with medium and high vulnerability accounted for 48.1% of the total, and high vulnerability areas were mainly located in the southwestern part of Shandong. The disaster prevention and mitigation capacity of Shandong was strong, areas with medium and high disaster prevention and mitigation capacity accounted for 50.87% of the total, and areas with high disaster prevention and mitigation capacity were mainly located in the Jiaodong peninsula and some areas in the north of the province. The comprehensive risk of drought in Shandong was high, areas with medium and high comprehensive risk accounted for 54.04% of the total, and mainly located in the western and central parts of Shandong, and the eastern part of the province had relatively low comprehensive risk of drought.

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Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Wind Disaster Risk of Facility Agriculture in Hubei Province

YANG Qingqing, LIU Kequn, LIU Kaiwen, SUN Chen, XIAO Weiyu

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (9): 143-152. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0322

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To calculate the probability of disasters caused by different hazard winds to facility agriculture in Hubei Province, and analyze the change characteristics of disaster-causing winds, based on the meteorological datasets of each city in Hubei from 1991 to 2020, this study defined the indexes of mild, moderate, severe, and extra-heavy grade of wind disasters by double-condition constraints. The results showed that the greater the wind speed, the larger the disaster probability of facility agriculture was. The days of hazard winds were evenly distributed over the four seasons, and the days in spring and summer were greater than that in autumn and winter. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) analysis results showed that there were quasi-periodic changes of about 2-3 years, 6 years and 15 years in the disaster-causing wind force of facility agriculture in Hubei and the disaster-causing wind force remained stable until 2008. Since then, it showed a significant upward trend, and the number of disaster-causing wind days might increase in the future. The overall wind disaster risk in facility greenhouses was high in the central of the province and low in the east and west. The risk of wind disaster in Xiangyang was the greatest. In summary, the following cities, including Xiaogan, Enshi, Wuhan, Yichang, Huanggang, Shiyan, and Xianning, are at mild to moderate risk of wind disasters, which are suitable for the development of facility agriculture.

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Fine Regionalization of Climatic Suitability for Sorghum Planting in Shanxi Province Based on GIS

HAN Xiaoying, ZHANG Lei, YANG Sanwei, LU Yanzhen, LI Wenting

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (9): 92-99. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0281

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Climatic conditions and growth cycle are crucial for sorghum planting. To optimize the layout of sorghum planting in Shanxi Province, it is important to fully and rationally use the climatic resources. In this work, we analyzed and modeled the daily meteorological data to establish the sorghum climate regionalization based on the climatic suitability grade, in which the data were collected from 109 meteorological monitoring stations in Shanxi Province ranging from 1979 to 2020. Specifically, we adopted the related climatic indices as the experimental indices for the sorghum climate regionalization, which included the average temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours, effective accumulated temperature ≥10℃, and the annual frost-free period data during the sorghum growth period. GIS method was utilized to calculate the climatic elements of the sorghum planting and correct the climatic indices of regionalization based on the geographical relationships.

The experimental results indicated that the most suitable areas for sorghum planting in Shanxi Province located in most counties (districts) on the west side of Lvliang Mountain and most other basins in Shanxi Province, which accounted for 41% of the total area. The sub-suitable areas were mainly distributed in low plains or low mountain areas of Shanxi Province, which accounted for 42% of the total area. Unsuitable areas were mainly distributed in high-altitude and cold areas in Shanxi Province, which accounted for 17% of the total area. This work demonstrated the significance of climatic conditions and the growth cycle for sorghum planting in Shanxi Province. It could provide a scientific basis for sorghum planting and production in all counties (districts) in Shanxi Province.

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The Status Quo and Countermeasures of Agricultural Modernization Demonstration Area Planning Layout Under the Background of Territorial Space Planning

ZHU Xurong, WANG Nengbo, CAO Licong

Journal of Agriculture 2022, 12 (12): 40-47. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0024

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Planning layout is an important part of the development of modern agriculture, as well as the core content of the construction of Agricultural Modernization Demonstration Area (AMDA). In order to ensure the scientific and rational planning layout, this article embarks from the territorial space planning system development, and takes approaches of problem-orientation, mechanism-transmission, and industry functional layout based on analyzing existing problems in the planning layout of the AMDA. Some countermeasures and critical technical points in the AMDA planning layout are suggested, with verification based upon typical case analysis, in order to provide reference for the construction of AMDA. The study concludes that a scientific layout of AMDA is conducive to the optimization of spatial pattern and the optimal allocation of agricultural resources in space, and has important practical guidance for building regional spatial governance capacity as well as promoting regional agricultural modernization.

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Spatial-temporal Variation Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Guangdong Major Tea Areas

CUI Yingying, ZHOU Bo, CHEN Yiyong, LIU Jiayu, LI Jianlong, TANG Hao, TANG Jinchi

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (1): 85-95. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1176

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To understand the changes of soil nutrient characteristics of tea gardens in Guangdong Province, adjust soil nutrient management strategies in time, and improve tea yield and quality, the authors took three main tea areas in eastern, western and northern Guangdong as the research objects, conducted a comprehensive analysis of soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and medium-trace elements, and systematically evaluated the temporal and spatial changes of soil fertility attributes in these areas. The results showed that after 10 years’ change of nutrient management since 2009, the content of soil organic matter and available potassium in the tea area of eastern Guangdong increased significantly, reaching 22.87 mg/kg and 123.00 mg/kg, respectively. The soil pH in the tea area of western Guangdong decreased significantly, and the soil acidification degree was intensified. The soil organic matter content in the tea area of northern Guangdong increased significantly from 18.46 mg/kg to 26.27 mg/kg. The spatial difference analysis of soil fertility status of Guangdong tea gardens showed that the content of soil organic matter and available potassium in the tea area of western Guangdong was significantly lower than those in the tea area of eastern and northern Guangdong. Only the eastern Guangdong tea area had pH above 4.5. The content of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Mg in the tea area of northern and eastern Guangdong were higher than those in western Guangdong, and some differences reached significant level. The soil nutrient management in the tea area of eastern Guangdong tended to be reasonable, and the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be highlighted appropriately. The soil nutrient management in the tea area of northern Guangdong was acceptable, but some types of organic fertilizers needed to be adjusted to alkaline fertilizers and appropriate soil conditioners should be applied to inhibit the aggravation of soil acidification. At the same time, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be strengthened. The soil fertility in the tea area of western Guangdong was poor, and the soil acidification was intensified, therefore, high-quality organic fertilizer and an appropriate amount of soil conditioner should be applied to improve the soil fertility and quality.

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Effects of Typical Land Use Types on Soil Nitrogen Characteristics in Karst Agricultural Areas of Southwest China

TIAN Yutong, HAN Zhiwei, ZHAO Ran, TIAN Yongzhu, LUO Guangfei, YANG Miao

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2022, 38 (33): 89-96. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1216

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To investigate the influence of different land use types on soil nitrogen characteristics in karst area and clarify the migration characteristics and influencing factors of soil nitrogen under different land use types and depths, we took different types of soil (grassland, riverside zone, paddy field and dry land) around Kaizhang reservoir in Huaxi River Basin as the research objects, measured the basic physical and chemical properties of soil, the contents of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of different forms of soil nitrogen under different land use conditions in karst area, the composition proportion of nitrogen and the correlation between nitrogen and various environmental factors. The results showed that the average content of soil total nitrogen in agricultural land (paddy field and dry land) was higher than that in non-agricultural land (grassland and riverside zone), showing ‘surface accumulation’ in the vertical direction and a decrease with the soil depth increase as a whole. Affected by agricultural activities, the content of nitrate nitrogen in agricultural land was higher than that in non-agricultural land. In the vertical direction, the content of nitrate nitrogen in agricultural land changed greatly, and the overall trend decreased with soil depth. The content of ammonium nitrogen had little difference under different land use types, and was relatively stable in the vertical section. Comparing the proportion of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in inorganic nitrogen, it showed that the soil inorganic nitrogen in the study area was mainly ammonium nitrogen. There was a very significantly positive correlation between soil organic matter content and nitrogen in the study area (P<0.01), and there was a significantly negative correlation between soil pH and nitrogen (P<0.05). In summary, the soil nitrogen content of agricultural land is generally higher than that of non-agricultural land, and different land use types have a significant impact on nitrogen distribution in karst agricultural area.

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