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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (18): 17-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110156

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦宽幅匀播技术氮、磷、钾施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究

温 健1,郭振斌1,张常文1,李城德2,刘广才2,王国宇3   

  1. (1甘肃省永登县农业技术推广中心,甘肃永登 730300；2甘肃省农业技术推广总站,兰州 730000；3甘肃省兰州市农业科技研究推广中心,兰州 730070）
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-30 修回日期:2016-01-16 接受日期:2016-01-25 出版日期:2016-06-28 发布日期:2016-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 温 健
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业技术推广总站（2012[35]号）“小麦宽幅精播技术引进与试验示范”项目；永登县测土配方施肥补贴项目(2013—2015)。

N, P, K Fertilizer in Wide Uniform Planting of Wheat

Wen Jian1, Guo Zhengbin1, Zhang Changwen1, Li Chengde2, Liu Guangcai2, Wang Guoyu3   

  1. (1Yongdeng Agro-technical Extension Center of Gansu, Yongdeng Gansu 730300;2Gansu Agro-technical Extension Station, Lanzhou 730020;3Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou 730070)
  • Received:2015-11-30 Revised:2016-01-16 Accepted:2016-01-25 Online:2016-06-28 Published:2016-06-28

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摘要： 为了探讨宽幅匀播小麦的肥料高效利用和土壤养分吸收的机理，采用多点田间小区试验，应用“3414”田间肥料试验设计方法，分析在不同肥力水平下小麦宽幅匀播技术氮、磷、钾的施肥效果和推荐用量。结果得出，宽幅匀播小麦氮、磷、钾养分利用率随施肥水平提高而显著降低，随土壤肥力增加呈先增高后降低，从高到低依次为：中肥力＞较低肥力＞低肥力＞较高肥力＞高肥力。随土壤肥力由低到高增加，宽幅匀播小麦最佳施肥效益的推荐施肥量分别是N 107.9~171.8 kg/hm2、P2O5 88.2~112.1 kg/hm2和K2O 35.4~56.2 kg/hm2，平均分别为：N 138.3 kg/hm2、P2O5 101.4 kg/hm2、K2O 45.4 kg/hm2，三要素比例为N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.73:0.33。由于不同土壤类型的速效氮磷钾含量有一定差异，小麦宽幅匀播适宜施肥量应因土壤类型而适当调整。

关键词: 再生水, 再生水, 土壤, 蔬菜, 富集

Abstract: To study the mechanism of fertilizer efficient utilization and nutrient uptake in wide uniform planting of wheat, the authors used the multi-point plot experiment and “3414” field fertilization design to analyze the fertilization (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) effect and recommended dosage under different soil fertilities. The results showed that the nutrient utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium significantly decreased with the increase of fertilization level, and first increased then decreased with the increase of the soil fertility level, the order was medium fertility > relatively low fertility > low fertility > relatively high fertility > high fertility. With the soil fertility increase, the recommended fertilizing amounts were N 107.9-171.8 kg/hm2, P2O5 88.2-112.1 kg/hm2 and K2O 35.4-56.2 kg/hm2. The average values were N 138.3 kg/hm2, P2O5 101.4 kg/hm2, and K2O 45.4 kg/hm2. The proportion of the three elements was N: P2O5: K2O=1:0.73:0.33. Due to the content difference of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different soil types, suitable fertilizing amount for wheat in wide uniform planting should be readjusted properly according to soil types.

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