近54a新疆地区水资源的气候特征分布

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16020109

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究气候变化背景下新疆地区水资源的气候特征，利用新疆地区50 个站点1961—2014 年的气象数据，通过陆面蒸发经验公式估算蒸发量及相应的降蒸差，并结合Mann-Kendall 非参数检验方法分析探讨近54 年新疆地区水资源的气候变化特征及时空分布。结果显示：（1）近54 年来新疆地区降水量、平均气温、蒸发量自发生突变以来呈显著上升趋势；（2）北疆的降水量最高，东疆降水量最低并且未通过显著性检验；（3）新疆各区域年平均气温变化趋势均以0.03℃/a 持续增加；（4）北疆降蒸差量接近全疆水平，南疆大部分地区与东疆区域降蒸差均小于0，表明该地区水资源严重不足，常年处于干旱；（5）降水量、蒸发量和降蒸差空间分布主要表现在由北至南，由西至东呈减少的趋势，平均气温呈增加的趋势。

关键词: 土地整治, 土地整治, 重大项目, 社会稳定, 风险评估, PSR模型

Abstract: To explore the content of climate change, climate characteristics of water resources in Xinjiang, based on the meteorological data of 50 stations over the Xinjiang region, was estimated by the empirical formula of the land surface evaporation, and in turn the climate change characteristics and temporal distribution of water resources in Xinjiang area were analyzed by the method of Mann-Kendall test. The results showed that: (1) the precipitation, the average temperature and the evaporation during historical 54 years in the Xinjiang area was detected to increase significantly. (2) the highest value of the precipitation was found in North part of Xinjiang, followed by East and South parts. (3) the annual average temperature was found to increase with a significant trend of 0.03 ℃ per year. (4) The D-value of precipitation in the northern Xinjiang was close to the value of the Xinjiang, and was less than 0 in southern and eastern Xinjiang, which indicated that most areas of southern and eastern Xinjiang was strongly characterized by scare water resource and suffered arid climate through many years. (5) From northern to southern and from western to eastern, the precipitation, evaporation and precipitation deficit decreased, while the average temperature increased.

刘晓伟,刘勤,吕军,何文清,刘洪亮. 近54a新疆地区水资源的气候特征分布[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(29): 124-131.

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