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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 59-65.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040037

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同氮、磷、钾水平对黄秋葵生长及果荚产量的影响

李瑞美,何炎森,郑开斌   

  1. 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-07 修回日期:2017-01-17 接受日期:2016-06-30 出版日期:2017-02-10 发布日期:2017-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 郑开斌
  • 基金资助:
    福建省重大专项子专题“黄秋葵新品种选育与种业产业化研究”(2013NZ0002-3-3-5)

Effects of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Levels on Okra Growth and Pod Yield

李瑞美, and 郑开斌   

  • Received:2016-04-07 Revised:2017-01-17 Accepted:2016-06-30 Online:2017-02-10 Published:2017-02-10

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摘要： 为研究黄秋葵氮磷钾合理的施用量，采用3因素4个水平16个处理的正交试验设计，分析N、P、K肥料不同配比对春植、秋植两季黄秋葵生长及结荚的影响。结果表明：春植与秋植不同处理间株高存在极显著差异，春植30、60、90天时的最大株高分别为62.3、125.0、169.0 cm，秋植30、60、90天时的最大株高分别为36.14、107.8、118.9 cm。采用极差分析方法确定各影响因子主次顺序，表明影响春植生长的主要因子为磷肥，秋季则为氮肥；春季有助于黄秋葵生长最佳组合为N2P4K2（N 0.155 kg/小区、P2O5 0.159 kg/小区、K2O 0.214 kg/小区），秋植黄秋葵最佳施肥组合为N4P4K3（N 0.104 kg/小区、P2O5 0.159 kg/小区、K2O 0.178 kg/小区）；春秋两季影响黄秋葵结荚的最大因子均为磷肥，其次为氮肥，提高黄秋葵结荚量的最佳施肥组合为N3P2K2（N 0.130 kg/小区、P2O5 0.238 kg/小区、K2O 0.214kg/小区），即适当提高磷肥和钾肥用量配合低浓度的氮可促进黄秋葵结荚。

关键词: 农民专业合作社, 农民专业合作社, 贷款, 影响因素

Abstract: A field test was carried out to study the proper proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in okra. Orthogonal experiment design with four levels and three factors was used to study the impact on the growth and the number of podding in okra during the spring and autumn by different fertilizer proportion of N, P, K fertilizer. It showed that: the plant height had significant differences among the all treatments during spring planting and fall planting. The largest plant height was 62.3, 125.0, 169.0 cm respectively in spring planting 30, 60, 90 d, and 36.14, 107.8, 118.9 cm respectively in autumn planting 30, 60, 90 d. The contribution rate of every experiment factor was determined by means of range analysis. It showed that phosphate was the main factor in spring-planting growth, and nitrogen was the main factor in autumn-planting. The best combination was N2P4K2 (N 0.155 kg/plot, P2O5 0.159 kg/plot, K2O 0.214 kg/plot) for spring-planting okra growth, and N4P4K3 (N 0.104 kg/plot, P2O5 0.159 kg/plot, K2O 0.178 kg/plot) was the best combination for autumn-planting. The most important factor of okra podding was phosphate fertilizer in spring-planting and autumn-planting, next was nitrogen. The best combination was N3P2K2 (N 0.130 kg/plot, P2O5 0.238 kg/plot, K2O 0.214 kg/plot) for okra podding. It showed increase in the amount of phosphate and potash, and lower nitrogen appropriate could improve okra podding.