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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 6-12.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120026

所属专题: 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

粘果山羊草在小麦改良中的初步应用

蒋云,张洁,赵丽华,郭元林,尹春蓉,宣朴   

  1. 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,攀枝花学院生物与化学工程学院,四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,四川省农业科学院农产品加工所
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-05 修回日期:2017-12-10 接受日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2018-01-12 发布日期:2018-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 宣朴
  • 基金资助:
    四川省财政创新能力提升工程青年“硬粒小麦-钩刺山羊草双二倍体材料的创制和评价”(2014CXSF-003);四川省财政创新能力提升工程项目“辐射诱变创制小麦异源新材料及其利用”(2016ZYPZ-004)。

The Application of Aegilops kotschyi in Wheat Breeding

  • Received:2016-12-05 Revised:2017-12-10 Accepted:2017-01-20 Online:2018-01-12 Published:2018-01-12

摘要: 为了将粘果山羊草的优异农艺性状转移到小麦背景中,本研究用(粘果山羊草/中国春)杂交F1代与普通小麦亲本复交并自交,共获得了42个F4代单株及其衍生的42个F5代株系,并从主要农艺性状、细胞学和高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)等方面对这一批材料进行了研究。研究发现:1、上述F5代株系在形态上与普通小麦十分相似,部分株系的分蘖数和条锈病抗性有显著提高, 部分株系的千粒重表现出超亲现象,具有一定的育种利用价值;2、12个F4代植株的细胞学鉴定发现:7个单株的染色体数目与普通小麦不一致,其中1个单株还可能存在不稳定结构变异。这表明部分参试单株存在细胞学不稳定性现象,需要进一步自交纯合和鉴定;3、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)检测发现除1株变异株J7-4外,其余材料的HMW-GS组成均和普通小麦亲本一致,变异株的变异机理和它对品质的影响还有待进一步深入研究。本研究为小麦育种提供了一批优异的育种材料。

关键词: 除草剂, 除草剂, 发展现状, 高粱, 应用

Abstract: In order to transfer the fine properties of Aegilops kotschyi into wheat, F1 generation of hybrid (Aegilops kotschyi/CS) was crossed with common wheat and then self-crossed in this study, and 42 individuals of F4 and 42 lines of F5 were obtained respectively. Analyses revealed the following results: (i) F5 strains showed similar morphology to common wheat, the tiller number and stripe resistance and the thousand kernel weight has improved significantly in some excellent ones which could be used in wheat breeding. (ii) The chromosome numbers of seven individuals were different from common wheat in all the analyzed 12 F4 plants, and an unstable chromosome structure variation was found in one of them, which indicated cytological instability existed in some plants and more work in homozygosis and identification would be done in the future. (ⅲ) HMW-GS expressed similar with the common wheat except mutant J7-4 and the effects of quality and the mechanism of the variation needed further research. In this study, a batch of excellent materials were devised for wheat breeding.

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