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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (31): 153-159.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050019

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

大西洋中部海域竹荚鱼中心渔场的时空变化及其影响因素

逄志伟,李显森,朱建成,孙珊   

  1. 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所/农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所/农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所/农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所/农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-03 修回日期:2017-11-07 接受日期:2017-08-22 出版日期:2017-11-27 发布日期:2017-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 李显森
  • 基金资助:
    远洋捕捞技术与渔业新资源开发项目“大洋性渔业捕捞技术与新资源开发”(2013BAD13B05)

Spatial-temporal Distribution Pattern and Related Influencing Factors of Horse Mackerel Central Fishing Ground in Central Atlantic

  • Received:2017-05-03 Revised:2017-11-07 Accepted:2017-08-22 Online:2017-11-27 Published:2017-11-27

摘要： 世界竹荚鱼的产量2010年后有所下降，需加强竹荚鱼渔场乃至后备渔场的研究。根据2012年1—8月、2013年12月—2014年6月、2015年1—8月中国大型拖网渔船在大西洋中部海域佛得角海岸的竹荚鱼渔捞日志资料以及遥感获取的海洋环境数据，利用渔获量重心法数理统计、广义加性模型(generalized additive models, GAM)等方法，对该海域中层拖网平均CPUE的月变化、中心渔场的时空变动、CPUE与各影响因子（叶绿素a浓度、海表温度、经度、纬度）的关系进行分析。结果表明：2013年12月—2014年6月、2015年1—8月的渔场平均CPUE的月变化较为类似，2012年1—8月较前二者存在较大差异。月平均CPUE在不同年份变化趋势差异较大。各年份渔场产量重心均在4或5月份达到渔场最南端，在4或5月份以前月份，渔场产量重心基本由北向南移动；在4或5月份以后月份，渔场产量重心由南向北移动。GAM模型分析竹荚鱼CPUE与海洋环境因子（叶绿素a浓度、海表温度、经度、纬度）发现，最适SST区间为19.5~21℃，最适叶绿素a浓度区间为5.473~6.685 mg/m3，经度集中在16°30′W附近，纬度集中在18°N位置附近。SST在CPUE上的回归极显著(P<0.01)，纬度在CPUE上的回归显著(P<0.05)，叶绿素a浓度和经度在CPUE上的回归不显著(P>0.05)。本渔场作为开发竹荚鱼的单鱼种渔场有待商榷。

关键词: GIS, GIS, 耕地质量, 评价指标, 等级变化, 禹城市

Abstract: The output of horse mackerel in the world has declined since 2010. The research on the fishing grounds of horse mackerel and the reserve fishery should been strengthened. According to the statistical data of the horse mackerel in the sea area of Cape Verde coastal of central Eastern Central Atlantic of fishing yield in Chinese vessels from January to August 2012 , from December The output of horse mackerel in the world has declined since 2010. So, the research on fishing grounds of horse mackerel and reserve fishery should be strengthened. In this study, the yield data of horse mackerel and marine environmental data obtained by remote sensing in the sea area of Cape Verde coast in Central Atlantic from January to August in 2012, from December 2013 to June 2014 and from January to August in 2015 were used. The monthly changes of average catch per unit effort (CPUE), spatial-temporal change of central fishing ground, as well as the correlations of CPUE with environmental factors including concentration of chlorophyll a, sea surface temperature (SST), longitude and latitude were analyzed by using production-centroid method, statistical interpolation, and generalized additive model (GAM). The results showed that the monthly change of average CPUE from December 2013 to June 2014 was similar to those from January to August in 2015, both of which showed large difference to that from January to August in 2012. The monthly change of average CPUE varied largely in different years. The center of fishery production in each year reached the southernmost tip of the fishing ground in April or May. Before April or May, the center basically moved from north to south; and after April or May, the center moved from south to north. GAM analysis showed that the optimum SST was 19.5-21℃, the optimum concentration of chlorophyll a was 5.473-6.685 mg/m3, the optimum longitude concentrated near 16°30''W and the latitude concentrated near 18°N. CPUE exhibited insignificant correlations with concentration of chlorophyll a and longitude (P>0.05); extremely significant correlation with SST (P<0.01); and significant correlation with latitude (P<0.05). In conclusion, taking this fishing ground only for horse mackerel needs further studies.