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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (22): 45-51.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060104

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同栽植密度对Y-1矮砧富士生长和结果的影响

蔡华成,杨廷桢,王骞,高敬东,李春燕,杜学梅,弓桂花   

  1. 山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室,山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-23 修回日期:2017-07-06 接受日期:2017-07-28 出版日期:2018-08-07 发布日期:2018-08-07
  • 通讯作者: 杨廷桢
  • 基金资助:
    山西省农业科学院重点攻关项目“Y-1 矮砧富士标准化栽培关键技术研究”(YGG1640);农业部专项“国家苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验 站建设”(CARS-28);公益性行业(农业)科研专项“苹果野生资源的收集、评价与优异种质筛选”(201303093-SX);山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻 关项目“苹果砧木种质资源筛选与创制”(YGG17035)。

Influence of Different Planting Densities on Growth and Fruit of‘Fuji’Grafted on ‘Y-1’Dwarfing Interstock

  • Received:2017-06-23 Revised:2017-07-06 Accepted:2017-07-28 Online:2018-08-07 Published:2018-08-07

摘要: 为生产上提供Y-1矮砧富士最佳栽植密度模式,本研究以4年生Y-1矮砧嫁接富士为试材,通过3种栽植密度(0.8×4m、1×4m、1.2×4m)处理,探讨其对树体生长和结果的影响,结果表明:栽植密度0.8×4m与1.2×4m的树体高度、干周存在显著差异(P<0.05),3种栽植密度下树体冠径、新梢生长量、枝类构成差异不明显;栽植密度1×4m的日平均光合速率高于其余2种栽植密度;冠下和株间的光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射随栽植密度的减少而增大,叶面积指数随栽植密度的减少而减小,栽植密度1.2×4m的光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射最大,叶面积指数最小;栽植密度1×4m的单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性总糖含量、硬度、糖酸比显著高于其它2种栽植密度,果实品质最佳。综合考虑树体生长势、光能利用率、果实品质等因素,1×4m为Y-1矮砧富士的适宜栽植密度。

关键词: 黑土区, 黑土区, DPSIR框架, 指标体系, 分区管理, 土壤环境质量

Abstract: To provide the best planting density system of Fuji grafted on Y-1 dwarfing interstock, in this study, 4-year-old Fuji apple trees as materials, three planting density system were 0.8×4m, 1×4m, 1.2×4m to analyze their effect on nutritional growth and fruit quality. The results showed, there were significant difference on tree height, trunk diameter between 0.8×4m and 1.2×4m(P<0.05), but were not significant difference on tree crown, shoot growth and branch composition among three planting density system. The average daily photosynthetic rate of 1×4m was significant with the other two treatments (P<0.05), was higher than that of the other two planting density. The direct and indirect photosynthesis radiation increased with the decrease of planting density, but the leaf area index decreased, there was highest value on photosynthesis radiation of 1.2×4m, but lowest value on leaf area index. The single fruit weight, fruit shape index, soluble solids content, soluble total sugar content, hardness and sugar - acid ratio of 1×4m were significantly higher than those of the other two planting density, and the fruit quality was the best. Considering the growth potential of trees, light energy utilization, fruit quality and so on, it was the optimal system when the planting density was 1 × 4m for Fuji grafted on Y-1 dwarfing interstock.

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